Symplocaceae

Cordyloblaste Hensch. ex Moritzi

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 February 2026

Cordyloblaste pendula (Wight) Alston, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(Suppl.) (1931) 188; ≡ Symplocos pendula Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. (Wight) 4 (1848) t.1237; Nooteboom, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 214. = Symplocos pendula var. hirtistylis (C.B.Clarke) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 42; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 215; ≡ Symplocos henschelii var. hirtistylis C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India 3 (1882) 588. = Symplocos confusa Brand, Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV, 242 (1901) 88; Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 3; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297. = Symplocos foxworthyi Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 3; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299. = Bobua confusa (Brand) Kaneh. & Sasaki, List Pl. Formosa (Sasaki) (1928) 330. Distribution: China, India, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam. DINAGAT (photos), LUZON: Mountain Province (photos), Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Misamis Oriental (photos), PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary and secondary montane and high montane mossy forests, often common on ridges. 600-3300m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1, as Symplocos pendula). Native.

Possibly present

Cordyloblaste henschelii Moritzi, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 6 (1848) 604; Leenh. in Adema et al., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1994) 646; ≡ Symplocos henschelii (Moritzi) Benth. ex C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India 3 (1882) 588; Nooteboom, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 214. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, ?Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. ?PALAWAN. Notes: (15-)600-2000m.
- var. henschelii. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, ?Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. ?PALAWAN. Notes: P.B. Pelser (27-Apr-24): Ridsdale SMHI 1695 (L) possibly represents this species in the Philippines. (130-)600-2000m.

Symplocos Jacq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 20 December 2023

