Thelypteridaceae

Abacopteris Fée

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Abacopteris aspera (C.Presl) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 332; ≡ Pronephrium asperum (C.Presl) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 112; ≡ Goniopteris aspera (C.Presl) C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 183; ≡ Polypodium asperum C.Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1825) 24. = Cyclosorus philippinarum (Fée) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 372; ≡ Abacopteris philippinarum Fée, Congr. sci. de France X sess. 1 (1843) 178. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. Native.
Abacopteris gymnopteridifrons (Hayata) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 251; ≡ Pronephrium gymnopteridifrons (Hayata) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 112; ≡ Dryopteris gymnopteridifrons Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 8 (1919) 148. = Cyclosorus pustulosus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 37. Distribution: China, Philippines, Taiwan. Native.
Abacopteris nitida (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 23, nom. inval.; ≡ Pronephrium nitidum Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 109; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048. = Cyclosorus urophyllus auct. non (Mett.) Tardieu ex Tardieu & C.Chr.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 373, excl. loc. Malacca. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, South Cotabato. Native.

Amauropelta Kunze

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Amauropelta beddomei (Baker) Y.H.Chang, Taiwania 64 (2019) 380; ≡ Parathelypteris beddomei (Baker) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 302; ≡ Lastrea beddomei (Baker) Bedd., Ferns Brit. Ind. Corr. 2(supp. 16) (1870); ≡ Nephrodium beddomei Baker, Syn. Fil. (Hooker & Baker) (1867) 267. = Lastrea eugracilis Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 138. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Japan, Java, Korea, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan. MINDANAO. Native.
Amauropelta glanduligera (Kunze) Y.H.Chang, Taiwania 64 (2019) 380; ≡ Parathelypteris glanduligera (Kunze) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 301; ≡ Aspidium glanduligerum Kunze, Anal. (1837) 44. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON. Native.
Amauropelta grammitoides (Christ) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 28; ≡ Parathelypteris grammitoides (Christ) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 302; ≡ Lastrea grammitoides (Christ) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 320; ≡ Aspidium grammitoides Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier 6 (1898) 193. Distribution: Japan, Java, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls. LUZON. Native.

Amblovenatum J.P.Roux

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 8 January 2023

Amblovenatum attenuatum (Kuntze) Barcelona & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 97; ≡ Amphineuron attenuatum (Kuntze) Holttum, Blumea 23 (1977) 215; ≡ Dryopteris attenuata Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812; Type: Cuming 327 (B, BM, BRI, E, G, K, L, LE, P, SING, UC, US, syn), Samar: 1841. = Cyclosorus alatellus auct. non (Christ) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 341, excl. syn. Lastrea erubescens. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
Amblovenatum immersum (Blume) Mazumdar, Int. J. Adv. Res. Innov. Ideas Educ. 3 (2017) 5060; ≡ Amphineuron immersum (Blume) Holttum in B.K.Nayar & S.Kaur, Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India (1974) 203; ≡ Lastrea immersa (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1857) 89; ≡ Aspidium immersum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 156. = Lastrea verrucosa (Kunze) J.Sm. ex C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6 (1851) 36; ≡ Aspidium verrucosum Kunze, Bot. Zeit. (1846) 473. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, China, ?India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines, Laguna, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Sultan Kudarat, Surigao, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
Amblovenatum opulentum (Kaulf.) J.P.Roux, Strelitzia 23 (2009) 201; ≡ Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulf.) Fosberg in Fosberg & Sachet, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 8 (1972) 3; ≡ Amphineuron opulentum (Kaulf.) Holttum, Blumea 19 (1971) 45; ≡ Aspidium opulentum Kaulf., Enum. Filic. (1824) 238. = Cyclosorus extensus (Blume) H.Ito, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 51 (1937) 713; ≡ Aspidium extensum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 156. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Borneo, China, India, Indian Ocean, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BALABAC, LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Native.
Amblovenatum terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) J.P.Roux, Strelitzia 23 (2009) 201; ≡ Amphineuron terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Holttum, Amer. Fern J. 63 (1973) 82; ≡ Nephrodium terminans J.Sm. ex Hook., Sp. Fil. 4 (1862) 73. = Thelypteris wagneri Fosberg & Sachet, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 8 (1972) 6. = Cyclosorus interruptus auct. non (Willd.) H.Ito; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 361. Distribution: BALABAC, BOHOL, CULION, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Batangas, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Sultan Kudarat, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, MULIGI, PALAWAN. Notes: Sri Lanka to Polynesia. Throughout the Philippines in the more seasonal regions. Terrestrial, common in thickets on hillsides and in valleys at low and medium elevation. Native.

