Pinaceae

Pinus L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 14 May 2026

Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon, Gard. Mag. & Reg. Rural Domest. Improv. 16 (1840) 8; de Laub., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 452. Distribution: LUZON: Abra (photos), Albay, Apayao (photos), Aurora, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: (300-)700-2700m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
- var. langbianensis (A.Chev.) Gaussen ex Bui, Adansonia, 2nd Sér. 2 (1962) 338; ≡ Pinus langbianensis A.Chev., Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 24 (1944) 25. = Pinus kesiya ssp. insularis (Endl.) D.Z.Li, Edinburgh J. Bot. 54 (1997) 346; ≡ Pinus insularis Endl., Syn. Conif. (1847) 157; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 6; Type: Cuming 856 (L, iso), Luzon: Pangasinan prov. Distribution: LUZON: Abra (photos), Albay, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Zambales. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Apparently forming natural hybrid in Zambales. Often occurring in pure stands, often on steep slopes. (300-)700-2700m. Native.
Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese, Pl. Nov. Ind. Bat. (1845) 5; S.Vidal, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 43; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 296; Merr., For. Bur. Bull. Philip. 1 (1903) 15; Foxworthy, PJS 6c (1911) 169; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 6; de Laub., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 451. Distribution: LUZON: Bulacan, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: 60-2000m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
- ssp. merkusii. = Pinus merkusii ssp. ustulata Businský, Acta Pruhon. 88 (2008) 7. Distribution: China, Indochina, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Zambales, MINDORO. Notes: In strongly seasonal areas. 100-2000m. Native.

References

De-Zhu Li. 1997. A reassessment of Pinus subgen. Pinus in China. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 54: 337-349.
Earle, CJ. 1997 onwards. The gymnosperm database
Farjon, A. 2010. A handbook of the world’s conifers. Leiden: Brill.
Laubenfels, DJ de. 1978. The taxonomy of Philippine Coniferae and Taxaceae. Kalikasan, Philippine Journal of Biology 7 (2): 118-152.
Laubenfels, DJ de. 1988. Coniferales. Flora Malesiana series 1, 10: 337-347
Laubenfels, DJ de. 1988. Pinaceae. Flora Malesiana series 1, 10: 447-453
Li, DZ. 1997. A reassessment of Pinus Subgen. Pinus in China. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 54: 337-349.
Quinn, C. J. & Price, R. A. 2003. Phylogeny of the Southern Hemisphere Conifers. Proc. Fourth International Conifer Conference: pp. 129-136.