Podocarpaceae

Phyllocladaceae

Dacrycarpus (Endl.) de Laub.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 31 October 2023
  1. Dacrycarpus cumingii (Parl.) de Laub., J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1969) 329; Kalikasan 7 (1978) 128; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 381; ≡ Podocarpus cumingii Parl., Prodr. (A. P. de Candolle) 16(2.2) (1868) 521. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: (1000-)1850-2650(-3314)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub., J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1969) 320; Kalikasan 7 (1978) 126; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 376; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2440; ≡ Podocarpus imbricatus Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1827) 89. Distribution: Borneo, China, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: (200-)700-3000m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.
    • var. imbricatus. = Podocarpus javanicus (Burm.f.) Merr., PJS 19 (1921) 338; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 3; ≡ Thuja javanica Burm.f., Fl. Ind. (N. L. Burman) (1768) 202; Type: Cuming 803 (MO 2 sheets). = Dacrycarpus imbricatus var. patulus de Laub., J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1969) 320; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 379. Distribution: Borneo, China, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Montane cloud forests, common. (200-)1300-2500(-3000)m. Native.
    • var. robustus de Laub., J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1969) 323; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 379. ≠ Dacrycarpus steupii auct. non de Laub.; De Laubenfels, Kalikasan 7 (1978) 127. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: South Cotabato, MINDORO. Notes: (240-)700-3000m. Native.

Dacrydium Sol. ex G.Forst.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 2 June 2026
  1. Dacrydium beccarii Parl., Prodr. (A. P. de Candolle) 16(2) (1868) 494; De Laubenfels, Kalikasan 7 (1978) 122; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 366; Fernando et al., Forest Flora of Dinagat (2017) 33. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra. BILIRAN, DINAGAT, LUZON: Apayao (photos), MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao Oriental, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: 600-2500m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Dacrydium elatum (Roxb.) Wall. ex Hook., London J. Bot. 2 (1843) 144; De Laubenfels, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 363; ≡ Juniperus elata Roxb., Fl. Ind. (Roxburgh) 3 (1832) 838. Distribution: China to Malesia, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Misamis, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-1700m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Dacrydium pectinatum de Laub., J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1969) 289; Kalikasan 7 (1978) 121; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 364. Distribution: Borneo, China, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: In Luzon in the Sierra Madre. 0-600(-1500)m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.
  4. Dacrydium xanthandrum Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69 (1938) 252; De Laubenfels, J. Arnold Arb. 50 (1969) 304; Kalikasan 7 (1978) 123; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 369. Distribution: Borneo, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, MINDORO. Notes: Known from one collection from Mindoro. (500-)1000-2700m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Falcatifolium de Laub.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 August 2026
  1. Falcatifolium gruezoi de Laub., Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 10 (1988) 373; Fernando et al., Forest Flora of Dinagat (2017) 41; Type: Gruezo 4052 (L, holo), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon area, Paitan access. ≠ Dacrydium falciforme auct. non (Parl.) Pilg.; Foxw. ex Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 257; Foxw., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 153; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 4. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. DINAGAT, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan (photos), Isabela, Nueva Ecija, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Exposed sites along ridges or on borders of open areas. (?-)700-2200m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Nageia Gaertn.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 15 April 2025
  1. Nageia wallichiana (C.Presl) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 800; De Laubenfels, Blumea 32 (1987) 210; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 391; ≡ Decussocarpus wallichianus (C.Presl) de Laub., J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1969) 349; Kalikasan 7 (1978) 131; ≡ Podocarpus wallichianus C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 3 (1845) 540; Type: from India (lecto). = Podocarpus blumei Endl., Syn. Conif. (1847) 208; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 158; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 2. = Podocarpus latifolius Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1827) 89, nom. illeg. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Indochina, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Laguna, Nueva Ecija (photos), MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: 5-2100m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.

