Tectariaceae

Arthropteridaceae

Arthropteris J.Sm. ex Hook.f.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 6 August 2022
  1. Arthropteris articulata (Brack.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr), Suppl. Tert. (1934) 26; Hovenkamp & Leonardía, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 4 (2012) 146; ≡ Lastrea articulata Brack., U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. (1854) 191. = Arthropteris wollastonii (Ridl.) Holttum, Blumea 14 (1966) 229; ≡ Polypodium wollastonii Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9 (1916) 262. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: 0-1100m. Native.
  2. Arthropteris palisotii (Desv.) Alston, Bol. Soc. Brot., 2nd Sér. 30 (1956) 6; Hovenkamp & Leonardía, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 4 (2012) 147; ≡ Aspidium palisotii Desv., Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 5 (1811) 320. = Arthropteris obliterata (R.Br.) J.Sm., Cult. Ferns (1857) 62; ≡ Nephrodium obliteratum R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. (1810) 148. = Arthropteris glabra Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 178. = Arthropteris repens (Brack.) C.Chr., Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 177 (1943) 48; ≡ Nephrolepis repens Brack., U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. (1854) 209. = Nephrolepis trichomanoides J.Sm. ex C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 404; Type: Cuming 101 (L, P), Philippines. = ?Arthropteris beckleri (Hook.) Mett., Reise Novara 1 (1870) 213. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Borneo, China, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BALABAC, BASILAN, LUZON: Aurora, Bulacan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MALAMAWI, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Pelser (6-Aug-22): Arthropteris palisotii forms a species complex that includes plants from the Philippines previously identified as Arthropteris beckleri. Research is needed to resolve this species complex. Native.

Polydictyum C.Presl

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 19 July 2019
  1. Polydictyum menyanthidis (C.Presl.) C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 413; ≡ Tectaria menyanthidis (C.Presl) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 414; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 88; ≡ Aspidium menyanthidis C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1825) 28. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.

Tectaria Cav.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 December 2023
  1. Tectaria adenophora Copel., LPB 4 (1911) 1151; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 56. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, LUZON: Zambales, SIBUYAN. DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.
  2. Tectaria aenigma C.W.Chen & C.J.Rothf., J. Pl. Res. 131 (2017) 74; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 103; ≡ Aenigmopteris dubia (Copel.) Holttum, Blumea 30 (1984) 4; ≡ Ctenitis dubia (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (Copel.) (1947) 124; ≡ Dryopteris dubia Copel., LPB 1 (1907) 235. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Norte, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial. 850-1200m. Native.
  3. Tectaria angulata (Willd.) Copel., Sarawak Mus. J. 2 (1917) 370; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 85; ≡ Polypodium angulatum Willd., Sp. Pl., 4th Ed. 5 (1810) 185. = Tectaria trifolia (Alderw.) C.Chr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66 (1934) 49; ≡ Aspidium trifolium Alderw., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 2nd Sér. 7 (1912) 4. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, BOHOL, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
  4. Tectaria aspidioides (C.Presl) Copel., PJS 38 (1929) 137; ≡ Heterogonium aspidioides C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 503; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 112. Distribution: ?Borneo, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BOHOL, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan (photos), Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: 0-700m. Native.
  5. Tectaria athyriosora M.G.Price, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 113; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 69; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 160. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: On limestone. Native.
  6. Tectaria aurita (Sw.) S.Chandra, Kalikasan 12 (1983) 157; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 49; ≡ Stenosemia aurita (Sw.) C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 237; ≡ Acrostichum auritum Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800 (1801) 12. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BOHOL, CEBU, JOLO, LUZON: Aurora, Batangas, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, South Cotabato, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos), SAMAR. Native.
  7. Tectaria barberi (Hook.) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 414; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 52; ≡ Polypodium barberi Hook., Sp. Fil. 5 (1864) 100. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Lowland forest. Native.
  8. Tectaria beccariana (Ces.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr), Suppl. Tert. (1934) 177; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 93; ≡ Polypodium beccarianum Ces., Rendiconti Reale Accad. Sci. Fis. 16 (1877) 30. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Low to medium elevation. Native.
  9. Tectaria calcarea (J.Sm.) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 415; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 70; ≡ Sagenia calcarea J.Sm., J. Bot. (Hooker) 3 (1841) 410. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Bulacan, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: On limestone. Native.
