Orchidaceae

Abdominea J.J.Sm.

1. Abdominea intricata Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 25 (2018) 3; ≡ Robiquetia intricata (Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice, Photo Intro Asian Bulbophyllum Coelogyne Dendrobium Orchids (2019) 187; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803001 (CAHUP073541, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1600m, 20-Jan-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
2. Abdominea minimiflora (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., 2, 25 (1917) 98; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 15; ≡ Robiquetia minimiflora (Hook.f.) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 70; ≡ Schoenorchis minimiflora (Hook.f.) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 241; ≡ Gastrochilus minimiflorus (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 661; ≡ Saccolabium minimiflorum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 59. = Schoenorchis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 241; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic 500-1000m. Native.

Acampe Lindl.

1. Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) P.F.Hunt, Kew Bull. 24 (1970) 98; ≡ Aerides rigida Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 39 (1818) 12; Type: from Nepal. Distribution: Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan. Native.

Acanthephippium Blume

1. Acanthephippium mantinianum L.Linden & Cogn., J. des Orch. 7 (1896) 138; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 330; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 20; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 15. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Cavite, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Wet places and shaded spots, 500-1500m. Native.
2. Acanthephippium pictum Fukuy., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 49 (1935) 666; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. LUZON, SAMAR. Native.

Possibly present

1. Acanthephippium javanicum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 354; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 148. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Sumatra. ?PALAWAN.
2. Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1831) 177. Distribution: Bangladesh, ?Philippines, Taiwan.

Acriopsis Reinw. ex Blume

1. Acriopsis floribunda Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 306; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 398; ≡ Acriopsis liliifolia var. floribunda (Ames) Minderh. & de Vogel, Orchid Monogr. 1 (1986) 13; Type: BS 35112 Ramos & Pascasio (AMES, holo; AMES, K, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Native.
2. Acriopsis indica Wight, Icon. 51 (1852) 20; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 398; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 16. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Kalinga, Nueva Ecija, Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte up to 1000m. Native.
3. Acriopsis liliifolia (J.Koenig) Ormerod, Opera Bot. 124 (1995) 58; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 16; ≡ Epidendrum liliifolium J.Koenig in Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 61. Distribution: LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, MINDORO. Native.
   • var. liliifolia. = Acriopsis javanica Reinw. ex Blume, Cat. Gew. Buitenz. (1823) 97; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 398; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 21. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Lanao del Sur, Misamis. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophythic, frequently in exposed sites, up to 1600m. Native.

Adenoncos Blume

1. Adenoncos parviflora Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 350. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
2. Adenoncos virens Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 381. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO. Native.

Aerides Lour.

1. Aerides augustiana Rolfe, Lindenia 5 (1889) 39; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: “Discovered in the Philippines by Auguste Linden; no specimen seen” Ames in Merrill (1925). Native.
2. Aerides × burbidgei Rchb.f. ex Burb., Gardens of the Sun (1880) 343, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. Notes: Aerides leeana × Aerides thibautiana. Native.
3. Aerides cootesii Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 26 (2019) 136; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1907002 (CAHUP, holo), cultivated. ≠ Aerides odorata auct. non Lour.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 23; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 18. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LINAPACAN, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: P.B. Pelser (26-Sep-19), according to Cabactulan (pers. comm. 25-Sep-19), Aerides odorata does not occur in the Philippines. Native.
4. Aerides inflexa Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24 (1862) 324; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 17. = Aerides bernhardiana Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 24 (1885) 1650. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
5. Aerides lawrenceae Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 20 (1883) 307; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 21; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 17. = Aerides lawrenceae var. amesiana Sander ex Kraenzl., Gard. Chron. iii, 10 (1891) 393; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420. = Aerides lawrenceae forma fortichii (Ames & Quisumb.) M.Wolff & O.Gruss, Orchid. Atlas (2007) 31; ≡ Aerides lawrenceae var. fortichii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 461; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 22; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 17. = Aerides lawrenceae var. punctata Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 462; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 18. = Aerides lawrenceae var. sandersiana (Rchb.f.) Sander ex Kraenzl., Xenia Orchid. 3 (1892) 95; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 18; ≡ Aerides sanderiana Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 22 (1884) 134. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental. Notes: Epiphyte up to 500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
   • forma camposii M.Leon, Cootes & Cabactulan, Orchids Austral. 35 (2023) 21; Type: M.D. De Leon MDD 14 Nov 2019 (PNH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Manolo Fortich, 10-Feb-2023. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
6. Aerides leeana Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 15 (1881) 656; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 22; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 18. = Aerides jarckiana Schltr., Orchis 9 (1915) 53; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420. = Aerides jarckiana var. smithii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1933) 457, nom. inval. = Aerides jarckiana forma alba Valmayor & D.Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 86; Type: Jarck s.n., Luzon: Lagune von Manila. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. CULION, LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Quezon, Rizal, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic at c. 800m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
7. Aerides magnifica Cootes & W.Suarez, Orchideen Journal 21 (2014) 126; Type: J. Cootes s.n. (NSW821691), Cult. Australia, 26-May-2014, from Babuyan Isls, Calayan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CALAYAN. Notes: Epiphyte. Native.
8. Aerides migueldavidii Cootes, Cabactulan & Naive, OrchideenJ. 23 (2016) 159; Type: M.D. De Leon 023/2016 (CMUH00010812, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, ex cult., 25-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Notes: Epiphyte, 20-320m. Native.
9. Aerides quinquevulnera Lindl., Sert. Orch. 6 (1838) t. 30; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 421; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 23; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 19. = Aerides quinquevulnera forma farmeri (Boxall ex Náves) M.Wolff & O.Gruss, Orchid. Atlas (2007) 32; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 19; ≡ Aerides farmeri Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4(13A) (1880) 239. = Aerides quinquevulnera forma flava (Valmayor & D.Tiu) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 60; ≡ Aerides quinquevulnera var. flava Valmayor & D.Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 87, nom. inval.; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 24; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 20. = Aerides quinquevulnera var. marginata (Rchb.f.) Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 63; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 422; ≡ Aerides marginata Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s. 23 (1885) 533. = Aerides quinquevulnera forma punctata (Valmayor & D.Tiu) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 60; ≡ Aerides quinquevulnera var. punctata Valmayor & D.Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 87, nom. inval.; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 20. = Aerides quinquevulnera forma purpurata (Rchb.f.) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 60; ≡ Aerides quinquevulnera var. purpurata Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. n.s., 16 (1881) 230; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 422; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 24; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 20. = Aerides quinquevulnera var. schadenbergiana Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 63; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 422. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. BABUYAN, CALAYAN, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Throughout Philippines. A common species in and about Rizal at relatively low elevation. Epiphyte up to 2000m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
10. Aerides roebelenii Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 21 (1884) 510. = Aerides ortgiesiana Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. n.s., 23 (1885) 501, as 'ortgiesianum'. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MASBATE, NEGROS, PANAY, ROMBLON. Notes: P.B. Pelser (10-Jan-20): distribution within the Philippines as per Derek Cabactulan (pers. comm., 10-Jan-20). Native.
11. Aerides savageana Sand. ex A.H.Kent in Veitch, Man. Orchid. Pl. 7 (1891) 78. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?MINDORO (photos). Notes: P.B. Pelser (6-Aug-23): origin unknown? Native.
12. Aerides shibatiana Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 13A (1880) 239. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Included by Ames in the list of excluded names, marked as a nomen nudum, possibly “an error for A. thibautianum Rchb.f. “. Native.
13. Aerides turma M.Leon, Cootes, Cabactulan & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 26 (2019) 139; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1907004 (CAHUP, holo), cultivated. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
    • forma anniversarius M.Leon, Cootes, Cabactulan & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 26 (2019) 141; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1907005 (CAHUP, holo), cultivated. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
    • forma turma. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
14. Aerides upcmae Motes, M.Leon, Cootes & Cabactulan, OrchideenJ. 8 (2020) 4; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1912001 (PNH, holo), cultivated from Mindanao: Bukidnon, 1-Dec-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.

Aeridostachya (Hook.f.) Brieger

1. Aeridostachya propinqua (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes in Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 20; ≡ Pinalia propinqua (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 70; ≡ Eria propinqua Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 105; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 600m. Native.
2. Aeridostachya robusta (Blume) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1 (11-12) (1981) 714; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 21; ≡ Pinalia robusta (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; ≡ Eria robusta (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 69; ≡ Dendrolirium robustum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 347. = Eria whitfordii Leav., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 215; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 376. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 1000m. Native.

Aglossorrhyncha Schltr.

Needs name

1. Aglossorrhyncha sp. Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 207. Distribution: BOHOL. Notes: Insufficiently known, possibly endemic. Not included in Cootes’ 2006 & 2008 orchid checklists. Native.

Agrostophyllum Blume

1. Agrostophyllum agusanense Ormerod, Taiwania 59 (2014) 331; Type: C.M. Weber 161 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Agusan, Agusan River, near mouth of the Tipgon, 12m, 11-Jul-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan. Native.
2. Agrostophyllum edanoanum Ormerod, Taiwania 59 (2014) 333; Type: G. Edano 2318 BS 78648 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Cagayan, Mt Cagua Volcano, 1150m, 27-Oct-1929. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Native.
3. Agrostophyllum elmeri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 48; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319; Type: Elmer 18047. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Native.
4. Agrostophyllum elongatum (Ridl.) Schuit., Blumea 35 (1990) 165; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 21; ≡ Appendiculopsis elongata (Ridl.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 120; ≡ Appendicula elongata Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 3 (1893) 375; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. = Agrostophyllum hasseltii (Blume) J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 55, nom. illeg., non Rchb.f; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319; ≡ Appendicula hasseltii Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 304. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Kalinga-Apayao, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Sarangani (photos), SAMAR. Notes: Epiphyte up to 1000m. Native.
5. Agrostophyllum emwoodiae Ormerod, Taiwania 59 (2014) 334; Type: C.M. Wenzel 0596 (AMES, holo), Leyte: Jaro, Masaganap, 600m, 13-Oct-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, NEGROS. Native.
6. Agrostophyllum globiceps Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45(3, Beibl. 104) (1911) 23; Type: from Indonesia. = Agrostophyllum mearnsii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 420; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; Type: FB 4607 Mearns & Hutchinson (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Misamis, Mt Bliss, 1735m, May-1906. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental. Notes: 1060-1560m. Native.
7. Agrostophyllum glumaceum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 824; Type: from Malaysia. = Agrostophyllum wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 88; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; Type: C.A. Wenzel 212 (AMES, lecto; AMES, isolecto), Leyte: Jaro, Buahaan, 19-Sep-1913. Distribution: Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte. Notes: 60-800m. Native.
8. Agrostophyllum inocephalum (Schauer) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 148; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 25; ≡ Diploconchium inocephalum Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19 (Suppl. 1) (1843) 428. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Epiphyte c. 500m. Erroneously reported for Taiwan (Lin et al. 2016). Native.
9. Agrostophyllum leytense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 298; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Forest, 600-700m. Native.
10. Agrostophyllum loheri Ormerod, Taiwania 59 (2014) 336; Type: A. Loher 2131B (K, holo; K, icono), Luzon: central Luzon, June. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU (photos), LUZON, SAMAR. Native.
11. Agrostophyllum longivaginatum Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 420; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 22; Type: Weber 345. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Cagayan, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Epiphyte 30-600m. Native.
12. Agrostophyllum luzonense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 197; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 22. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte 600-1500m. Native.
13. Agrostophyllum malindangense Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 50; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; Type: FB 4610 Mearns & Hutchinson. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental. Native.
14. Agrostophyllum merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 323; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; Type: Merrill 5844, Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), forest, 1000m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO. Native.
15. Agrostophyllum mindanense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 88; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; ≡ Agrostophyllum pelorioides Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 421, nom. illeg., non Schltr.; Type: Copeland 1119 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: District of Davao, Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Mountains, c. 860m. Native.
16. Agrostophyllum philippinense Ames, PJS 4 c (1910) Bot. 669; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 22. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte 60-700m. Native.
17. Agrostophyllum saccatilabium Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 487; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 22; Type: BS 82229 Quisumbing (AMES, holo), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, from cultivated plant at Mansion House, origin said to be from mountains in the vicinity of Baguio, 6-May-1931. Distribution: Philippines, ?Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, MINDANAO: Davao, South Cotabato (photos), NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte 300-1000m; present in Taiwan if Agrostophyllum formosanum Rolfe is considered synonymous. Native.
18. Agrostophyllum stipulatum (Griff.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1913) 279; ≡ Appendiculopsis stipulata (Griff.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 120; ≡ Appendicula stipulata Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3 (1851) 358. Native.
    • ssp. stipulatum. Distribution: Indochina, Malesia, Philippines, Solomon Isls. Native.
19. Agrostophyllum urdanetae Ormerod, Taiwania 59 (2014) 337; Type: A.D.E. Elmer 13852 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan. Native.
20. Agrostophyllum vulcanicum Ormerod, Taiwania 59 (2014) 338; Type: M. Ramos & G.E. Edano BS 75715 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Albay, Mayon Volcano, 915m, Sep-1928. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Benguet. Native.