Ampelopteris Kunze

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 6 February 2022

Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 144; ≡ Hemionitis prolifera Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 38. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, Davao del Norte, Zamboanga. Notes: Terrestrial, often forming mats or tangles in swampy sites, lake margins or river embankments. Low elevation. Native.

Chingia Holttum

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2023

Chingia christii (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 25; ≡ Cyclosorus christii Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 362. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.
Chingia clavipilosa Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 23. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao. Native.
- var. clavipilosa. Distribution: Borneo, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines. Native.
Chingia ferox (Blume) Holttum, Blumea 19 (1971) 31; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Cyclosorus ferox (Blume) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 167; ≡ Aspidium ferox Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 153. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Taiwan. BOHOL, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Cavite, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.
Chingia paucipaleata Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 26. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11 as Cyclosorus paucipaleatus (Holttum) Mazumdar & Mukhop.). Native.
Chingia pricei Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 22. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Chingia tenerior Holttum, Fl. Males. Ser. 2, 1 (1982) 395; Type: Ramos BS 33066 (P, US), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Baguio. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
Chingia urens Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 28. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Batangas, Laguna, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Christella H.Lév.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2023

Christella acuminata (Houtt.) Holttum, Webbia 30 (1976) 192; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; ≡ Cyclosorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Nakai, Misc. Papers Japan. Pl. Thunb. (15) (1935); Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 189, isonym; ≡ ?Polypodium acuminatum Houtt., Nat. Hist. 2 (1783) 181. Distribution: China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Vietnam. BABUYAN ISLS, DALUPIRI, LUZON: Cagayan, MINDANAO: South Cotabato. Native.
Christella arida (D.Don) Holttum, Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India (1974) 206; ≡ Cyclosorus aridus (D.Don) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 194; ≡ Aspidium aridum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 4. Distribution: Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy, Brit. Fern Gaz. 10 (1973) 338; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Cyclosorus dentatus (Forssk.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 206; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 337; ≡ Polypodium dentatum Forssk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. (1775) 185. = Cyclosorus mindanaensis (Christ) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 246; Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 143; ≡ Dryopteris mindanaensis Christ, PJS 2 (1907) 194. Distribution: Pantropic. BASILAN, CAMIGUIN, CULION, LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Surigao, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. Terrestrial in exposed sites, light forests, along stream embankments, etc. Common at low elevation. Native.
Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum, Kew Bull. 31 (1976) 312; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Aspidium hispidulum Decne., Nouv. Ann. Mus. 3 (1834) 346. = Christella quadrangularis (Fée) Holttum, Companion Beddome's Handb. Ferns Brit. India (1974) 207; ≡ Nephrodium quadrangulare Fée, Gen. Fil. (1852) 308. = Cyclosorus falcatulus (Christ) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 339; ≡ Dryopteris parasitica var. falcatula Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 197. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Borneo, C America, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, S America, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Vietnam. BASILAN, LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Native.
Christella parasitica (L.) H.Lév. ex Y.H.Chang, Taiwania 64 (2019) 380; H.Lév., Fl. Kouy-Tcheou (1915) 473; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Polypodium parasiticum L., Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 1090. = Cyclosorus dentatus auct. non (Forssk.) Ching; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 337, pro parte. = Cyclosorus benguetensis Copel., 81 (1952) 28. = Cyclosorus procurrens (Mett.) Copel., Fern. Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 340; ≡ Aspidium procurrens Mett., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1 (1864) 231. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Bangladesh, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, ?Pakistan, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, BOHOL, LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. Terrestrial, open sites and degraded habitats generally, along stream embankments. Native.
Christella subdentata Holttum, Kew Bull. 31 (1976) 335. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUBANG, LUZON, MINDORO. Native.
Christella subpubescens (Blume) Holttum, Webbia 30 (1976) 193; ≡ Cyclosorus subpubescens (Blume) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 211; ≡ Aspidium subpubescens Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 149. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, ?New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Batangas, Bulacan, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Rizal, PALAWAN. Native.