  10. Tectaria coadunata (J.Sm.) C.Chr., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26 (1931) 331; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 58; ≡ Sagenia coadunata J.Sm., J. Bot. (Hooker) 4 (1841) 184; ≡ Aspidium coadunatum Wall. ex Hook. & Grev., Icon. Filic. 2 (1831) t.202, nom. illeg., non Kaulf. = Tectaria christii Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 1151. Distribution: Africa, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, MINDORO. Notes: Usually on limestone. 1500m. Native.
  11. Tectaria crenata Cav., Descr. Pl. (Cavanilles) (1801) 250; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 80; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 39. = Tectaria grandifolia (C.Presl) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 413; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 314, pro parte. = Cardiochlaena sinuosa Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 316. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, ?Vietnam. LUZON: Isabela (photos), PALAWAN, ROMBLON, SAMAR. Native.
  12. Tectaria decurrens (C.Presl) Copel., LPB 1 (1907) 234; Copeland, LPB 2 (1908) 392; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 90; ≡ Aspidium decurrens C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1825) 28. = Tectaria peralata Copel., PJS 83 (1954) 98. = Cardiochlaena alata Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 315. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, GENERAL ISLAND, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela (photos), Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), Sarangani, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, ROMBLON, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: 750m to 950m (photos). Native.
  13. Tectaria dissecta (G.Forst.) Lellinger, Amer. Fern J. 58 (1968) 156; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 49; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; ≡ Ctenitis dissecta (G.Forst.) H.Itô., Nov. Fl. Jap. 4 (1939) 91; ≡ Polypodium dissectum G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. (1786) 81. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan. BATAN, BATANES, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Abra, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela (photos), Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, MULIGI, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: 1000m. Native.
  14. Tectaria dolichosora Copel., PJS 38 (1929) 136; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 79. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, Quezon. Notes: Steep slopes near summits. 75m. Native.
  15. Tectaria griffithii (Baker) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr), Suppl. Tert. (1934) 180; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 54; ≡ Nephrodium griffithii Baker, Syn. Fil. (Hooker & Baker), 1st Ed. (1867) 300. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Luzon to Mindanao. Native.
  16. Tectaria hilocarpa (Fée) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 175; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 99; ≡ Leptochilus hilocarpus Fée, Mém. Foug., 2. Hist. Acrostich. (1845) 87. = Hemigramma latifolia (C.Presl ex Goldm.) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 406; ≡ Gymnopteris latifolia C.Presl ex Goldm., Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 1 (1843) 460. = Hemionitis gymnopteroidea Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 183. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. CEBU, CULION, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Sur (photos), Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
  17. Tectaria laxa (Copel.) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 1 (1972) 37; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 46; ≡ Ctenitis laxa Copel., PJS 83 (1954) 98. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Ilocos Norte. Notes: 80-1100m. Native.
  18. Tectaria lobbii (Hook.) Copel., PJS 10c (1915) 146; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 73; ≡ Aspidium lobbii Hook., Sp. Fil. 4 (1862) 59. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
    • var. lobbii. Distribution: BOHOL. Native.
  19. Tectaria macleanii (Copel.) S.Y.Dong, Phytotaxa 122 (2013) 62; ≡ Tectaridium macleanii Copel., PJS 30 (1926) 329; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 37; Type: Maclean & Catatan 84 (PNH, holo, lost; MICH, neo; CAS, isoneo), Luzon: Cagayan (West Mountain, Claveria), 29-Dec-1919. = Tectaridium primitivum Copel., PJS 30 (1926) 329; Type: Wenzel 876 (PNH, holo, lost; F, MO, NY, UC, iso), Leyte: Buenavista (Jaro), 9-Jun-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Quezon, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: 450-500m. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  20. Tectaria manilensis (C.Presl) Holttum, Indian Fern J. 1 (1984) 36; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 45; ≡ Lastreopsis manilensis (C.Presl) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 12 (1983) 155; ≡ Ctenitis manilensis (C.Presl) Holttum, Novit. Bot. Inst. Horto Bot. Univ. Carol. 1968 (1969) 36; ≡ Lastrea manilensis C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 76. = Ctenitis loheri (Christ) Copel., Fern Fl. Philipp. 2 (1960) 287; ≡ Athyrium loheri Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier, 2nd Sér. 6 (1906) 1001. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand. CALAMIANES, LUZON: Bulacan, Laguna, Rizal, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.