Amesiella Schltr. ex Garay (Endemic)

1. Amesiella minor Senghas, J. Orchideenfreund 6 (1999) 121; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 23. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte c. 1200m. Native.
2. Amesiella monticola Cootes & D.P.Banks, Orchids Australia 10(5) (1998) 26; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 25; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 23. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, ?Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Fringes of montane forest, 1800-2200m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
3. Amesiella philippinensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23, 4 (1972) 160; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 25; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 24; ≡ Angraecum philippinense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 336; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 432. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 400-1400m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Ania Lindl.

1. Ania elmeri (Ames) A.D.Hawkes ex Senghas in Schltr., Orchideen 1 (1984) 863; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 24; ≡ Ascotainia elmeri (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 99; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336; ≡ Tainia elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1570. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao. Notes: Terrestrial in forests, sea-level to 1300m. Native.

Anoectochilus Blume

Incertae sedis

1. Anoectochilus sp. Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 36; in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 274. Distribution: LEYTE. Notes: Based on Wenzel 286. Native.

Aphyllorchis Blume

1. Aphyllorchis halconensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 7; Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 25. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial 300-1000m. Native.
2. Aphyllorchis montana Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 57; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 25. = Aphyllorchis benguetensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 49; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264; Type: from Sri Lanka. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao. Notes: Terrestrial 800-1500m. Native.
3. Aphyllorchis pallida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) t. 16; Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1840) 536; Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1849) 30; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 102. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial in humid forest, 330-930m. Native.

Apostasia Blume

1. Apostasia nuda R.Br. in Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1 (1830) 76; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 28. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial up to 800m. Native.
2. Apostasia wallichii R.Br. in Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1 (1830) 75; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 252; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 65; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 28. Distribution: Australia, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Terrestrial up to 1000m. Native.

Appendicula Blume

1. Appendicula alba Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 299; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 28; ≡ Podochilus albus (Blume) Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 36. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BATANES, LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales. Notes: Usually terrestrial 300-1800m. Native.
2. Appendicula anceps Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 299; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 323; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 29. Distribution: BASILAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO. Native.
   • var. anceps. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Epiphyte or terrestrial in forests, up to 1500m. Native.
3. Appendicula buxifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 300; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 324; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 27; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 29; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, apparently in the mountain regions, c. 600m. Native.
4. Appendicula clemensiae (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 415; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 324; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 29; ≡ Podochilus clemensiae Ames, PJS 4 c (1910) Bot. 667. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Usually in the montane zones, but from 60-1700m. Native.
5. Appendicula cornuta Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 302; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 324; Type: BS 16573 Ramos. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Native.
6. Appendicula crotalina (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1912) 336; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325; ≡ Podochilus crotalinus Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 667; Type: M.S. Clemens s.n. (AMES, US), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Up to 860m. P.B. Pelser (11-Jan-21): According to Wally Suarez (pers. comm. 5-Nov-19): plants in photos of this species by Cabactulan and De Leon from Mindanao have been misidentified as Appendicula torta Blume. The epichile of Appendicula torta is broadly triangular with distinct side lobes vs rounded with a broad sinus and obscurely three-lobed. Appendicula torta is not known from the Philippines. Ron Boos (pers. comm. 11-Jan-21) considers Appendicula crotalina and Appendicula torta to be conspecific. If correct, the name Appendicula torta Blume has priority. Native.
7. Appendicula cuneata Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 44; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, SAMAR. Native.
8. Appendicula elmeri (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 416; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325; ≡ Podochilus elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1565; Type: Elmer 10718 (AMES, holo; AMES, L, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Along streams, 400-1300m. Native.
9. Appendicula fenixii (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1912) 336; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 30; ≡ Podochilus fenixii Ames, PJS 6 C (1911) Bot. 48; Type: BS 3794 Fenix (AMES, holo), Batanes: Mt Iraya, 8-Jun-1907. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BATAN, BATANES, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Quezon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte, mossy forest, 200-600m. Native.
10. Appendicula irigensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 5; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2440; Type: BS 41941C Ramos. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: ?Laguna (photos), Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte in dense forest, 1000m. Native.
11. Appendicula laxifolia J.J.Sm., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. lxv. (1933) 480; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 30. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 700m. Native.
12. Appendicula leytensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 47; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 500m. Native.
13. Appendicula lucbanensis (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 415; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; ≡ Podochilus lucbanensis Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1566; Type: Elmer 8068 (AMES, holo; F, MO, NY, iso), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, May-1907. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Apayao, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Apparently restricted to mountain regions. Native.
14. Appendicula luzonensis (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 415; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 30; ≡ Podochilus luzonensis Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1567; Type: Elmer 7930. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 800 m. Native.
15. Appendicula malindangensis (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1912) 337; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 31; ≡ Podochilus malindangensis Ames, PJS 6 c (1912) Bot. 19; Type: FB 4733 Mearns & Hutchinson. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Occidental, Sarangani (photos), NEGROS. Notes: Mountainous regions up to 1600m. Native.
16. Appendicula maquilingensis Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 417; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epilithic or epiphytic in forests, 40-2000m. Native.
17. Appendicula merrillii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 415, 418; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; ≡ Chilopogon merrillii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 91; Type: Merrill 8135. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Zamboanga. Notes: Epiphytic, 700-1160m. Native.
18. Appendicula micrantha Lindl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 15 (1845) 386; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 27; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 31; ≡ Podochilus micranthus (Lindl.) Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 39. = Appendicula wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 C (1913) Bot. 419; Type: Wenzel 10 (AMES 2 sheets, GH, NY, iso), Leyte: epiphyte, 60m, 29-Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Davao, Surigao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO. Notes: Epiphytic, occasionally terrestrial, to 700m. Potentially a synonym of Appendicula reflexa var. reflexa (WCSP 2017). Native.
19. Appendicula negrosiana (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 416; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327; ≡ Podochilus negrosianus Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1568; Type: Elmer 9636. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Native.
20. Appendicula pendula Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 298. = Appendicula philippinensis (Schltr.) J.J.Sm., Orch. Amb. (1905) 91; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 31; ≡ Podochilus philippinensis Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 49; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, South Cotabato, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Variable and fairly common species, 115-1600m. Native.
21. Appendicula perplexa (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 416; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327; ≡ Podochilus perplexus Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1569; Type: Elmer 7407. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Forest shade, 800m. Native.
22. Appendicula polyantha Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 6; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327; Type: BS 42058 Lopez (AMES, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Angilog, 2200m (note: this is most likely in feet), Feb-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Mt Angilog. Native.
23. Appendicula reflexa Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 301; Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 175; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 31; Type: from Java. Distribution: Australia, Java, Malaysia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY. Native.
    • var. reflexa. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, PANAY. Notes: Epiphyte or terrestrial, near sea-level to at least 1200m. Native.
24. Appendicula tagalensium Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 65; Type: Loher s.n., Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: No specimen has been seen by Ames. Native.
25. Appendicula tubilabia J.J.Wood, Orchids Mount Kinabalu 2 (2011) 39; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos by Mabanta). Native.
26. Appendicula undulata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 301. Distribution: BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Pampanga, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, SAMAR. Native.
    • var. longicalcarata (Rolfe) Ames in Merr., J. Roy. Asiat. Soc. Straits Branch, Special No. (1921) 179; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327; ≡ Podochilus longicalcaratus Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1894) 186. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: In mossy forests. Native.
27. Appendicula weberi Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 418; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 328; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 32; Type: C.M. Weber 88. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga-Apayao, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur. Notes: Shady damp forests, 400-700m. Native.
28. Appendicula xytriophora Rchb.f. in Seem., Fl. Vit. (1868) 299; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 328; ≡ Podochilus xytriophorus (Rchb.f.) Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 47. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, MINDORO, PANAY, POLILLO. Notes: Forests, 60-1330m. Common and widely distributed. Native.

Incertae sedis

1. Appendicula sp.. Distribution: MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Wally Suarez (pers. comm. 5-Nov-19): these Mt Hamiguitan plants have been previously identified as Appendicula tembuyukenensis J.J.Wood, but are not that species, which has "a very noticeable callus at the apex of the lip". Native.

Arachnis Blume

1. Arachnis flos-aeris (L.) Rchb.f., Bot. Centralbl. 28 (1886) 343; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 32; ≡ Epidendrum flos-aeris L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 952. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte at low elevations. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Arundina Blume (Not native)

1. Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr., Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6 (1910) 270; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 33; ≡ Bletia graminifolia D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 29; Type: from Nepal. Distribution: BOHOL, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Misamis, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Naturalized.
   • ssp. graminifolia. Distribution: Taiwan, Tropical & Subtropical Asia. BOHOL, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Misamis, Zamboanga, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Naturalized on road sides and rocky slopes (Ron Boos, pers. comm., 23-Nov-20). W. Suarez and D. Cabactulan (pers. comm., 23-Nov-20): possibly native to the Philippines. Naturalized.