Coryphopteris Holttum

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2023

Coryphopteris borealis Holttum, Blumea 23 (1976) 35. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Coryphopteris dura (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 23 (1976) 44; ≡ Lastrea dura (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 138; ≡ Dryopteris dura Copel., LPB 3 (1910) 805. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
Coryphopteris pubirachis (Baker) Holttum, Blumea 23 (1976) 37. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Bataan, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
- var. philippinensis Holttum, Blumea 23 (1976) 37; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160. = Lastrea viscosa auct. non (Baker) J.Sm. ex Bedd.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 324, pro specim. philipp. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Widespread in the Philippines. Native.
Coryphopteris squamipes (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 23 (1976) 35; ≡ Lastrea squamipes (Copel.) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 325; ≡ Dryopteris squamipes Copel., PJS 56 (1935) 99. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Cyclogramma Tagawa

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 22 April 2019

Cyclogramma auriculata (J.Sm.) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 317; ≡ Cyclosorus auriculatus (J.Sm.) C.M.Kuo, Taiwania 47 ((2002)) 171; ≡ Phegopteris auriculata J.Sm., Hist. Fil. (1875) 233. = Thelypteris simulans Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 6 (1936) 280. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Java, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Cyclosorus Link

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 22 April 2019

Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H.Ito, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 51 (1937) 714; ≡ Pteris interrupta Willd., Phytographia (1794) 13. = Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link, Hort. Berol. 3 (1833) 128, as 'goggilodus'. Distribution: Africa, America, Andaman Isls, Australasia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Indian Ocean, Japan, Java, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Native.

Grypothrix (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Grypothrix cuspidata (Blume) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 47; ≡ Pronephrium cuspidatum (Blume) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 123; ≡ Cyclosorus cuspidatus (Blume) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Meniscium cuspidatum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 114. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra. SAMAR. Native.
Grypothrix ramosii (Christ) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 47; ≡ Pronephrium ramosii (Christ) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 537; ≡ Dryopteris ramosii Christ, PJS c 2 (1907) 203. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO. Notes: Luzon to Mindanao. Native.
- var. ramosii. = Cyclosorus cuspidatus auct. non (Blume) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 375, excl. syn. Native.
Grypothrix triphylla (Sw.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 48; ≡ Pronephrium triphyllum (Sw.) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 122; ≡ Cyclosorus triphyllus (Sw.) Tardieu, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7 (1938) 77; ≡ Meniscium triphyllum Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) (1800) 16. Distribution: Australia, Bangladesh, Borneo, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Native.

Leptogramma J.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 4 May 2022

Leptogramma dissitifolia (Holttum) Y.H.Chang & L.Y.Kuo, Cladistics 36 (2019) 178; ≡ Stegnogramma dissitifolia Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 543. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
Leptogramma gymnocarpa (Copel.) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 318; ≡ Stegnogramma gymnocarpa (Copel.) K.Iwats., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 19 (1963) 122; ≡ Lastrea gymnocarpa (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 139; ≡ Dryopteris gymnocarpa Copel., LPB 3 (1910) 807. Distribution: Philippines, ?Sulawesi. MINDANAO. Native.

Macrothelypteris Ching

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 22 April 2019

Macrothelypteris polypodioides (Hook.) Holttum, Blumea 17 (1969) 29; ≡ Alsophila polypodioides Hook. in Nightingale, Oceanic Sketches (1835) 131. = Lastrea leucolepis C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 39. Distribution: Australia, India, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 310; ≡ Lastrea torresiana (Gaudich.) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1858) 106; ≡ Polystichum torresianum Gaudich., Voy. Uranie (Freycinet) (1828) 333. Distribution: Australasia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Indian Ocean, Japan, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. BATANES, BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.