  21. Tectaria melanocaulos (Blume) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 416; Copeland, LPB 2 (1908) 392; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 66; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22048; Bada et al., J. Tropical Biol. & Conservation 20 (2023) 115; Cano-Mangaoang et al., Thailand Nat. Hist. Mus. J. 20 (2026) 97; ≡ Aspidium melanocaulon Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 161. = Cardiochlaena subpinnatifida Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 315. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, ?Vietnam. BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE (photos), LUZON: Cavite, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (photos), Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: 600-800m. Native.
  22. Tectaria membranacea (Hook.) Fraser-Jenk. & Kholia, Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 2 (2018) 392; ≡ Aspidium membranaceum Hook., Sp. Fil. 6 (1864) 105; Type: Cuming s.n. (K, lecto). = Tectaria devexa (Kunze ex Mett.) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 415; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 57; ≡ Aspidium devexum Kunze ex Mett., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1 (1864) 237. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Cagayan, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Maguindanao, ?South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.
  23. Tectaria mesodon (Copel.) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 1 (1972) 37; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 45; ≡ Ctenitis mesodon (Copel.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (Copel.) (1947) 124; ≡ Dryopteris mesodon Copel., PJS 7c (1912) 54. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte. Notes: 120m. Native.
  24. Tectaria mindanaensis (Holttum) C.W.Chen & C.J.Rothf., J. Pl. Res. 131 (2017) 74; ≡ Aenigmopteris mindanaensis Holttum, Blumea 30 (1984) 7; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 103. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  25. Tectaria multicaudata (C.B.Clarke) Ching, Sinensia 2 (1931) 20; ≡ Nephrodium multicaudatum C.B.Clarke, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1 (1880) 540. = Tectaria malayensis (Christ) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 416; ≡ Aspidium malayense Christ, PJS 2c (1907) 187. Distribution: Bangladesh, ?Cambodia, India, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, SAMAR. Native.
  26. Tectaria nayarii Mazumdar, Phytotaxa 153 (2014) 298; ≡ Heterogonium pinnatum (Copel.) Holttum, Sarawak Mus. J. 5 (1949) 163; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 115; ≡ Stenosemia pinnata Copel., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 146; Type: Copeland 1601 (MICH, holo), Mindanao: Zamboanga, San Ramon, 300ft, 8-Jan-1905. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Batangas, Cagayan, Isabela (photos), Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Sur (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos). Notes: 200m. Native.
  27. Tectaria polymorpha (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 413; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 87; ≡ Aspidium polymorphum Wall. ex Hook., Sp. Fil. 4 (1862) 54. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: 700m (photos). Native.
  28. Tectaria psomiocarpa S.Y.Dong, Phytotaxa 122 (2013) 63; ≡ Psomiocarpa apiifolia (J.Sm. ex Kunze) C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 521; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 101; ≡ Polybotrya apiifolia J.Sm. ex Kunze, Farrnkräuter 1 (1844) 142; Type: Cuming 26 (MICH, holo; E, MO, P, iso), Luzon: 1936-1940. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Cavite (photos), Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial in forest. 0-450m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  29. Tectaria ramosii (Copel.) Holttum, Fl. Males., 2nd Ser. 2 (1991) 46; ≡ Ctenitis ramosii Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 24. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, SAMAR. Notes: 0-300m. Native.
  30. Tectaria repanda (Willd.) Holttum, Fl. Males., 2nd Ser. 2 (1991) 80; ≡ Aspidium repandum Willd., Sp. Pl., 4th Ed. 5 (1810) 216. ≠ Tectaria crenata auct. non Cav.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 312, pro parte. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, ?Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BOHOL, CEBU, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, PALAWAN. Native.
  31. Tectaria sagenioides (Mett.) Christenh., Phytotaxa 10 (2010) 58; ≡ Heterogonium sagenioides (Mett.) Holttum, Sarawak Mus. J. 5 (1949) 161; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 108; ≡ Ctenitis sagenioides (Mett.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (Copel.) (1947) 124; ≡ Aspidium sagenioides Mett., Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2 (1858) 397. = Ctenitis obscura (Fée ex Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (Copel.) (1947) 124; ≡ Heterogonium obscurum (Fée ex Christ) Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 218; ≡ Phegopteris obscura Fée ex Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier, 1st Sér. 6 (1898) 196; ≡ Polypodium obscurum Hook., Sp. Fil. 4 (1862) 237, nom. illeg., non Mett. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: P.B. Pelser (8-Jan-23): Some sources appear to suggest that the basionym of Ctenitis obscura and Heterogonium obscurum is Nephrodium obscurum T.Moore, but the protologue of this name refers to Aspidium obscurum Blume, which appears to be a Thelypteridaceae species instead. 0-800m. Native.