Blepharoglossum (Schltr.) L.Li

1. Blepharoglossum bicuspidatum (J.J.Sm.) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 7; ≡ Liparis bicuspidata J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 45; Type: from Borneo. = Liparis wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 84; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316; Type: Wenzel 0403 (AMES, holo), Leyte. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
2. Blepharoglossum bontocense (Ames) Cootes, Orchids Australia 32 (2020) 12; ≡ Liparis bontocensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 38; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 311. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Native.
3. Blepharoglossum condylobulbon (Rchb.f.) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 7; ≡ Liparis condylobulbon Rchb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 18 (1862) 34; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 175; Tetsana et al., Phytotaxa 421 (2019) 54; Type: from Java. = Liparis confusa J.J.Sm., Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 275; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312; Type: not from the Philippines. = Liparis clemensiae (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 79; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312; ≡ Cestichis clemensiae Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 666; Type: Clemens 129, Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley, Feb-1906. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand. BASILAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Lanao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophytic, up to 1500m. Native.
4. Blepharoglossum elegans (Lindl.) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 7; ≡ Liparis elegans Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 30; Type: from Malaysia. = Liparis stricta J.J.Sm., Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Neerl. 5 (1907) 3; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Malaysia, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Riau Arch, Sumatra, Thailand. Native.
5. Blepharoglossum grossum (Rchb.f.) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 8; ≡ Liparis grossa Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 19 (1883) 110; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 176; Type: from Myanmar. = Liparis rizalensis Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 295; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316; Type: Ramos BS 24070 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Dec-1915. Distribution: Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 500m. Native.
6. Blepharoglossum latifolium (Blume) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 8; ≡ Liparis latifolia Lindl., Gen. Spec. Orch. Pl. (1830) 30; Tetsana et al., Phytotaxa 421 (2019) 56; ≡ Malaxis latifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 393, nom. illeg., non Sm.; Type: from Java. Distribution: China, Philippines, Thailand to New Guinea. MINDANAO: Cotabato. Native.
7. Blepharoglossum palawanense (Ames) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 8; ≡ Liparis palawanensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 39; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; Type: Weber 612 (AMES, holo), Palawan; Alfonzo XIII forest. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
8. Blepharoglossum pallidum (Blume) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 9; ≡ Liparis pallida (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 31; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; ≡ Malaxis pallida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 391; Type: from Java. Distribution: Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Sumatra. Native.
9. Blepharoglossum parviflorum (Blume) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 9; ≡ Liparis parviflora (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 31; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 177; ≡ Malaxis parviflora Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 392; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand. BASILAN, BUSUANGA, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Cotabato, Davao, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 2000m. Native.
10. Blepharoglossum trichoglotte (Ames) L.Li, Pl. Syst. Evol. 306 (2020) 54: 9; ≡ Liparis trichoglottis (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1911) 203; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316; ≡ Cestichis trichoglottis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 139; Type: Clemens 131 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Lake Lanao. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Native.

Possibly present

1. Blepharoglossum fulgens (Rolfe) Ormerod & Juswara, Harvard Papers in Botany 26 (2021) 198; ≡ Liparis fulgens Rolfe, Gard. Chron. 2 (1889) 620; Type: Cult. Horsman & Co s.n. (K, holo), ?Philippines. Distribution: ?Philippines, ?Sulawesi.

Bogoria J.J.Sm.

1. Bogoria merrillii (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 16; ≡ Sarcochilus merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 213; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; Type: Merrill 5432. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Epiphytic, near sea level. Native.

Brachypeza Schltr. ex Garay

1. Brachypeza cladostachya (Hook.f.) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 62; ≡ Pteroceras cladostachyum (Hook.f.) H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 12 (1992) 387; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 230; ≡ Sarcochilus cladostachys Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 35. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Rizal. Native.
2. Brachypeza pallida (Blume) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 62; ≡ Pteroceras pallidum (Blume) Holttum, Kew Bull. 14 (1960) 270; ≡ Sarcochilus pallidus (Blume) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. 6 (1863) 500; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; ≡ Thrixspermum pallidum (Blume) Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1867) 122; ≡ Dendrocolla pallida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 290. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. Native.
3. Brachypeza unguiculata (Lindl.) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 64; ≡ Pteroceras unguiculatum (Lindl.) H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 12 (1992) 388; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 231; ≡ Sarcochilus unguiculatus Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.) (1840) 67. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BASILAN, BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, POLILLO, ?SAMAR. Native.
4. Brachypeza zamboangensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 164; ≡ Sarcochilus zamboangensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 39; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 408; Type: Merrill 11640. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Epiphyte in forest, 10m. Native.

Bromheadia Lindl.

1. Bromheadia alticola Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28 (1891) 338. = Bromheadia philippinensis Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 6. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
2. Bromheadia devogelii Kruiz., Orchid Monogr. 8 (1997) 102; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 36. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 350m. Native.
3. Bromheadia finlaysoniana (Lindl.) Miq., Fl. Ned. Indië 3 (1859) 709; ≡ Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum Lindl. in Wall., Numer. List (1832) 7561. Distribution: Indochina to New Guinea, Philippines. TAMLANGON. Native.

Bryobium Lindl.

1. Bryobium leavittii (Kraenzl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186 (2018) 194; ≡ Pinalia leavittii (Kraenzl.) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 70; ≡ Eria leavittii Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50(50) (1911) 52; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 370. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
2. Bryobium puguahaanense (Ames) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186 (2018) 194; ≡ Pinalia puguahaanensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 71; ≡ Eria puguahaanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 157; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
3. Bryobium punctatum (J.J.Sm.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186 (2018) 194; ≡ Pinalia punctata (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Wood, Orchids Mount Kinabalu 2 (2011) 493; ≡ Eria punctata J.J.Sm., Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13 (1907) 38. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
4. Bryobium senile (Ames) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186 (2018) 194; ≡ Pinalia senilis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 70; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 222; ≡ Eria senilis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 159; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Lanao del Sur (photos), Surigao, PANAY. Native.
5. Bryobium tridens (Ames) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186 (2018) 194; ≡ Pinalia tridens (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 71; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 223; ≡ Eria tridens Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1580; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
6. Bryobium ventricosum (Leav.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186 (2018) 194; ≡ Pinalia ventricosa (Leav.) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 71; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 223; ≡ Eria ventricosa Leav., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 211; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.