Menisciopsis (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 1 February 2023

Menisciopsis rubida (J.Sm. ex Hook.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 53; ≡ Pronephrium rubidum (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 111; ≡ Cyclosorus rubidus (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 375; ≡ Polypodium rubidum Hook., Sp. Fil. 5 (1863) 12. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (photos), PALAWAN. Native.

Mesophlebion Holttum

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 4 July 2022

Mesophlebion crassifolium (Blume) Holttum, Blumea 22: 232 (1975); ≡ Lastrea crassifolia (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. 5 (1858) 89; ≡ Aspidium crassifolium Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 158. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Native.
Mesophlebion rufescens Holttum, Blumea 22 (1975) 230. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON. Native.

Metathelypteris Ching

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 21 April 2019

Metathelypteris dayi (Bedd.) Holttum, Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India (1974) 205; ≡ Nephrodium dayi Bedd., J. Bot. 25 (1887) 323. = Thelypteris singalanensis auct. non (Baker) Ching; sensu Holttum. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Laguna, MINDANAO, NEGROS. Native.
Metathelypteris gracilescens (Blume) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 305; ≡ Lastrea gracilescens (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1858) 93; ≡ Aspidium gracilescens Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 155. = Lastrea calva (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 138; ≡ Dryopteris calva Copel., LPB 3 (1910) 808. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO. Native.
Metathelypteris uraiensis (Rosenst.) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 306; ≡ Dryopteris uraiensis Rosenst., Hedwigia 56 (1915) 341. Distribution: China, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Native.

Phegopteris Fée

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Phegopteris decursive-pinnata (H.C.Hall) Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. 242 (1850) t.20; ≡ Polypodium decursive-pinnatum H.C.Hall, Nieuwe Verh. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wet. 5 (1836) 204. Distribution: China, India, Japan, Java, Korea, Nepal, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Vietnam. BATAN. Notes: Known only from one collection on Mt Iraya, Batan Isl, Batanes (Barcelona 990). Native.

Plesioneuron (Holttum) Holttum

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2023

Plesioneuron ligulatum (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 67; ≡ Pneumatopteris ligulata (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 320; ≡ Lastrea ligulata J.Sm. ex C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1849) 35. = Lastrea foxii (Christ) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 328. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO, PALAWAN. Notes: Luzon to Palawan and Mindanao. Native.
Plesioneuron savaiense (Baker) Holttum, Blumea 22 (1975) 240; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Nephrodium savaiense Baker, Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5 (1891) 318. = Lastrea quadriaurita (Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 139; ≡ Dryopteris quadriaurita Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 209. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Native.

Pneumatopteris Nakai

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Pneumatopteris glabra (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 301; ≡ Cyclosorus glaber Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 34. = Cyclosorus viridis Copel., 81 (1952) 35. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, Davao Oriental, SAMAR. Native.
Pneumatopteris lithophila Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 422. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, SAMAR. Native.