Symplocos adenophylla Wall. ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4 (1837) 3; Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 9; Merrill, PJS 2c (1907) 298; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 121; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 239. = Symplocos adenophylla Wall. var. merrittii Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 7; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297. = Symplocos palawanensis Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 10; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 301. = Symplocos brandii Elmer, LPB 4 (1912) 1477. Distribution: China, Indochina, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand. MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: Throughout Malesia except Java (but found in Bawean Isl). 0-3000m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos celastrifolia Griff. ex C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India 3 (1882) 575; Merr., Univ. of Calif. Publ. Bot. 15 (1929) 248; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 138; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 244. = Symplocos hutchinsonii Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 109; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299. = Symplocos peninsularis Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 110. Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Throughout Malesia except Java. 0-300(-1900)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.Moore, J. Bot. 52 (1914) 148; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 141; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 245; ≡ Dicalyx cochinchinensis Lour., Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 663. Distribution: DINAGAT, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-2600(-3000)m. Native.
- var. cochinchinensis. Distribution: China, India, Indochina, Japan, Moluccas, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Ifugao. Notes: Throughout Malesia except the Lesser Sunda Isls; scarce in the Philippines. 0-2500(-3000)m. Native.
- var. philippinensis (Brand) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 154; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 247; ≡ Symplocos javanica var. philippinensis Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 6. = Symplocos ahernii Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 6; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297. = Symplocos purpurascens Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 33; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302. = Symplocos ramosii Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 293; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302. Distribution: Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary dipterocarp forests. 0-2000(-2400)m. Native.
- var. imbricata (Brand) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 155; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 248. = Symplocos imbricata Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 109; Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 31; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: High montane, single storey mossy forests. Fl. Dec-Apr; fr. Aug-Sep, Jan-Mar. 2000-2600m. Native.
Symplocos fasciculata Zoll., Syst. Verz. (Zollinger) 2 (1854) 136; Merr., Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15 (1929) 248; Corner, Wayside Trees Malaya (1940) 622; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 205; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 191; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 259. = Symplocos phanerophlebia Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 382; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 301. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: 0-2200m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos filipes Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 193; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 260. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
Symplocos glabriramifera Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 193; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 260. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Vizcaya, SAMAR. Notes: Montane forests. Fl. Feb, May. 1900m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos lancifolia Siebold & Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3) (1846) 133; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 214; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 263. = Symplocos montana S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 179, nom. illeg., non Brongn. & Gris; Type: Vidal 67 (MA, syn), Luzon: Tayabas, Monte Banahao; Vidal 982 (MA, syn), Luzon: Tayabas, Monte Banahao. = Symplocos betula Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 8; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 133. = Symplocos depauperata Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 45; Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 10. = Symplocos depauperata Brand var. angustissima Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 36. = Symplocos depauperata Brand var. sordida Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 10. = Symplocos merrilliana Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 110; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299. = Symplocos inconspicua Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 110; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299. = Symplocos luzonensis Rolfe, J. Bot. 24 (1886) 348; Brand, Pflanzenreich 6 (1901) 61; Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 9; Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 35; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300. = Symplocos zamboangensis Brand, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14 (1916) 325; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 303. Distribution: China, Hong Kong, India, Indochina, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, La Union, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Quirino (photos), Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: In a variety of habitats, also in dense mossy forests. Fl. Dec-Apr; fr. May-Dec. 400-2500m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos lucida Wall. ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4 (1837) 3; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 217; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 264; Liu & Qin, J. Syst. Evol. 51 (2013) 106. Distribution: Bangladesh, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos). Notes: 0-1800(-3000)m. Native.
- ssp. lucida. = Symplocos laeviramulosa Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2323; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300; Liu & Qin, J. Syst. Evol. 51 (2013) 107; Type: Elmer 14123 (BM, K, L, MO, NY, W, syn), Mindanao: Cabadbaran, Oct-1912. Distribution: Bangladesh, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: 0-1800m. Native.
Symplocos obovatifolia Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 290; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 242; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 266. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, PALAWAN. Notes: Hill rainforest. Fr. Aug-Sep. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos odoratissima (Blume) Choisy ex Zoll., Syst. Verz. (Zollinger) 2 (1854) 136; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 245; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 266; ≡ Dicalyx odoratissimus Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1116. = Symplocos acuminatissima Merr., PJS 11c (1916) 31; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 296. = Symplocos apoensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2319; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297. = Symplocos bulusanensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3792, nom. inval., no Latin descr. = Symplocos dagamiensis Brand, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14 (1916) 324; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 298. = Symplocos floridissima Brand, Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV, 242 (1901) 35; Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 5; Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 32; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 298. = Symplocos floridissima Brand var. serrata Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 108. = Symplocos megabotrys Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 383; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300, as ‘megalobotrys’. = Symplocos patens C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 2 (1835) 61; Brand, Pflanzenreich 6 (1901) 34; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 301. = Symplocos patens