Bulbophyllum Thouars

1. Bulbophyllum absconditum J.J.Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 449; ≡ Pelma absconditum (J.J.Sm.) Finet, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1 (1909) 113. Native.
   • ssp. absconditum. Distribution: Philippines, Sumatra to Pacific Ocean. Native.
2. Bulbophyllum acutum J.J.Sm., Orchid. Java (1905) 466; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 36. Distribution: Java, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte 1000-1400m. Also considered a synonym of Bulbophyllum depressum King & Pantl. (Catalogue of Life 2019). Native.
3. Bulbophyllum aeolium Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 429; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 378; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 37; Type: BS 15391 Ramos (AMES, US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, Aug-1912. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.
   • ssp. aeolium. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte 600-1300m. Native.
4. Bulbophyllum aestivale Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 164; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 378; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 37; Type: C.A. Wenzel 0395 (AMES, holo; GH, US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, epiphyte in forest, 600m, 25-May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic in forest, 500-1000m. Native.
5. Bulbophyllum alboaligerum Cootes, Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 5; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803003 (CAHUP073543, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1600m, 20-Jan-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental. Native.
6. Bulbophyllum alboroseum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 164; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Type: Ramos & Edaño 105 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Lusong, epiphytic on dead branches, 2000m, 7-Oct-1928. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
7. Bulbophyllum alsiosum Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1583; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 38; Type: Elmer 9817 (AMES, holo; AMES, L, NY, US, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mtns, Apr-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic in forest, 600-1300m. Native.
8. Bulbophyllum amorosoanum Naive, M.Leon & Cootes, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 102, as 'amorosum'; Type: M.D. De Leon 024/2016 (CMUH00010846, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, epiphytic in deeply shaded localities in mossy forest where it grows in moss cushions on the branches and trunks of trees in rain-forest, 1200m, 15-Jul-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, SAMAR. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Naive et al. 2017). Native.
9. Bulbophyllum amplebracteatum Teijsm. & Binn., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24 (1862) 307. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDORO, SARANGANI. Native.
   • ssp. carunculatum (Garay, Hamer & Siegerist) J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne, Bulbophyllum Sulawesi (2011) 48; ≡ Bulbophyllum carunculatum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 10 (1995) 174; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 32; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 40. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. Notes: L.L.Co: Described from a plant originating in the Philippines. Native.
   • ssp. orthoglossum (H.Wendl. & Kraenzl.) J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne, Bulbophyllum Sulawesi (2011) 47; ≡ Bulbophyllum orthoglossum H.Wendl. & Kraenzl., Gard. Chron. iii, 19 (1896) 326; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 44; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 58. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. SARANGANI. Notes: Epiphytic up to 300m. Native.
10. Bulbophyllum anascaputum Cootes, Cabactulan, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 3; Type: M.D. De Leon 001/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 3-Dec-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
11. Bulbophyllum antenniferum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 250; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 31; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 38; ≡ Hyalosema antenniferum (Lindl.) Rysy, J. Orchideenfreund 9 (2002) 324; ≡ Cirrhopetalum antenniferum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 49. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Epiphytic, usually on tree trunks, sometimes on rocks, low elevations to 500m. Native.
12. Bulbophyllum apertum Schltr., Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. 2, 6 (1906) 462; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 38. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato. Notes: Epiphyte c. 500m. Native.
13. Bulbophyllum apheles J.J.Verm., Orchids of Borneo 2 (1991) 245. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis. Native.
14. Bulbophyllum apodum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 766. Distribution: China, India, Java, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte. Native.
15. Bulbophyllum apoense Schuit. & de Vogel, Blumea 48 (2003) 506; ≡ Bulbophyllum graciliscapum Ames & Rolfe, Orch. 5 (1915) 175, nom. illeg., non Schltr.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Type: Copeland 1127 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, 22-Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic on mossy branch, 2000m. Native.
16. Bulbophyllum aquinoi (Cootes, M.Leon & Naive) J.M.H.Shaw, Orchid Rev. Suppl., 125 (1319) (2017) 56; ≡ Epicranthes aquinoi Cootes, M.Leon & Naive, OrchideeenJournal 4 (2016) 3, as 'Epicrianthes aquinoi'; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL 001/2016 (CMUH00010802, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon (cult. in Misamis Oriental), 21-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
17. Bulbophyllum arrectum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 384; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Type: Loher s.n. (AMES, type fragment and photo of drawing), possibly from Luzon: Rizal, Oct-1916. Known only from fragmentary type material, according to Ames (1924), very close to Bulbophyllum stellatum Ames. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
18. Bulbophyllum atrorubens Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39 (1906) 82. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
19. Bulbophyllum auratum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 261; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 79; ≡ Cirrhopetalum auratum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.) (No. 107) (1840) 50. = ?Cirrhopetalum candelabra Paxton, Paxton's Mag. Bot. 11 (1844) 117. Distribution: Borneo, India, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Native.
20. Bulbophyllum basisetum J.J.Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26 (1929) 347; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 39. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Epiphyte at mid-elevation. Native.
21. Bulbophyllum betchei F.Muell., S. Sci. Rec. i. (1881) 173. Distribution: Borneo, Java, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
22. Bulbophyllum bolsteri Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 126; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 39; Type: Bolster 349 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, May/Jun-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Epiphytic at low to mid-elevation. Native.
23. Bulbophyllum bontocense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 126, 135; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; Type: Vanoverbergh 1382 (AMES, holo; AMES, L, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, epiphytic, 1650m, 17-Aug-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Zambales. Notes: Epiphytic, 1450-1700m. Native.
24. Bulbophyllum boosii J.J.Verm. & Kindler, Malesian Orchid Journal 15 (2015) 49; Type: cult. Kindler s.n. (L, holo), Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.
25. Bulbophyllum braccatum Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 117; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 40. = Bulbophyllum hortensoides Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 300; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Ifugao, Rizal, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 400-600m. Potentially a synonym of Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl. Native.
26. Bulbophyllum breimerianum J.J.Verm. & A.Vogel, Blumea 52 (2007) 1. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
27. Bulbophyllum brevibrachiatum (Schltr.) J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 8 (1912) 23; ≡ Cirrhopetalum brevibrachiatum Schltr., Fedde Repert. 10 (1911) 186; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 52; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 79. = Cirrhopetalum dolichoblepharon Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 185; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 80; ≡ Bulbophyllum dolichoblepharon (Schltr.) J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ser. 2, 8 (1912) 23. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: These plants occur as epiphyte on tree trunks, 500-1400m. Native.
28. Bulbophyllum bromeliforme Cootes, Cabactulan, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJournal 27 (2020) 5; Type: De Leon MDL1907006 (PNH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 1-Jul-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
29. Bulbophyllum canlaonense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 126; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 40. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, 1300-2300m. Native.
30. Bulbophyllum catenulatum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 382; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 33; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 41; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2440; Type: Loher s.n. (AMES, type fragment and drawing), Luzon: presumably the Sierra Madre Mtns E of Manila. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic on branches and tree trunks, sometimes on rocks, up to 1800m. Native.
31. Bulbophyllum cephalophorum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 11 (1996) 227; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 33. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m. Native.
32. Bulbophyllum charisae Jenny, Orchid Rev. Suppl., 127 (2019) 147; R. Jenny s.n. (G, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, Mt Balatucan, Sep-2018; from plant collected by G. Hampel and cultivated in Sirnach, Switzerland by R. Amsler. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Native.
33. Bulbophyllum charishampeliae (Cabactulan, M.Leon, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice, Photo Intro Asian Bulbophyllum Coelogyne Dendrobium Orchids (2019) 186; ≡ Bulbophyllum charishampeliae (Cabactulan, M.Leon, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel) Naive & Alejandro, Lankesteriana 19 (2019) 21, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; ≡ Epicranthes charishampeliae Cabactulan, M.Leon, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 16, as 'Epicrianthes charishampeliae'; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803016 (CAHUP073556, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1400m, 17-Feb-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Bulbophyllum charishampeliae (Cabactulan, M.Leon, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice was published in Jan-2019, whereas Bulbophyllum charishampeliae (Cabactulan, M.Leon, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel) Naive & Alejandro was published in Apr-2019. Native.
34. Bulbophyllum cheiri Lindl., Edwards’ Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) t. 44; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 209; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 41; ≡ Sarcopodium cheiri (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton, Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 1 (1850) 155. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, BOHOL, BUSUANGA, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO. Native.
    • ssp. cheiri. = Bulbophyllum copelandii Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 97; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 43; Type: Copeland 1316. = Bulbophyllum megalanthum Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3 (1851) 286; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 54. = Bulbophyllum whitfordii Rolfe in Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 100; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 390; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 65. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, BOHOL, BUSUANGA, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO. Notes: Epilithic or epiphytic, in light shade, low elevation. Native.
    • ssp. subuliferum (Schltr.) J.J.Verm., P.O'Byrne & A.Lamb, Bulbophyllum Borneo (2015) 52; ≡ Bulbophyllum subuliferum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 91. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. Native.
35. Bulbophyllum chrysendetum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 169; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 41. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDORO. Notes: Forest epiphyte, 60-600m. Native.
36. Bulbophyllum clandestinum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) t. 77. = Epidendrum sessile J.Koenig in Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 60. = Bulbophyllum profusum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 46; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 59. Distribution: Bangladesh to Pacific Ocean, Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Epiphytic, often in shaded sites, up to 500m. Native.
37. Bulbophyllum cleistogamum Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31 (1896) 277; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 34; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 42. Distribution: Borneo, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Riau Arch, Sumatra. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: In addition to Luzon, possibly elsewhere in the E parts. Epilithic or epiphytic in shade, c. 500m. Native.
38. Bulbophyllum clemensiae Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Type: M.S. Clemens 440. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Native.
39. Bulbophyllum codonanthum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 177. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: Reported for the Philippines by M.D. De Leon. Native.
40. Bulbophyllum colubrimodum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 82; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 42; Type: C.A. Wenzel 698. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Forest epiphyte, 600m. Native.
41. Bulbophyllum cootesii M.A.Clem., Austral. Orchid Rev. 64 (1999) 6; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 35; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 42. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 500m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
42. Bulbophyllum cornutum (Blume) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 247; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 43; ≡ Ephippium cornutum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 308. = Bulbophyllum wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 432; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte at low elevation. Native.
43. Bulbophyllum crassiusculum Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 6; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803001 (CAHUP073545, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1200m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
44. Bulbophyllum cryptophoranthus Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 475; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 44. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte at mid-elevation. Native.
45. Bulbophyllum cubicum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 83; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Type: BS 38633 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mahilucot River, forest epiphyte, 1400m, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Forest epiphyte, 1400m. Native.
46. Bulbophyllum cumingii (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 261; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; ≡ Cirrhopetalum cumingii Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1838) t. 49; Paxton’s Bot. Mag. 8 (1841) 165; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 54; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 80. = Bulbophyllum stramineum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 190; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. = Cirrhopetalum flabellum-veneris (J.Koenig) Seidenf. & Ormerod in Seidenf., Descr. Epidendrorum JG Koenig 1791 (1995) 39; ≡ Epidendrum flabellum-veneris J.Koenig in Retz., Obs. vi (1791) 57. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic. Low elevation up to c. 500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