Phyllocladus Rich. ex Mirb.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 14 May 2026
  1. Phyllocladus hypophyllus Hook.f., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 9 (1852) t.889; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 165; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 4; Laubenf., Kalikasan Philipp. J. Biol. 7 (1978) 120; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 359. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Abra, Apayao (photos), Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: In the mossy forest on the higher mountains. (900-)1200-2400(-4000)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Podocarpus L’Hér. ex Pers.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 17 May 2025
  1. Podocarpus costalis C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 596; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 2; De Laubenfels, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 414; Batuyong et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3975; Type: Haenke s.n. (PR, holo), Luzon, 1792. From northernmost Philippines to Ryukyu Isls. Distribution: BABUYAN ISLS, BATANES, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Isabela, POLILLO. Notes: Coastal bluffs. 0-300(-?)m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  2. Podocarpus glaucus Foxw., PJS 2c (1907) 258; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 159; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 3; De Laubenfels, Kalikasan 7 (1978) 138; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 411; Malabrigo et al., Flora of Mt Mantalingahan Protected Landscape (2023) 263; Type: Merrill 5672 (K, NY, US, iso), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 1906. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: (500-)1000-2800m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Podocarpus lophatus de Laub., Kalikasan 7 (1978) 137; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 411; Type: Curran & Merritt 9511 (US, holo; BO, K, NY, P, iso), Luzon: Mt Tapulao, 1907. = Podocarpus brevifolius Foxw., PJS 6c (1911) 160. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Zambales. Notes: Known only from the type locality. Mossy forest. 1800m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  4. Podocarpus macrocarpus de Laub., Kalikasan 7 (1978) 140; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 418; Type: FB 10894 Curran (NY or US?, holo; K, L, NY, iso), Luzon: Benguet prov. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: De Laubenfels (1988): One collection reported at 700m is doubtful. Scattered and sometimes common in cloud forests. 2000-2100m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Endangered. Native.
  5. Podocarpus neriifolius D.Don, Descr. Pinus 2 (1824) 21; Merrill, PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 24; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 3, pro parte; Merrill, PJS 2c (1907) 258; De Laubenfels, Blumea 30 (1985) 266; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 400; Type: from Nepal. ≠ Podocarpus hookeri auct. non de Laub.; Salvaña et al., Sibbaldia 16 (2018) 109, pro parte. Distribution: Nepal to Vietnam, Sumatra to Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO. Notes: 0-2100m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  6. Podocarpus palawanensis de Laub. & Silba, Phytologia 64 (1988) 291; Type: SMHI 1502 Ridsdale (L, holo; K, iso), Palawan: Pagdanan Range, Ibangley Brookside Hill. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Critically Endangered. Native.
  7. Podocarpus pilgeri Foxw., PJS 2c (1907) 259; De Laubenfels, Kalikasan 7 (1978) 135; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 410; Type: Merrill 5754 (K, NY, iso), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 1906. ≠ Podocarpus costalis auct. non C.Presl; Foxw. PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 161. ≠ Podocarpus hookeri auct. non de Laub.; Salvaña et al., Sibbaldia 16 (2018) 109, pro parte. Distribution: China, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: ?Apayao (photos), Laguna, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: (700-)1200-1300m to 1900m (photos). Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  8. Podocarpus polystachyus R.Br. ex Endl., Syn. Conif. (1847) 215; Pilger, Pflanzenreich IV, 5, Heft 18 (1903) 79; Merrill, PJS 3c (1908) 394; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 161; De Laubenfels, Kalikasan 7 (1978) 137; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 417; Type: from Indonesia. ≠ Podocarpus neriifolius auct. non D.Don; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 3. ≠ Podocarpus neglectus auct. non Blume; De Laubenfels, Novon 24 (2015) 138; Salvaña et al., Sibbaldia 16 (2018) 109. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. BATAN, BATANES, BUCAS GRANDE, DALUPIRI, LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Quezon, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PONEAS, SIARGAO, TAMLANGON. Notes: 0-1000m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  9. Podocarpus ramosii R.R.Mill, Edinburgh J. Bot. 63 (2006) 81; Type: BS 19581 Ramos (US, holo; K, L, BM, iso), Luzon: Tayabas, Mt Banahaw, 1913. = Podocarpus rotundus de Laub., Kalikasan 7 (1978) 136, nom. illeg., non Bocharnikova; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 411. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Stunted mossy forest. (?-)1000-2200m. Conservation status: Data Deficient (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  10. Podocarpus rumphii Blume, Rumphia 3 (1847) 214; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 164; De Laubenfels, Kalikasan 7 (1978) 141; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 415; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 31; Type: from Indonesia. = Podocarpus philippinensis Foxw., PJS 6c (1911) 163; Type: BS 5174 Foxworthy (NY, P, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Limay Peak. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Bataan, Bulacan, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur (photos), Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), ?PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: 5-200(-1500)m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.

Sundacarpus (J.Buchholz & N.E.Gray) C.N.Page

Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 November 2016
  1. Sundacarpus amarus (Blume) C.N.Page, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45 (1989) 378; ≡ Prumnopitys amara (Blume) de Laub., Blumea 24 (1978) 190; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 385; ≡ Podocarpus amara Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1827) 88; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 159; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 2. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: (0-)500-2000(-3000)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

References