Pronephrium C.Presl

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 July 2022

Pronephrium amphitrichum Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 521; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
Pronephrium aoristisorum (Harr.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 72; ≡ Nannothelypteris aoristisora (Harr.) Holttum, Blumea 19 (1971) 38; ≡ Cyclosorus aoristisorus (Harr.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Polypodium aoristisorum Harr., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16 (1877) 30. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, PANAY. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Pronephrium camarinense (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 72; ≡ Nannothelypteris camarinensis Holttum, Kalikasan 5 (1976) 119. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Nannothelypteris camarinensis). Native.
Pronephrium clemensiae (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 118; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Cyclosorus clemensiae (Copel.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 243; ≡ Dryopteris clemensiae Copel., PJS 46 (1931) 213. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
- var. clemensiae. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
- var. degenerum (Christ) Holttum, Fl. Males. Ser. 2,1 (1982) 522; ≡ Cyclosorus degener (Christ) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. (1960) 356; ≡ Dryopteris canescens var. degener Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 199. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
Pronephrium granulosum (C.Presl) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 119; ≡ Cyclosorus granulosus (C.Presl) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 373; ≡ Polypodium granulosum C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1825) 24. = Cyclosorus subdimorphus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 38. Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines. BALABAC, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Laguna, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.
Pronephrium hosei (Baker) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 120; ≡ Cyclosorus hosei (Baker) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Meniscium hosei Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22 (1886) 230. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Pronephrium inaequilobatum (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 72; ≡ Nannothelypteris inaequilobata Holttum, Kalikasan 2 (1973) 67. = Lastrea nervosa auct. non (Fée) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 323, pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Nannothelypteris inaequilobatum). Native.
Pronephrium lineatum (Blume) C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 259; ≡ Aspidium lineatum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 144. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Moluccas, Philippines. BALABAC, PALAWAN, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
Pronephrium menisciicarpon (Blume) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 111; ≡ Aspidium menisciicarpon Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 142. = Cyclosorus latifolius (C.Presl) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 370; ≡ Nephrodium latifolium C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 45. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, ?Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, LEYTE, SAMAR. Native.
Pronephrium merrillii (Christ) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 117; ≡ Cyclosorus merrillii (Christ) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 246; ≡ Dryopteris merrillii Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 201. = Pronephrium balabacensis P.M.Zamora & Co, Nat. Appl. Sci. Bull. 32 (1980) 45. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, PALAWAN. Native.
Pronephrium nervosum (Fée) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 72; ≡ Nannothelypteris nervosa (Fée) Holttum, Kalikasan 2 (1973) 66; ≡ Lastrea nervosa (Fée) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 323; ≡ Phegopteris nervosa Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1850-52) 244. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO, SAMAR. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Nannothelypteris nervosa). Native.
Pronephrium philippinum (C.Presl) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 72; ≡ Nannothelypteris philippina (C.Presl) Holttum, Kalikasan 2 (1973) 66; ≡ Physematium philippinum C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 34. = Lastrea confusa (Copel.) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 324; ≡ Dryopteris confusa Copel., PJS c 6 (1911) 146. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Nannothelypteris philippina). Native.
Pronephrium rhombeum (Christ) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 120; ≡ Cyclosorus rhombeus (Christ) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 192. = Cyclosorus lanceola (Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Dryopteris diversiloba subvar. lanceola Christ, PJC 2 c (1907) 200. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Luzon to Mindanao. Native.
Pronephrium samarense (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 119; ≡ Cyclosorus samarensis Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 35. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.
Pronephrium solsonicum Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 197. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Pronephrium trachyphyllum Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 525. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Native.
Pronephrium xiphioides (Christ) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 119; ≡ Cyclosorus xiphioides (Christ) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 250; ≡ Dryopteris xiphioides Christ, PJS c 2 (1907) 201. = Cyclosorus edanyoi Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 37. = Cyclosorus rhombeus auct. non (Christ) Ching; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 357, pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.

Pseudocyclosorus Ching

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 4 July 2022

Pseudocyclosorus tylodes (Kunze) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 323; ≡ Lastrea tylodes (Kunze) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1858) 107; ≡ Aspidium tylodes Kunze, Linnaea 24 (1851) 281, as ‘xylodes’; Li et al., Phytotaxa 424 (2019) 204; Type: from India. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Native.

Pseudophegopteris Ching

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Pseudophegopteris aurita (Hook.) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 314; ≡ Phegopteris aurita (Hook.) J.Sm., Cat. cult. Ferns (1857) 17; ≡ Gymnogramma aurita Hook., Icon. Pl. 6 (1854) t. 974. Distribution: Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Native.
Pseudophegopteris paludosa (Blume) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8 (1963) 315; ≡ Phegopteris paludosa (Blume) J.Sm., Hist. Fil. (1875) 233; ≡ Aspidium paludosum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 168. = Lastrea pyrrhorhachis auct. non (Kunze) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philipp. (1960) 330, pro parte. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, ?Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, ?Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.

Possibly present

Pseudophegopteris microstegia (Hook.) Ching, Fl. Xizang. 1 (1983) 162; ≡ Phegopteris microstegia (Hook.) Christenh., The Global Flora, Special edition, part 1 (2018) 25; ≡ Nephrodium microstegium Hook., Sp. 4 (1862) 119.
- ssp. microstegia. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, ?Philippines, Tibet, Vietnam.