47. Bulbophyllum cuneatum Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 98; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Type: Merrill 3730 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, c. 1000m, 1-Jan-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Native.
48. Bulbophyllum cupreum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (Misc) (1838) 95; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 35; Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 44. Distribution: Philippines, Thailand. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon. Notes: Bole epiphyte, c. 500m. Native.
49. Bulbophyllum curranii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127, 130; Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 170; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: FB 4953 Curran (AMES, holo), Luzon: Benguet, summit of Mt Tonglon (Mt Sto Tomas), epiphytic vine, 8-Aug-1906. = Bulbophyllum calophyllum L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 98; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 40; Type: Loher 14649 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Rizal, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 800-2200m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
50. Bulbophyllum dasypetalum Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 98; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: Merrill 3720 (AMES, holo; US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, 1-Jan-1904. = Bulbophyllum vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 133; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389; Type: Vanoverbergh 1367 (AMES, holo; NY, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Aug-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Rizal, MINDORO. Native.
51. Bulbophyllum davidii (Cootes & R.Boos) J.M.H.Shaw, Orchid Rev. Suppl., 125 (1319) (2017) 56; ≡ Epicranthes davidii Cootes & R.Boos, OrchideenJ. (2015) 3, as 'Epicrianthes davidii'; Type: M.D. De Leon cult. (CMUH00009780, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, 23-Feb-15, c. 700m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Notes: P.B. Pelser (7-Oct-15): Morphologically similar to Bulbophyllum sagemuelleri R.Bustam. & Kindler. Native.
52. Bulbophyllum dearei (Mast.) W.Watson, Gard. Chron., n.s., 23 (1885) 664; Rchb.f., Flora 71 (1888) 156; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 36; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 44; ≡ Sarcopodium dearei Mast., Gard. Chron. n.s., 20 (1883) 108, fig. 17; Rchb.f., Flora 71 (1888) 156. = Bulbophyllum goebelianum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 385; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Type: Loher s.n., probably from Luzon. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic and sometimes epilithic, 700-1200m. Native.
53. Bulbophyllum debrincatiae J.J.Verm., Gard. Bull. Sing. 54 (2002) 114; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 45. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte 800-1200m. Native.
54. Bulbophyllum dissolutum Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 429; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: BS 15069 Ramos (AMES, holo), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, 13-Jun-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Pampanga. Native.
55. Bulbophyllum doryphoroide Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 172; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 45; Type: BS 19873 McGregor (AMES, holo), Luzon: Ifugao, Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte at high elevation. Native.
56. Bulbophyllum dryas Ridl., J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 6 (1915) 175. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
57. Bulbophyllum ebracteolatum Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 58; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: Loher s.n., probably from Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?LUZON. Notes: Known only from the original description. Native.
58. Bulbophyllum echinochilum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16 (1921) 385; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 45; Type: Loher s.n. (AMES, holotype fragment, also drawing of type), ?Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte 900-1000m. Native.
59. Bulbophyllum ecornutoides Cootes & W.Suarez, Aust. Orch. Review 71 (2006) 6; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 46. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte up to 500m. Native.
60. Bulbophyllum ecornutum J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. II, xiii (1914) 32. Distribution: Java, Philippines, Thailand. MINDANAO, MINDORO. Native.
    • ssp. verrucatum J.J.Verm., P.O'Byrne & A.Lamb, Bulbophyllum Borneo (2015) 230. Distribution: MINDANAO. Native.
61. Bulbophyllum elassoglossum Siegerist, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 60 (1991) 865; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 37; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 46. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Described from plants grown in the United States. Epiphyte c. 1400m. Native.
62. Bulbophyllum elmeri Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: Elmer 6618 (AMES, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 8-Mar-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Isabela. Native.
63. Bulbophyllum elongatum (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bogor. (1844) 39; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 47; ≡ Ephippium elongatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 308. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, ?Lanao del Sur (photos). Notes: Forest epiphyte, occasionally terrestrial, 100-2000m. Native.
64. Bulbophyllum erosimarginatum Cootes, W.Suarez & R.Boos, Austral. Orchid Rev. 76(4) (2011) 46; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 47. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphytic at c. 600m. Native.
65. Bulbophyllum erosipetalum C.Schweinf., Philip. Orchid Rev. 4(3) (1951) 15; ≡ Osyricera erosipetala (C.Schweinf.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 643; Type: PNH 15085 K.B. Day (AMES, holo), described from cultivated plant originally collected from Mindanao: Cotabato, Dec-1951. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato. Native.
66. Bulbophyllum erratum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 85; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; Type: BS 38685 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo; NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mahilucot River, along stream in forest, c. 1400m, 14-Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
67. Bulbophyllum escritorii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 174; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; Type: BS 20734 Escritor (AMES, holo), Luzon: Quezon, Mar/Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 2000m in Benguet. Native.
68. Bulbophyllum exile Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 208; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; Type: Copeland 1123 (AMES, syn); R.S. Williams 2563 (NY, syn), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, collected on 22-Apr-1904 and 1-Apr-1905, respectively. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphyte in the summit area, c. 2900m. Native.
69. Bulbophyllum exquisitum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 84; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; ≡ Bulbophyllum macgregorii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) 137, nom. illeg.; Type: BS 8322 R.C. McGregor (syn). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, 2100-2400m. Native.
70. Bulbophyllum facetum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 11 (1996) 227; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 38; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 47. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic on tree trunks in fairly shady sites, c. 1200m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
71. Bulbophyllum fascinator (Rolfe) Rolfe, Bot. Mag. 134 (1908) t. 8199; ≡ Cirrhopetalum fascinator Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1908) 69; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 80. Distribution: Borneo, India, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis. Notes: Epiphyte, 800-1000m. Native.
72. Bulbophyllum fenixii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 430; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 48; Type: BS 4138 Fénix. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN, BABUYAN ISLS, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte c. 800m. Native.
73. Bulbophyllum flavescens (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 54; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 48; ≡ Diphyes flavescens Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 313. = Bulbophyllum adenopetalum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) Misc. 85; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 378. = Bulbophyllum ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 25. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic at 500-2700m. Native.
74. Bulbophyllum geminatum Carr, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 5 (1929) 12; ≡ Cirrhopetalum geminatum (Carr) Rysy, Die Orchidee 63 (2012) 16. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Most likely widespread in the Philippines. Epiphytic, to 800m in brightly lit sites. This species is considered by some to be a synonym of Bulbophyllum biflorum Teijsm. & Binn., but see Rysy (2012). Native.
75. Bulbophyllum gerlandianum Kraenzl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 7 (1886) 437. = Bulbophyllum emiliorum Ames & Quisumb., PJS 64 (1931) 377; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 37; Type: Emilio Quisumbing 5154 (AMES, ?holo), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Butuan, epiphytic on tree trunk in mangrove, 22-Aug-1919. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic on tree trunks, 100-400m. Native.
76. Bulbophyllum giganteum (Quisumb. & C.Schweinf.) W.Suarez, Malesian Orchid Journal 7 (2011) 113; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 48; ≡ Bulbophyllum levanae var. giganteum Quisumb. & C.Schweinf., Philip. Orchid Rev. 5 (1953) 2; Type: Rivilla s.n. (AMES, holo), Negros: Negros Oriental, Mt Kanlaon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic up to 500m. Native.
77. Bulbophyllum gilvum J.J.Verm. & A.Lamb, Blumea 38 (1994) 338. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. Native.
78. Bulbophyllum gimagaanense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 49. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, 100-700m. Native.
79. Bulbophyllum glandulosum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 87; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: BS 28787 Ramos & Edaño. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte, 1000m. Native.
80. Bulbophyllum glebodactylum (W.Suarez & Cootes) Sieder & Kiehn, Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien, B 112 (2011) 316; ≡ Epicranthes glebodactyla W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 118; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 149. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-1000m. Native.
81. Bulbophyllum glebulosum J.J.Verm. & Cootes, Malesian Orchid Journal 1 (2008) 147; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 49. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Native.
82. Bulbophyllum gnomoniferum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 209; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: Copeland 1023. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphyte, 1500m. Native.
83. Bulbophyllum gusdorfii J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, II, 25 (1917) 79; ≡ Cirrhopetalum gusdorfii (J.J.Sm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 621. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra. Native.
84. Bulbophyllum halconense Ames, PJS 2 c (1908) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 39; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 49. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Zambales, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic on tree trunks and branches, 1500-2500m. Native.
85. Bulbophyllum hampeliae Cootes, R.Boos & Naive, OrchideenJ. 23 (2016) 3; Type: G. Hampel cult. GH 001/2016 (CMUH00010808, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, 25-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Native.
86. Bulbophyllum hampelianum J.M.H.Shaw, Orchid Rev. Suppl., 125 (1319) (2017) 56; ≡ Cirrhopetalum hampelii R.Boos, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 7; Type: G. Hampel cult. (CMUH00009779, holo), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, 28-Feb-15, c. 700m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Native.
87. Bulbophyllum igneoconstellatum Cootes, Cabactulan, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJournal 27 (2020) 7; Type: De Leon MDL1907007 (PNH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 1-Jul-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
88. Bulbophyllum inacootesiae Cootes, M.Leon & Naive, OrchideenJ. 23 (2016) 160; Type: M.D. De Leon 025/2016 (CMUH00010822, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, ex cult., 31-Jul-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte, 1300m. Native.
89. Bulbophyllum invisum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 148; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Type: Ramos & Edaño 58. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, 2200m. Native.
90. Bulbophyllum jimcootesii (Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice, Photo Intro Asian Bulbophyllum Coelogyne Dendrobium Orchids (2019) 186; ≡ Bulbophyllum jimcootesii (Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) Naive & Alejandro, Lankesteriana 19 (2019) 21, nom. illeg.; ≡ Epicranthes jimcootesii Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 17, as 'Epicrianthes jimcootesii'; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803017 (CAHUP073557, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1300m, 17-Feb-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Bulbophyllum jimcootesii (Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice was published in Jan-2019, whereas Bulbophyllum jimcootesii (Cabactulan, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) Naive & Alejandro was published in Apr-2019. Native.
91. Bulbophyllum josii J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne, Bulbophyllum Sulawesi (2011) 150. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
92. Bulbophyllum karreri Jenny & R.Amsler, Die Orchidee 7 (2021) 27; Type: R. Jenny s.n. (G, holo), Mindanao, ex cult. R. Amsler, Switzerland, Sirnach, Mar-2020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Native.
93. Bulbophyllum kittredgei (Garay, Hamer & Siegerist) J.J.Verm., Nordic J. Bot. 16 (1996) 381; ≡ Synarmosepalum kittredgei Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 639. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, PALAWAN. Native.
94. Bulbophyllum lancifolium Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1583; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 2600m on Mt Apo. Native.
95. Bulbophyllum lancilabium Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 176; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 50; Type: BS 20439 Ramos. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Notes: Epiphyte, 1000m. Native.
96. Bulbophyllum lancipetalum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 23; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; Type: FB 4608 Mearns & Hutchinson. Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 2400m, 4-Jun-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental. Notes: 2000-2400m. Native.
97. Bulbophyllum lasianthum Lindl., Gard. Chron. (1855) 53; Cootes, Orchids Australia 33 (2021) 9. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. Native.
98. Bulbophyllum lasioglossum Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 100; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 39; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 50. = ?Bulbophyllum breviscapum (Rolfe) Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay. Penins. 1 (1907) 78; ≡ Cirrhopetalum breviscapum Rolfe, Bot. Mag. 131 (1905) t. 8033. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Nueva Ecija. Notes: Endemic unless identical with Bulbophyllum breviscapum (Rolfe) Ridl. of Peninsular Malaysia. Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Native.
99. Bulbophyllum lasiopetalum Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 57; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Type: Loher s.n. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?LUZON. Native.
100. Bulbophyllum laxiflorum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 57; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 51; ≡ Diphyes laxiflora Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 316; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 40. = Bulbophyllum luzonense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. = Bulbophyllum syllectum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 383; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. Distribution: Borneo, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, 120-1000m. Native.