  32. Tectaria samariana S.Y.Dong, Phytotaxa 178 (2014) 225; ≡ Heterogonium lobulatum Holttum, Blumea 35 (1991) 557; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 109; Type: Price & Hernaez 399 (K, holo; MICH, iso), Samar: western Samar. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Notes: Only known from the type. Native.
  33. Tectaria siifolia (Willd.) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 414; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 84; ≡ Polypodium siifolium Willd., Sp. Pl., 4th Ed. 5 (1810) 196. = Dryomenis phymatodes Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 225. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal (photos), MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, MULIGI. Native.
  34. Tectaria stalactica M.G.Price, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 116; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 95. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, POLILLO. DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  35. Tectaria subaequalis (Rosenst.) Copel., PJS 9c (1914) 5; ≡ Aspidium subaequale Rosenst., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12 (1913) 176. = Tectaria profereoides (Christ) S.Y.Dong, Phytotaxa 178 (2014) 226; ≡ Heterogonium profereoides (Christ) Copel., Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16 (1929) 61; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 113; ≡ Aspidium profereoides Christ, PJS 2c (1907) 158. ≠ Heterogonium aspidioides auct. non C.Presl; Holttum, Kalikasan 4 (1975) 224, pro parte. Distribution: Borneo, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: (?-)1000m. Native.
  36. Tectaria sulitii Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 26; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 91; Banaticla & Buot, Pl. Ecol. 180 (2005) 140. = Tectaria loheri Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 25. ≠ Tectaria grandifolia auct. non (C.Presl) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 314, pro parte. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BATAN, CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Surigao del Sur (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY, ROMBLON. Notes: According to Holttum (1991), there may be intermediates between this species and Tectaria crenata. 0-1200m. Native.
  37. Tectaria suluensis Holttum, Blumea 35 (1991) 556; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 77; Type: Kondo & Edaño 38624 (K, holo; SING, US, iso), Sulu: Siasi. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN, SIARGAO, SIASI, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
  38. Tectaria tabonensis M.G.Price, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 118; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 82. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, PALAWAN, PANAY. DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.
  39. Tectaria taccifolia (Fée) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 175; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 89; ≡ Hemigramma taccifolia (Fée) Copel., PJS 37 (1928) 406; ≡ Leptochilus taccifolius Fée, Mém. Foug., 2. Hist. Acrostich. (1845) 89; ≡ Gymnopteris taccifolia J.Sm., J. Bot. (Hooker) 3 (1841) 403, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Type: Cuming 357, Mindoro. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CULION, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Laguna, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN, PANAY (photos). Native.
  40. Tectaria trichotoma (Fée) Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 25 (1973) 180; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 46; ≡ Aspidium trichotomum Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 295. = Tectaria balabacensis (Christ) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 1 (1972) 37; ≡ Ctenitis balabacensis (Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (Copel.) (1947) 124. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Vietnam. BALABAC, LUZON: Quezon, PALAWAN, PANAY, ROMBLON, SIBUYAN. Notes: Petrophytic along rivers and streams in forests. 100-200m. Native.
  41. Tectaria trifida (Fée) M.G.Price, Amer. Fern J. 64 (1974) 31; Holttum, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 2 (1991) 88; ≡ Microsorum trifidum Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 269. = Tectaria irrigua (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) Copel., PJS 2c (1907) 413; ≡ Aspidium irriguum J.Sm. ex C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 422. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, SAMAR. Native.
  42. Tectaria weberi Copel., PJS 7c (1912) 54; ≡ Aspidium weberi (Copel.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr), Suppl. (1913) 9. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte. Native.
  43. Tectaria wenzelii (Copel.) S.Y.Dong, Phytotaxa 178 (2014) 227; ≡ Heterogonium wenzelii (Copel.) Holttum, Fl. Males., 2nd Ser. 2 (1991) 111; ≡ Ctenitis wenzelii Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 25. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, PALAWAN (photos). DAO category: Endangered. Native.

References