C.Presl forma ciliata (C.Presl) Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 4; ≡ Symplocos ciliata C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 2 (1835) 61; Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 127. = Symplocos patens C.Presl forma elmeri (Brand) Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 4; ≡ Symplocos elmeri Brand, Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1904) 36. = Symplocos pseudospicata S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 179; Type: Vidal 448 (MA), Luzon: San Mateo. = Symplocos pulgarensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1841; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302. = Symplocos salix Brand, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14 (1916) 325; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302. = Symplocos villarii S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 178; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 302; Type: Vidal 446 (MA, syn), Luzon: Bulacan, Angat; Vidal 828 (MA, syn), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Sipocot; Vidal 1581 (MA, syn), Luzon: Ilocos Norte. = Symplocos verdifolia Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3793, nom. inval., no Latin descr. ≠ Symplocos spicata auct. non Roxb.; Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 127; S.Vidal, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 64. Distribution: BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela (photos), Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: 0-2500m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
- var. odoratissima. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Common in primary and secondary rainforests at low and medium elevation. 0-2500m. Native.
- var. wenzelii (Merr.) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 248; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 267; ≡ Symplocos wenzelii Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 282; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Fl. (Mar-)Jun-Dec; fr. (Feb-May-)Jul. Native.
Symplocos ophirensis C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India 3 (1882) 579; Nooteboom, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 267. Distribution: BILIRAN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: 60-3000(-3700)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
- ssp. cumingiana (Brand) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 253; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 268; ≡ Symplocos cumingiana Brand, Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV, 242 (1901) 58; Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 8; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297. Distribution: BILIRAN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora (photos), Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: (300-)500-3000(-3700)m. Native.
  - var. cumingiana. = Symplocos angularis Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 510. = Symplocos curtiflora Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 509; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 298. = Symplocos elliptifolia Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 292; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 298. = Symplocos ilocana Merr., PJS 35 (1928) 7. = Symplocos minutiflora Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2320; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300. = Symplocos purpurascens Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 33; EPFP 3 (1923) 302. = Symplocos agusanensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2321. ≠ Symplocos brachybotrys auct. non Merr.; Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 447; EPFP 3 (1923) 300. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Aurora (photos), SIBUYAN. Notes: (300-)1000-3000(-3700)m. Native.
  - var. pachyphylla (Merr.) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 254; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 269; ≡ Symplocos pachyphylla Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 283; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: Hill forests. Fl. Sep. 500m. Native.
- ssp. perakensis (King & Gamble) Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 255; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 268; ≡ Symplocos perakensis King & Gamble, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74 (1906) 241; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. Distribution: NEGROS. Notes: 60-1500m. Native.
  - var. perakensis. = Symplocos fragrans Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 508; Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 33; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: 60-1500m. Native.
Symplocos polyandra (Blanco) Brand, Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV, 242 (1901) 36; Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 304; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 301; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 264; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 269; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 13; ≡ Guettarda polyandra Blanco, Fl. Filip., 2nd Ed. (1845) 500; Fl. Filip. ed. 3 (1879) 126. = Baranda angatensis Llanos, Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Exact. Madrid 2 (1859) 502. = Symplocos oblongifolia Rolfe, J. Bot. 23 (1885) 214; S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 124; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 178; Brand, Pflanzenreich 6 (1901) 55; ≡ Carlea oblongifolia C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 576. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. BILIRAN, CULION, DINAGAT (photos), DUMARAN, GUIMARAS, HOMONHON, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Camarines, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Rizal, Zambales, MANICANI, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos), SAMAR, SEMIRARA, SIBUYAN. Notes: Lowland to montane primary or secondary forests. 0-1100m. Native.
Symplocos theifolia D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 145; Brand, Pflanzenreich 6 (1901) 66; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 205; Liu & Qin, J. Syst. Evol. 51 (2013) 105; Type: from Nepal. = Symplocos loheri Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 32; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 300; Type: Loher 6192 (SING, holo; K, M, iso), Philippines, 6-Mar-1906. Distribution: Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines. Notes: 0-2600m. Native.
Symplocos trisepala Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 291; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 289; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 272. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija. Notes: Montane forest, at least 400m. Fl. Aug-Sep. Known only from the type. 400m. Native.
Symplocos verticillifolia Noot., Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 290; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 272. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Notes: Lowland dipterocarp forest. Fr. Apr. 200m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
Symplocos vidalii Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912 (1912) 290; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 290; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 272. = Symplocos cagayanensis Brand, PJS 7c (1912) 35; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 297. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Cagayan, Nueva Ecija, Rizal. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation primary rainforests. Fl. Feb; fr. Apr. Native.
Symplocos whitfordii Brand, PJS 3c (1908) 4; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 302; Nooteboom, Leiden Bot. Ser. 1 (1975) 292; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 273. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, NEGROS. Notes: Montane rainforest, also in mossy forest. Fl. Jan-Apr; fr. Feb, May. 1600-2450m. Native.

Incertae sedis

Symplocos imperialis Brand, PJS 4c (1909) 109; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 299; Nooteboom, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 274; Type: BS 4133 Fenix (US, iso), Camiguin de Babuyanes, Jun/Jul-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES. Notes: Possibly Symplocos adenophylla? Native.

References

Fritsch, PW, LM Kelly, Y Wang, F Almeda & R Kriebel. 2008. Revised infrafamilial classification of Symplocaceae based on phylogenetic data from DNA sequences and morphology. Taxon 57: 823-852
Liu, B & H.-N. Qin. 2013. Taxonomic revision of the Symplocos nakaharae complex (Symplocaceae) with special reference to fruit morphology. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 51: 94-114.
Nooteboom, HP. 1977. Symplocaceae. Flora Malesiana series 1, 8: 205-274