101. Bulbophyllum leibergii Ames & Rolfe, Orch. 5 (1915) 177; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Type: Leiberg 6034. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Notes: 900m. Native.
102. Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides Rolfe, Gard. Chron., 1 (1890) 672; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 51; Naive & Cootes, Lankasteriana 22 (2022) 80; Type: from Indonesia. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Epiphyte, 600-800m. Conservation status: Endangered (Naive & Cootes 2022). Native.
103. Bulbophyllum lepantense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 40; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 51. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphytic on mossy trunks and branches, 2200-2450m. Native.
104. Bulbophyllum lepidum (Blume) J.J.Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 471; ≡ Cirrhopetalum lepidum (Blume) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 185; ≡ Ephippium lepidum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 310. Distribution: China, Indochina, Philippines. Notes: W and C Malesia; possibly a synonym of Bulbophyllum flabellum-veneris (J.Koenig) Aver. Native.
105. Bulbophyllum leptocaulon Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 59; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; Type: Loher s.n., probably Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?LUZON. Notes: Known only from the original description and fragment of the type. Native.
106. Bulbophyllum levanae Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 178; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Sorsogon, Zambales, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, occasionally lithophytic, 1000m. Native.
107. Bulbophyllum leytense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 178; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 51. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphyte, 200-500m. Native.
108. Bulbophyllum lipense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 3 (1923) 22; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; Type: BS 38582 Ramos & Edaño. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte in damp forest, 1300m. Native.
109. Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 33 (1847) t. 29; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 41; Schuiteman et al., Nordic J. Bot. 26 (2008) 268; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 52. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Native.
     • ssp. lobbii. = Sestochilos uniflorum Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. (1827) t. 3. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, 1000-1500m. Native.
     • ssp. siamense (Rchb.f.) Mangal, F.Velazquez & J.J.Verm., Bulbophyllum Borneo (2015) 40; ≡ Bulbophyllum siamense Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. (1867) 572. = Bulbophyllum bataanense Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 96; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 39; Type: Whitford 163 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao, May-1904. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao. Notes: Epiphytic at low elevation. Native.
110. Bulbophyllum loherianum (Kraenzl.) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; ≡ Cirrhopetalum loherianum Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 61; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 54; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 80. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
111. Bulbophyllum longiflorum Thouars, Hist. Orchid. (1822) t. 98. = Cirrhopetalum umbellatum (G.Forst.) Reinw. ex Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy. (1832) 71; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 83; ≡ Epidendrum umbellatum G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. (1786) 60. = Cirrhopetalum trisetum (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 622; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 55; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 83; ≡ Bulbophyllum trisetum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Madagascar, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, SAMAR. Notes: Troughout the Philippines. Epiphyte, up to 1200m. Epiphytic, up to 1200m. Native.
112. Bulbophyllum longipetiolatum Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1584; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; Type: Elmer 10883. Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, Todaya. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato (photos). Notes: Epiphytic in humid forest, c. 1300m. Native.
113. Bulbophyllum macranthum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) t. 13; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 52; ≡ Carparomorchis macrantha (Lindl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 499. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 1000m. Native.
114. Bulbophyllum maculatum Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13A (1880) 235. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
115. Bulbophyllum magnum J.J.Verm., Cootes & W.Suarez, Malesian Orchid J. 11 (2013) 93; Type: W. Suarez s.n. (NSW, holo). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Notes: Epiphytic, 600-1200m. Native.
116. Bulbophyllum makoyanum (Rchb.f.) Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay Penins. 1 (1907) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; ≡ Cirrhopetalum makoyanum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 11(1) (1879) 234; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 55; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 81. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore. BUSUANGA, LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Cavite, Ifugao, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 300m. Native.
117. Bulbophyllum maquilingense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 208; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 41; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 53. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Epiphytic up to 1000m. Native.
     • var. maquilingense. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic, usually at the base of small trees, c. 1000m. Native.
118. Bulbophyllum marivelense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 53. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic to 1100m. Native.
119. Bulbophyllum marknaivei Cootes, R.Boos & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. (2016) 4; Type: G. Hampel cult. GH 004/2016 (CMUH00010806, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, 26-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Native.
120. Bulbophyllum masaganapense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 302; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 53. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, Sorsogon. Notes: Epiphytic between 200 and 1300m. Native.
121. Bulbophyllum maxillare (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 248; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 42; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 54; ≡ Phyllorkis maxillaris (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 677; ≡ Cirrhopetalum maxillare Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 49. = Bulbophyllum blumei (Kuntze) J.J.Sm., Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 459; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; ≡ Phyllorkis blumei Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 676. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Cavite, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, usually on tree trunks, up to 300m. Native.
122. Bulbophyllum mearnsii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 430; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; Orch. Philip. (2001) 42; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 54; ≡ Bulbophyllum carinatum Ames, PJS, 7 c (1912) 140, nom. illeg., non (L.) Náves. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 900m. Native.
123. Bulbophyllum membranaceum Teijsm. & Binn., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 5 (1854) 488. Distribution: Java, Malaysia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Thailand. Native.
124. Bulbophyllum membranifolium Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 756. Distribution: LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, MINDORO. Native.
     • ssp. inunctum (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Verm., P.O'Byrne & A.Lamb, Bulbophyllum Borneo (2015) 244; ≡ Bulbophyllum inunctum J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 3 (1906) 37; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 50. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Epiphytic at c. 500 m. Native.
     • ssp. membranifolium. = Bulbophyllum costatum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 299; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 43; Type: C.A. Wenzel 665. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Forest epiphyte, 600m. Native.
125. Bulbophyllum merrittii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 334; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
126. Bulbophyllum migueldavidii Cootes, Cabactulan & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 4; Type: M.D. De Leon 002/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 17-Oct-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
127. Bulbophyllum mindorense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 334; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDORO. Native.
128. Bulbophyllum mona-lisae Sieder & Kiehn, CITES Orchid Checkl. 5 (2009) 404; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 55. = Bulbophyllum melanoglossum Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 60, nom. illeg., non Hayata; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: South Cotabato (photos). Notes: Mostly epiphytic over 1000m. Hand-written comments (by Schweinfurth?) regarding the name Bulbophyllum melanochilum Kraenzl. on the holotype sheet at A: “No record of this name was found. May it not be B. melanoglossum Kraenzl.?” C.S., Feb. 1936”. Native.
129. Bulbophyllum monstrabile Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 182; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
130. Bulbophyllum mucronatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 50; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 55; ≡ Diphyes mucronata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 317. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO, MINDORO, SAMAR. Native.
     • ssp. mucronatum. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest over 500m. Native.
     • ssp. alagense (Ames) J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne, Bulbophyllum Sulawesi (2011) 196; ≡ Bulbophyllum alagense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 333; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 31; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 37. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Widespread in Mindanao. Epiphytic, to 500m. Native.
131. Bulbophyllum mutabile (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 48; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 56; ≡ Diphyes mutabilis Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 312. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphyte 400-2000m. Native.
132. Bulbophyllum nasseri Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 303; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 56. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan. Notes: Epiphyte at low elevation. Native.
133. Bulbophyllum negrosianum Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1586; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; Orch. Philip. (2001) 43; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 56. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1400m. Native.
134. Bulbophyllum neilkonradii (Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice, Photo Intro Asian Bulbophyllum Coelogyne Dendrobium Orchids (2019) 186; ≡ Bulbophyllum neilkonradii (Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) Naive & Alejandro, Lankesteriana 19 (2019) 21, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; ≡ Epicranthes neilkonradii Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 17, as 'Epicrianthes neilkonradii'; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803018 (CAHUP073558, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1300m, 17-Feb-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Bulbophyllum neilkonradii (Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) R.Rice was published in Jan-2019, whereas Bulbophyllum neilkonradii (Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) Naive & Alejandro was published in Apr-2019. Native.
135. Bulbophyllum nemorale L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 100. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON. Native.
136. Bulbophyllum nymphopolitanum Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 60; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 43; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 57. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic or occasionally lithophytic, up to 1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
137. Bulbophyllum ocellatum Cootes & M.A.Clem., Austral. Orchid Rev. 76(4) (2011) 48; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 57. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Epiphyte 500-800m. Native.
138. Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 54; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 44; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 57; ≡ Diphyes odorata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 312. = Bulbophyllum deceptum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 171; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 45; Type: C.A. Wenzel 148 (AMES, holo), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, epiphyte in forest, 21-Jun-1913. = Bulbophyllum mindanaense Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1585; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 55. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 1300m. Native.
139. Bulbophyllum orectopetalum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Orchidee 43 (1992) 41. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, India, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. Notes: Considered a synonym of Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl. by Schuiteman et al. (2008). Native.
140. Bulbophyllum ornithorhynchum (J.J.Sm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Orchidee (Hamburg) 43 (1992) 266; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 58; ≡ Cirrhopetalum ornithorhynchus J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. (1903) t. 121. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte at low elevation. Synonym of Bulbophyllum leysianum Burb. (Catalogue of Life, 2019)? Native.
141. Bulbophyllum othonis (Kuntze) J.J.Sm., Bull. Gard. Bot. Buitenz., ii, 8 (1912) 26; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; ≡ Phyllorkis othonis Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 676. = Cirrhopetalum nutans Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 25 (Misc.) (1839) 71; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 55; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 81; ≡ Bulbophyllum nutans (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 260, nom. illeg., non Thouars. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.
142. Bulbophyllum ovalifolium (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 49; ≡ Diphyes ovalifolia Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 7 (1825) 310. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: South Cotabato (photos). Native.
143. Bulbophyllum pampangense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 92; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Type: Merrill 11214 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Pampanga, Dec-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pampanga. Native.
144. Bulbophyllum papillipetalum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 149; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Type: Ramos & Edaño 79 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Boadan, epiphytic on mossy forest slope, 6800ft, 27-Sep-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
145. Bulbophyllum papulosum Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 304; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 44; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 58. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic to 500m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
146. Bulbophyllum pardalotum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 10 (1995) 179; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 45; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 58. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m in well-lit sites. Native.
147. Bulbophyllum pauciflorum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Type: Vanoverbergh 1381 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Mountain Province, 1650m, 17-Aug-1911. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphytic, 1650m. Native.