Reholttumia S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2023

Reholttumia costata (Brack.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 77; ≡ Pneumatopteris costata (Brack.) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 305; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Goniopteris costata Brack., U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16 (1854) 28. = Lastrea cavitensis Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 26. Distribution: Australia, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
Reholttumia laevis (Mett.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 78; ≡ Pneumatopteris laevis (Mett.) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 308; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Aspidium laeve Mett., Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2 (1858) 388. = Cyclosorus nitidulus auct. non (C.Presl) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 364, pro parte. = Cyclosorus microlonchus auct. non (Christ) Ching; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 366, pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
Reholttumia michaelis (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 78; ≡ Pneumatopteris michaelis Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 313. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
Reholttumia nitidula (C.Presl) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 78; ≡ Pneumatopteris nitidula (C.Presl) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 318; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Cyclosorus nitidulus (C.Presl) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 364; ≡ Nephrodium nitidulum C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 46; Type: Cuming s.n. (BM, PRC), Philippines, 1849. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, SAMAR. Notes: Luzon to Mindanao. Native.
Reholttumia truncata (Poir.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 78; ≡ Pneumatopteris truncata (Poir.) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 314; ≡ Cyclosorus truncatus (Poir.) Farw., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12 (1931) 259; ≡ Polypodium truncatum Poir., Encycl. 5 (1804) 534. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, ?Cambodia, China, India, Indian Ocean, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Native.