148. Bulbophyllum penduliscapum J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 101. = Bulbophyllum jarense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 301; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; Type: C.A. Wenzel 761 (NY, iso), Leyte: Jaro, 27-Nov-1917. Distribution: LEYTE. Notes: Forest epiphyte, 500m. Native.
149. Bulbophyllum peramoenum Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 430; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Type: Merrill 8271 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 28-Nov-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Zamboanga, MINDORO. Native.
150. Bulbophyllum piestoglossum J.J.Verm., Blumea 38 (1993) 152; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 46; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 59; Type: PNH 5362 MD Sulit (L, holo; AMES, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, epiphytic, 800m, 23-Apr-1947. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic usually on tree trunks, 600-1300m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
151. Bulbophyllum pleurocrepis J.J.Verm., Cootes & M.Perry, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 17; Type: Perry 591 (L, holo), Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
152. Bulbophyllum pleurothalloides Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 335; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Type: Merrill 6128 (AMES, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, on mossy trunks, 4500ft, 14-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, c. 1500m. Native.
153. Bulbophyllum plumatum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 184; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; ≡ Rhytionanthos plumatum (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 639; ≡ Cirrhopetalum plumatum (Ames) Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 82; Type: BS 21479 Escritor (AMES, holo). Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 500m. Native.
154. Bulbophyllum polyflorum (W.Suarez) J.M.H.Shaw, Orchid Rev. Suppl., 124 (1314) (2016) 35; ≡ Cirrhopetalum multiflorum W.Suarez, Austral. Orchid Rev. 76(4) (2011) 54; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 81. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
155. Bulbophyllum prasinoglossum Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 6; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803006 (CAHUP073546, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1200m, 17-Feb-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental. Native.
156. Bulbophyllum pseudoconiferum W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 74; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 59. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 1400m. Native.
157. Bulbophyllum puberulosum Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 7; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803007 (CAHUP073547, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1200m., 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
158. Bulbophyllum puguahaanense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 185; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; ≡ Cirrhopetalum puguahaanense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 619; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 82. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 500m. Native.
159. Bulbophyllum punctulatum Jenny & R.Amsler, Orchid Rev. 128 (2020) 45; Type: Jenny s.n. (G, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, Mt Balatukan, Georg Hampel ex cult. Roland Amsler, 27-May-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Native.
160. Bulbophyllum pyrrosifolium Cabactulan, Cootes, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 6(5) (2018) 9; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803022 (CAHUP073648, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 1600m, 11-Mar-18. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
161. Bulbophyllum ravanii Cootes, OrchideenJ. 18 (2011) 83; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 60. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte 880-930m. Native.
162. Bulbophyllum recurvilabre Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 304; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 60. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphyte up to 500m. Native.
163. Bulbophyllum restrepia (Ridl.) Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay. Penins. 1 (1907) 78; ≡ Cirrhopetalum restrepia Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 3 (1893) 365. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. SAMAR. Native.
164. Bulbophyllum rhizomatosum Ames & C.Schweinf. in Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 194; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 61. = Bulbophyllum filicoides Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 84; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: Elmer 14200. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 1500m. Native.
165. Bulbophyllum romyi B.Thoms, Orchids (West Palm Beach) 84 (2015) 631; ≡ Cirrhopetalum romyi (B.Thoms) Cootes, Orchids Austral. 32 (2020) 10; Type: B. Thoms 110460 (SEL, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, near Malaybalay, 200-400m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
166. Bulbophyllum rubrolingue Cootes & R.Boos, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 165; Type: Cootes Cult. NSW 907363 (NSW, holo), Leyte, Lake Danao, 1-Feb-2015. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
167. Bulbophyllum rubusioides Naive, M.Leon & Cootes, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 11; Type: M.D. De Leon 005/2016 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan, 21-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
168. Bulbophyllum rugosum Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1897) 266. = Bulbophyllum dagamense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 170; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; Type: C.A. Wenzel 57 (AMES, holo), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, 31-Dec-1912. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LEYTE. Native.
169. Bulbophyllum rysyanum Roeth, Orchidee (Hamburg) 58(4) (2007) 512; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 61. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Exact locality unknown (Cootes 2011). Epiphyte at medium elevation. Native.
170. Bulbophyllum sagemuelleri R.Bustam. & Kindler, Die Orchidee 66 (2015) 370; ≡ Epicranthes sagemuelleri (R.Bustam. & Kindler) Cootes & R.Boos, Orchids Australia (2015) 29, as 'Epicrianthes sagemuelleri'; Type: Sagemueller s.n. cult. (CMUH00009785, holo), Negros: Brgy Patag, Mt Mandalagan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Native.
171. Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 265. = Bulbophyllum maculosum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 180; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 52. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte in forest at 60-1300m. Native.
172. Bulbophyllum santosii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 186; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 46; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 61. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic to 800m. Native.
173. Bulbophyllum sapphirinum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 187; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
174. Bulbophyllum saurocephalum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. n.s. (1886) 262; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 47; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 62. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic at c. 1000m. Native.
     • ssp. oncoglossum W.Suarez, Austral. Orchid Rev. 76(4) (2011) 56; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 62. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
     • ssp. saurocephalum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Notes: Known from Mt Banahaw. Native.
175. Bulbophyllum savaiense Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 106. Distribution: LEYTE, MINDORO. Native.
     • ssp. subcubicum (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Verm., Orchid Monogr. 7 (1993) 141; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 62; ≡ Bulbophyllum subcubicum J.J.Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1912) 487; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 48. = Bulbophyllum philippinense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 303; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; Type: C.A. Wenzel (AMES, holo; US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Jaro, epiphyte in forest, 500m, 13-Nov-1914. Distribution: Java, New Guinea. LEYTE, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic. Cootes (2001) cites 2000m, but no 2000m mountain in Leyte. Apparently referring to localities outside the Philippines? Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11 for Bulbophyllum philippinense). Naturalized.
176. Bulbophyllum schaiblei Cootes & Naive, OrchideenJ. 24 (2017) 55; Type: NSW993097 (NSW, holo), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya, cult. at Bowraville, NSW, Australia, 17-Aug-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
177. Bulbophyllum schefferi (Kuntze) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2) (1915) 417; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 63; ≡ Phyllorkis schefferi Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 676. = Bulbophyllum marcidum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 90; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic up to 1600m. Native.
178. Bulbophyllum sempiternum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 304; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 63. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte 500-800m. Native.
179. Bulbophyllum sensile Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 188; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Native.
180. Bulbophyllum sibuyanense Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1587; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388; ≡ Cirrhopetalum sibuyanense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 620; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 82. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 400m. Native.
181. Bulbophyllum simulacrum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 189; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
182. Bulbophyllum socordine J.J.Verm. & Cootes, Malesian Orchid J. 1 (2008) 149; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 63. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 1200m. Native.
183. Bulbophyllum stellatum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128, 141; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 63. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 1200m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
184. Bulbophyllum subaequale Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 93; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Native.
185. Bulbophyllum superfluum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26 (1929) 172. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pampanga. Native.
186. Bulbophyllum surigaense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 449; ≡ Cirrhopetalum surigaense (Ames & Quisumb.) W.Suarez, Phil. Orch. Rev. 15(2) (2007) 18; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 83; Type: BS 84715 Quisumbing (AMES, holo), from cultivated material in Manila, provenance: Mindanao: Surigao, 1931. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, MINDORO. Native.
187. Bulbophyllum tenuifolium (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1830) 50; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 64; ≡ Diphyes tenuifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 310. = Bulbophyllum chryseum (Kraenzl.) Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 54; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; ≡ Cirrhopetalum chryseum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8 (1910) 97. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Rizal. Notes: Mtns of C Luzon. Epiphyte up to 500m. Native.
188. Bulbophyllum toppingii Ames, PJS 7 c (1914) Bot. 432; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
189. Bulbophyllum tortuosum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1830) 50; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 64; ≡ Diphyes tortuosa Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 311. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 900m. Native.
190. Bulbophyllum translucidum Kindler, R.Bustam. & Ferreras, Die Orchidee 2 (2016) 4; Type: Ferreras UF1071 (PNH, holo; PUH, CAHUP, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Sur, Prosperidad, Lower Ognop Area, 8-Apr-2015. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, SAMAR. Native.
191. Bulbophyllum treschii Jenny, Orchid Digest 76 (2012) 151; ≡ Cirrhopetalum treschii (Jenny) Cootes, Orchids Austral. 32 (2020) 10. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines. Notes: P.B. Pelser (27-Feb-21): observed by in a large orchid nursery in Cavite and presumably collected in the Philippines (Cootes, pers. comm. 27-Feb-21). Native.
192. Bulbophyllum trigonosepalum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 384; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 64. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte at c. 1000m. Native.
193. Bulbophyllum tsekourioides M.Leon, Naive & Cootes, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 12; Type: M.D. De Leon 012/2016 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
194. Bulbophyllum unguiculatum Rchb.f., Linnaea 22 (1849) 836. = Bulbophyllum reilloi Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 431; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. Distribution: Malesia, New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Native.
195. Bulbophyllum uniflorum (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor (1844) 39; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 82; ≡ Ephippium uniflorum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 309. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 600-1300m. Native.
196. Bulbophyllum vagans Ames & Rolfe, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 335; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 65. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Lanao, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte 800-1400m. Native.
     • var. angustum Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 335; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
     • var. vagans. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
197. Bulbophyllum vaginatum (Lindl.) Rchb.f., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 261; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 82; ≡ Cirrhopetalum vaginatum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 59; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 84. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte up to 300m. Native.
198. Bulbophyllum vermiculare Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 188. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi. PANAY. Native.
199. Bulbophyllum vespertilio Ferreras & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 150; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 65. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 150m. Native.
200. Bulbophyllum vinicolor Cabactulan, Cootes, Aurigue, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 8; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803008 (CAHUP073548, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1500m, 17-Feb-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
201. Bulbophyllum weberi Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389; ≡ Cirrhopetalum weberi (Ames) Senghas, Schlechter Orchideen 1(13) (1983) 775; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 56; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 84. = Cirrhopetalum baucoense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 621; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 79; ≡ Bulbophyllum baucoense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 166. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Davao, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic on tree trunks, to c. 1500m. Native.
202. Bulbophyllum williamsii A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 14 (1956) 93; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 66; ≡ Bulbophyllum caudatum L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 99, nom. illeg., non Lindl. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Epiphyte at c. 1000m. Native.
203. Bulbophyllum woelfliae Garay, Senghas & K.Lemcke, J. Orchideenfreund 3 (1996) 37; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 66. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra. Notes: Epiphyte 1400-2000m. Native.
204. Bulbophyllum zambalense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 134; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Zambales. Native.
205. Bulbophyllum zamboangense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 433; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 390; ≡ Cirrhopetalum zamboangense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 4(6) (1994) 621. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga. Native.