Sphaerostephanos J.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2023

Sphaerostephanos acrostichoides (Desv.) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 456; ≡ Nephrodium acrostichoides Desv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6 (1827) 255. = Sphaerostephanos smithianus (C.Presl) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 65; ≡ Nephrodium smithianum C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 46. = Cyclosorus boholensis Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 31. = Cyclosorus productus auct. non (Kaulf.) Ching; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 348, pro parte. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Bataan, Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO. Native.
Sphaerostephanos alcasidii Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 503. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Native.
Sphaerostephanos angustifolius (C.Presl) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 66; ≡ Cyclosorus angustifolius (C.Presl) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 349; ≡ Nephrodium angustifolium C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 48. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Zambales. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos appendiculatus (Blume) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 62; ≡ Gymnogramma appendiculata Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) Add. Distribution: Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Quezon, NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos bakeri (Harr.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 81; ≡ Pronephrium bakeri (Harr.) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 516; ≡ Haplodictyum bakeri (Harr.) Ching, Sunyatsenia 5 (1940) 251; ≡ Cyclosorus bakeri (Harr.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Nephrodium bakeri Harr., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16 (1877) 29. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
Sphaerostephanos bulusanicus (Holttum) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 81; ≡ Pronephrium bulusanicum (Holttum) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 515; ≡ Haplodictyum bulusanicum Holttum, Kalikasan 2 (1973) 61. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Pronephrium bulusanicum). Native.
Sphaerostephanos cartilagidens P.M.Zamora & Co, Nat. Appl. Sc. Bull. Univ. Philipp. 32 (1980) 43. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos convergens Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 477. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.
Sphaerostephanos dichrotrichoides (Alderw.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 65; ≡ Lastrea dichrotrichoides (Alderw.) Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 329; ≡ Dryopteris dichrotrichoides Alderw., Mal. Ferns Suppl. Corr. (1917) 48. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, ?PANAY. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos diminutus (Copel.) M.G.Price, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 17 (1990) 277; ≡ Cyclosorus diminutus (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Pronephrium diminutum (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 115; ≡ Dryopteris diminuta Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 298. = Sphaerostephanos lucbanii Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 463. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
Sphaerostephanos diversilobus (C.Presl) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 57; ≡ Cyclosorus diversilobus (C.Presl) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 244; ≡ Nephrodium diversilobum C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 47. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Rizal, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
Sphaerostephanos ellipticus (Rosenst.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 66; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; ≡ Cyclosorus ellipticus (Rosenst.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Dryopteris elliptica Rosenst., Meded. Rijks-Herb. 31 (1917) 6. = Sphaerostephanos ellipticus var. glabrior Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 475. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, South Cotabato, Zamboanga Sibugay, NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos erectus (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 64; ≡ Cyclosorus erectus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 30. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE. Native.
Sphaerostephanos foxworthyi Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 475. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Native.
Sphaerostephanos grandescens Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 465. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
Sphaerostephanos hernaezii Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 459. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos heterocarpos (Blume) Holttum in B.K.Nayar & S.Kaur, Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India (1974) 209; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Aspidium heterocarpon Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 155. Distribution: ?Andaman Isls, Australia, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, ?Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Eight variants of this polymorphic species were enumerated (but no formal names given) by Holttum in the his FM revision. Two are definitely occurring in the Philippines, while another 2 resembles those ascribed to Borneo and New Guinea forms. Thus: -Mindanao form -Luzon form [as Cyclosorus bordenii (Christ) Ching in ‘Fern Flora’]. From Palawan is one collection resembling the Borneo form, while another one from San Ramon, Zamboanga is nearer to the New Guinea form. Native.
Sphaerostephanos heterophyllus (C.Presl) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 82; ≡ Pronephrium heterophyllum (C.Presl) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 515; ≡ Haplodictyum heterophyllum C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 51. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO, SAMAR. Native.
Sphaerostephanos hirsutus (Kunze ex Mett.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 63; ≡ Aspidium hirsutum Kunze ex Mett., Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2 (1858) 391. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BATANES, BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.
- var. hirsutus. = Cyclosorus adenophorus (C.Chr.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 242; ≡ Dryopteris adenophora C.Chr., Index Filic. (1905) 251. Native.
Sphaerostephanos irayensis (Copel.) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 495; ≡ Plesioneuron irayense (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 22 (1975) 239; ≡ Cyclosorus irayensis Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 28; Type: Ramos BS 80344 (MICH, SING), Batanes: Mt Iraya. = Sphaerostephanos fenixii Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 55; Type: Fenix BS 3780 (P, US), Batanes. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATAN, BATANES. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos lastreoides (C.Presl) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 54; ≡ Pronephrium lastreoides C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 259. = Cyclosorus duplosetosus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 31. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Native.
Sphaerostephanos latebrosus (Kunze ex Mett.) Holttum in B.K.Nayar & S.Kaur, Companion Handb. Ferns Brit. India (1974) 209; ≡ Aspidium latebrosum Kunze, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 6 (1848) 261. = Sphaerostephanos todayensis (Christ) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 58; ≡ Cyclosorus todayensis (Christ) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 249; ≡ Dryopteris todayensis Christ, PJS c 2 (1907) 193. = Cyclosorus sagittifolioides Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 29. = Cyclosorus halconensis Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 29. = Cyclosorus polypterus Copel., PJS 84 (1955) 161. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Malay Peninsula, Nepal, Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Laguna, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Native.
Sphaerostephanos lobatus (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 64; ≡ Cyclosorus lobatus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 33. = Cyclosorus bordenii auct. non (Christ) Ching; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 345, pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
Sphaerostephanos loherianus (Christ) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 61; ≡ Cyclosorus loherianus (Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Aspidium loherianum Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier 6 (1898) 191. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Pampanga, Rizal, Zambales. Native.
Sphaerostephanos magnus (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 61; ≡ Cyclosorus magnus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 30. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos major (Copel.) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 464; ≡ Haplodictyum majus Copel., LPB 9 (1920) 3110. = Cyclosorus dimorphus Copel., PJS 83 (1954) 99, nom. illeg., non (Brause) Copel. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Isabela, Quezon, Sorsogon. Native.
Sphaerostephanos melanophlebius (Copel.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 82; ≡ Pronephrium melanophlebium (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 20 (1972) 108; ≡ Cyclosorus melanophlebius (Copel.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 246; ≡ Dryopteris melanophlebia Copel., PJS c 6 (1911) 147. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. ?LUZON, MINDANAO, NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos microlonchus (Christ) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 82; ≡ Pneumatopteris microloncha (Christ) Holttum, Blumea 21 (1973) 308; ≡ Cyclosorus microlonchus (Christ) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 246; ≡ Dryopteris microloncha Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 202. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos norrisii (Rosenst.) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 485; ≡ Dryopteris norrisii Rosenst., Meded. Rijks-Herb. 31 (1917) 8. = Sphaerostephanos elmerorum (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 55; ≡ Cyclosorus elmerorum (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Dryopteris elmerorum Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 295. = Cyclosorus ellipticus auct. non (Rosenst.) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 351, pro parte. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Sarangani, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
Sphaerostephanos perglanduliferus (Alderw.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 59; ≡ Dryopteris perglandulifera Alderw., Bull. Buit. III. 2 (1920) 150. Distribution: Borneo, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos polisianus Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 65. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Native.
Sphaerostephanos polycarpus (Blume) Copel., Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16 (1929) 60; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Aspidium polycarpon Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 156. = Sphaerostephanos asplenioides J.Sm. in Hook. & Baker, Gen. Fil. (1839) t. 24. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, Davao del Sur. Native.
Sphaerostephanos porphyricola (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 59; ≡ Cyclosorus porphyricola (Copel.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 248; ≡ Dryopteris porphyricola Copel., PJS c 7 (1912) 60. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Philippines. SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
Sphaerostephanos productus (Kaulf.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 59; ≡ Cyclosorus productus (Kaulf.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 248; ≡ Aspidium productum Kaulf., Enum. Filic. (1824) 237. = Cyclosorus serratus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 36. = Cyclosorus weberi Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 36. = Cyclosorus rigidus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 27, nom. illeg., non (Ridl.) Copel. = Cyclosorus leucadenius Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 27. = Sphaerostephanos punctatus Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 60. = Cyclosorus megaphyllus auct. non (Mett.) Ching; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 367. = Cyclosorus nitidulus auct. non (C.Presl) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 364, pro parte. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, ROMBLON, SAMAR. Notes: Luzon to Mindanao. Native.
Sphaerostephanos santomasii Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 62. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Native.
Sphaerostephanos sessilipinna (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 53; ≡ Cyclosorus sessilipinnus (Copel.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10 (1941) 249; ≡ Dryopteris sessilipinna Copel., PJS c 6 (1911) 145. = Cyclosorus austrophilippinus (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 142; ≡ Dryopteris austrophilippina Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 300. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LUZON: Kalinga, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
Sphaerostephanos simplicifolius (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 61; ≡ Cyclosorus simplicifolius (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Copel., J. Arnold Arbor. 30 (1949) 438; ≡ Aspidium simplicifolium J.Sm. ex Hook., Icon. Pl. 6 (1854) t. 919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, SAMAR. Native.
Sphaerostephanos spenceri (Christ) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 58; ≡ Cyclosorus spenceri (Copel. ex Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 143; ≡ Dryopteris spenceri Copel. ex Christ, PJS c 2 (1907) 206. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos stenodontus (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 56; ≡ Cyclosorus stenodontus Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 28. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos subcordatus Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 469. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.
Sphaerostephanos tephrophyllus (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 58; ≡ Cyclosorus tephrophyllus (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 143; ≡ Dryopteris tephrophylla Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 296. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Sphaerostephanos urdanetensis (Copel.) Holttum, Fl. Males., Ser. 2, Pterid. 1 (1982) 467; ≡ Cyclosorus urdanetensis (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 143; ≡ Dryopteris urdanetensis Copel., LPB Bot. 5 (1913) 1682. = Cyclosorus matutumensis (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 143; ≡ Dryopteris matutumensis Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 299. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Sarangani, South Cotabato. Native.
Sphaerostephanos williamsii (Copel.) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 53; ≡ Lastrea williamsii (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 140; ≡ Dryopteris williamsii Copel., Brittonia 1 (1931) 67. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Incertae sedis

Sphaerostephanos mindorensis Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 54; Type: M.G.Price 690 (K, holotype; isotype in PNH). Mindoro: Mt Halcon, in forest, 750m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Known from two collections from the type locality. Not accounted for in Holltum’s Flora Malesiana revision. Native.

Strophocaulon S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 3 May 2022

Strophocaulon unitum (L.) S.E.Fawc. & A.R.Sm., Sida, Bot. Misc. 59 (2021) 88; ≡ Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum, J. S. African Bot. 40 (1974) 165; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160; ≡ Cyclosorus unitus (L.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 192; ≡ Polypodium unitum L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2 (1759) 1326. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Borneo, India, Indian Ocean, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. Terrestrial. Degraded habitats generally, along waterways, etc. at low to medium elevation. Very common. Native.
- ssp. unitum. Native.
- ssp. mucronatum (Christ) ined.; ≡ Dryopteris cucullata var. mucronata Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 195. Native.

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