Possibly present

1. Bulbophyllum putidum (Teijsm. & Binn.) J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 2, 8 (1912) 27; ≡ Cirrhopetalum putidum Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24 (1862) 311; ≡ Mastigion putidum (Teijsm. & Binn.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 637. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia, ?Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand.
2. Bulbophyllum trigonopus (Rchb.f.) P.T.Ong, Res. Pam. Forest Res. Inst. Federation of Malaya 136 (2017) 42; ≡ Cirrhopetalum trigonopus Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 16 (1881) 71. = Bulbophyllum abbreviatum (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. ex Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 29(1) (1973) 73, nom. illeg., non Schltr.; ≡ Cirrhopetalum abbreviatum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 2 (1881) 70. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Thailand. ?LEYTE.

Calanthe R.Br.

1. Calanthe alba W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 116; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 67. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 1300m. Native.
2. Calanthe amboinensis (Blume) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 161; ≡ Phaius amboinensis Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 180; Ormerod, Taiwania 49 (2004) 178; Type: from Ambon. Distribution: Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. JOLO, NEGROS. Notes: 610-975m. Native.
3. Calanthe angustifolia (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 251; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 68; ≡ Styloglossum angustifolium (Blume) T.Yukawa & P.J.Cribb, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 40 (2014) 147; ≡ Amblyglottis angustifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 369; Type: from Java. Distribution: China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, over 2000m. Native.
4. Calanthe borneensis (J.J.Sm.) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 161; ≡ Phaius borneensis J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 6; Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 178; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 203; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.
5. Calanthe callosa (Blume) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 162; ≡ Phaius callosus (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1831) 128; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 203; ≡ Limodorum callosum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 374. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Sorsogon (photos), MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN (photos). Native.
6. Calanthe conspicua Lindl., Fol. Orch. Calanthe (1855) 4; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 68. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LUZON: Albay, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial, 300-1000m. Native.
7. Calanthe cootesii Naive, Taiwania 62 (2017) 331; Type: M.A. Naive 016/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kitanglad Mountain Range, Mt Maagnaw, 15-Apr-2017. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Naive 2017). Native.
8. Calanthe davaensis Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 422; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 68. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 2000m. Native.
9. Calanthe furcata Bateman ex Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) 28; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 69; Type: Cuming s.n. (Herb. J. Lindley). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Misamis, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUTU, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 2500m. Part of the Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames species complex and considered doubtfully distinct by some. Native.
10. Calanthe halconensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 324; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 69; ≡ Styloglossum halconense (Ames) T.Yukawa & P.J.Cribb, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 40 (2014) 148. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: 700-1300m. Native.
11. Calanthe jusnerii Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13A (1880) 247. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
12. Calanthe kooshunensis Fukuy., Rep. (Annual) Taihoku Bot. Gard. 3 (1933) 85; Chase et al., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 167. = Cephalantheropsis halconensis (Ames) S.S.Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 3 (1988) 622; ≡ Phaius halconensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 323; Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 331; Type: Merrill 5513 (AMES, holo; K, NMNH, iso), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 16-Nov-1906. = Cephalantheropsis calanthoides (Ames) T.S.Liu & H.J.Su, Fl. Taiwan 5 (1978) 918; ≡ Phaius calanthoides Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 153; Type: R.S. Williams 1947 (NY9150-9151, syn; AMES, NMNH, isosyn), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 25-Oct-1904; D.L. Topping 20 (syn). Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (photos). Notes: Is Phaius calanthoides Ames a synonym of Cephalantheropsis longipes (Hook.f.) Ormerod instead (Lin et al. 2016)? Native.
13. Calanthe lacerata Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 11; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 70. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Sur, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial, 1000-2500m. Native.
14. Calanthe laciniata (Ormerod) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 163; ≡ Cephalantheropsis laciniata Ormerod, Orchid Digest 62 (1998) 157. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Vietnam. PALAWAN (photos). Native.
15. Calanthe longipes Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 195; Chase et al., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 167; ≡ Cephalantheropsis longipes (Hook.f.) Ormerod, Orchid Digest 62 (1998) 156; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 72; Type: from India. = Phaius mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 324; Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 332; Type: Merrill 5612 (AMES, holo), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 13-Nov-1906. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Tibet, Vietnam. MINDORO, NEGROS (photos). Notes: Terrestrial, 600-940m. Native.
16. Calanthe lyonii (Ames) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 163; ≡ Phaius lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 94; Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 332. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
17. Calanthe lyroglossa Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 53; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 70; ≡ Styloglossum lyroglossum (Rchb.f.) T.Yukawa & P.J.Cribb, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 40 (2014) 149; Type: Wilkes Expedition s.n. (GH, possible type), Luzon: Mt Mahahai (Mt Banahaw), 1838. Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Laguna, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial, 50-1100m. Native.
18. Calanthe maquilingensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 97; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 70; ≡ Styloglossum maquilingense (Ames) T.Yukawa & P.J.Cribb, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 40 (2014) 149. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial, 600-1000m. Native.
19. Calanthe mcgregorii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 325; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 70. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao, MINDORO, NEGROS, POLILLO. Notes: c. 300m. Part of the Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames species complex and considered doubtfully distinct by some. Native.
20. Calanthe mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 325; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 71; Type: Merrill 5525, Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 700m. Part of the Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames species complex and considered doubtfully distinct by some. Native.
21. Calanthe mishmensis (Lindl. & Paxton) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 163; ≡ Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 43; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 204; ≡ Limatodis mishmensis Lindl. & Paxton, Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 3 (1852) 36; Type: from India. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. Native.
22. Calanthe nivalis Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13 (1880) 247. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
23. Calanthe obcordata (Lindl.) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 164; ≡ Cephalantheropsis obcordata (Lindl.) Ormerod, Orchid Digest 62 (1998) 157; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 72; ≡ Bletia obcordata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1831) 123; Type: from Bangladesh. = Phaius ramosii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 96; ≡ Calanthe ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 12. Distribution: China, India, Java, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (photos). Native.
24. Calanthe philippinensis (N.E.Br.) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 164; ≡ Phaius philippinensis N.E.Br., Gard. Chron. iii, 6 (1889) 239; Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 332; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 204. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur (photos), Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Native.
25. Calanthe pulchra (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 250; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 335; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 71; ≡ Styloglossum pulchrum (Blume) T.Yukawa & P.J.Cribb, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 40 (2014) 150; ≡ Amblyglottis pulchra Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 371. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Terrestrial, 100-800m. Native.
26. Calanthe reflexipetala (J.J.Wood & Shim) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 164; ≡ Phaius reflexipetalus J.J.Wood & Shim in C.L.Chan et al., Orchids of Borneo 1 (1994) 231; Salares et al., Phytotaxa 360 (2018) 260; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. CEBU, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Native.
27. Calanthe rubens Ridl., Gard. Chron., III (1890) 576; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 49; ≡ Preptanthe rubens (Ridl.) Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 4 (1924) 123. = Calanthe elmeri Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 155; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. BUSUANGA, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 1800m. Native.
28. Calanthe siargaoensis M.Leon, Naive & Cootes, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 61; Type: M.D. De Leon 013/2016 (CMUH, holo), Siargao. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU (photos by Pelser & Barcelona), SIARGAO. Notes: Part of the Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames species complex and considered doubtfully distinct by some. Native.
29. Calanthe × sibuyanense Cootes & G.Tiong, OrchideenJ. 20 (2013) 171. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Calanthe mindorensis × Calanthe triplicata (= Calanthe furcata?). Part of the Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames species complex and considered doubtfully distinct by some. Native.
30. Calanthe speciosa (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1833) 250; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 71; ≡ Styloglossum speciosum (Blume) T.Yukawa & P.J.Cribb, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 40 (2014) 150; ≡ Amblyglottis speciosa Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 371. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial, 100-1500m. Native.
31. Calanthe stenocentron (Schltr.) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 165; ≡ Phaius stenocentron Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 68. = Phaius fragilis L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 102; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 204. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
32. Calanthe tankervilleae (Banks) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 165; ≡ Phaius tankervilleae (Banks) Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 177; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 205; ≡ Limodorum tankervilleae Banks, Sert. Angl. (1789) 28. = Phaius tankervilleae var. antoninae (P.Balzer) J.V.Stone & P.J.Cribb, Lady Tankerville's Legacy (2017) 103; ≡ Phaius antoninae P.Balzer, OrchideenJ. 2(2) (2011) 62; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 203. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), SAMAR. Native.
33. Calanthe vestita Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 250; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 72. = Calanthe hennisii Loher, Gard. Chron. iii, 46 (1909) 34; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 48; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 69. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, South Cotabato, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte on base of trees, 500-1000m. Native.
34. Calanthe woodfordii (Hook.) M.W.Chase, Christenh. & Schuit., Phytotaxa 472 (2020) 166; ≡ Bletia woodfordii Hook., Bot. Mag. 54 (1827) t. 2719. = Paraphaius flavus (Blume) J.W.Zhai, Z.J.Liu & F.W.Xing, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 77 (2014) 221; ≡ Phaius flavus (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1831) 128; Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 331; Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 179; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 204; ≡ Limodorum flavum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 375; Type: from Java. = Phaius linearifolius Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 10; Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 331; Type: Vanoverbergh 1288 (AMES, holo; AMES 2 sheets, L, NY 2 sheets, US, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, growing in brooks, 1650m, 28-Jun-1911. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Benguet, Cagayan, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY. Native.

Possibly present

1. Calanthe masuca (D.Don) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 249; ≡ Bletia masuca D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal (1825) 30; Type: from Nepal. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Japan, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, Nepal, ?Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. ?PALAWAN. Notes: Photos by Jose Edgar and Jonah van Beijnen possibly represent this species.
2. Calanthe rosea (Lindl.) Benth., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18 (1880) 309; ≡ Limatodis rosea Lindl., Paxton's Fl. Gard. 3 (1852) 35. Distribution: Myanmar, ?Philippines, Thailand. ?LUZON.

Ceratocentron Senghas (Endemic)

1. Ceratocentron fesselii Senghas, Orchidee (Hamburg) 40 (1989) 90; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 49; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 73. = Tuberolabium calcaratum T.Hashim., Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 10 (1991) 33. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Ceratostylis Blume

1. Ceratostylis caespitosa L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 96; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 73. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS (photos). Notes: Epiphyte, c. 500m. Native.
2. Ceratostylis dataensis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 151; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, PANAY. Native.
3. Ceratostylis elmeri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 49; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
4. Ceratostylis heterophylla W.Suarez, Austral. Orchid Rev. 76(4) (2011) 52; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 74. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte, 1200-1500m. Native.
5. Ceratostylis incognita J.T.Atwood & Beckner, Selbyana 19 (1999) 265; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 50; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 74. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, usually in very brightly lit spots, 750-1500m. Native.
6. Ceratostylis latipetala Ames, PJS 4 c (1910) Bot. 671; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 74. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Davao, Misamis, Zamboanga, PANAY. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 1400m. Synonym of Ceratostylis retisquama Rchb.f.? Native.
7. Ceratostylis loheri L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 97; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 75. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 800m. Native.
8. Ceratostylis mindanaensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 51; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
9. Ceratostylis philippinensis Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 79; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 75. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte 60-800m. Native.
10. Ceratostylis pristina M.Leon, Naive & Cootes, Phytotaxa 305 (2017) 299; Type: M.D. De Leon 007/2016 (CMUH 00010858, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, epiphytic in montane forest with open canopy, 21-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
11. Ceratostylis ramosa Ames & Rolfe in Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 149; Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 323; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 149; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 75. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte, 500-1600m. Native.
12. Ceratostylis retisquama Rchb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 53; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 51; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 75. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental. Notes: Epiphytic, to 500m. Native.
13. Ceratostylis rubra Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 670; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Synonym of Ceratostylis retisquama Rchb.f.? Native.
14. Ceratostylis senilis Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 54; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 51; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 76. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in brightly-lit sites at c. 1000m. Native.
15. Ceratostylis subulata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 306; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 52; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 76. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 2100m. Native.
16. Ceratostylis wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 421; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 76. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Davao, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Epiphyte, 60-800m. Native.

Cestichis Thouars

1. Cestichis halconensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 321; Ormerod et al., Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 281; ≡ Liparis halconensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 176; Type: Merrill 5799 (AMES, holo; K, iso), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 8-Nov-1906. = Liparis viridicallus Holttum, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1953) 4; Type: from Malaysia. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. CEBU (photos), LUZON: Ifugao, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial or lithophyte, 400-800m. Native.

Chamaeanthus Schltr.

1. Chamaeanthus wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 200; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 404; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 76; Type: Wenzel 110 (GH, holo; AMES, K, MO, iso), Leyte. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Cotabato, Davao, POLILLO. Notes: Epiphyte, low elevation. Native.

Possibly present

1. Chamaeanthus brachystachys Schltr. ex J.J.Sm., Orch Java (1905) 552; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 82. Distribution: Borneo, Java, ?Philippines, Thailand.

Cheirostylis Blume

1. Cheirostylis chinensis Rolfe, Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 9 (1895) 158; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 77. = Cheirostylis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 59; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275; Type: from Taiwan. = Cheirostylis taiwanensis Yamam., J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 5 (1933) 54; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: China, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Quezon, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: In mountainous regions at 300-900 m. Native.
2. Cheirostylis octodactyla Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 314; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 77; Type: Merrill 5834 (AMES, holo; K, iso), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 22-Nov-1906. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet (photos), Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, 1500-2700m. Native.

Chelonistele Pfitzer

1. Chelonistele sulphurea (Blume) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich, IV, 50 II B 7 (1907) 137; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 78; ≡ Chelonanthera sulphurea Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 384; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 52. Distribution: LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.
   • var. sulphurea. = Coelogyne ramosii Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 90; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: According to Cootes (2001) recorded from thoughout Mindanao. Epiphytic, 600-2700m. Native.

Chrysoglossum Blume

1. Chrysoglossum ornatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 337; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 78; Type: from Java. Distribution: Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. CEBU, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial c. 900m. Native.

Cionisaccus Breda

1. Cionisaccus procera (Ker Gawl.) M.C.Pace, Brittonia 72 (2020) 263; ≡ Goodyera procera (Ker Gawl.) Hook., Exot. Fl. 1 (1823) t. 39; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 163; ≡ Neottia procera Ker Gawl., Bot. Reg. 8 (1822) t. 639; Type: from Nepal. = Goodyera philippinensis (Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 392; ≡ Epipactis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 60; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271; Type: Topping 502 (AMES, holo; AMES, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Pagsanjan, 1904. Throughout much of Asia. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Cavite, Laguna, Mountain Province, Zambales, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Reasonably common in Luzon at 100-1100m elevation. Native.

Claderia Hook.f.

Incertae sedis

1. Claderia sp.; Schuiteman, Kew Bulletin 67 (2012) 571-573. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Notes: Only known from a single specimen: Loher 2151 (K). Conservation status: possibly Extinct (Schuiteman 2012). Native.

Cleisostoma Blume

1. Cleisostoma aikoae Cootes, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 131; Type: Schneider s.n. NSW907364 (NSW, holo), Mindoro: Mount Thimble, c. 600m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
2. Cleisostoma duplicilobum (J.J.Sm.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 171; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 85; ≡ Garayanthus duplicilobus (J.J.Sm.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 136; ≡ Sarcanthus duplicilobus J.J.Sm., Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13 (1907) 64. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Laos, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte 500-2000m. Native.
3. Cleisostoma sagittatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 363; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 85. = Sarcanthus malleifer J.J.Sm., Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. 72 (1912) 90 (reprint 19); Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437. Distribution: Java, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Bulacan (photos), MINDANAO: Agusan, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
4. Cleisostoma subulatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 363; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 55; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 85; ≡ Sarcanthus subulatus (Blume) Rchb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 41. = Cleisostoma dealbatum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (Misc.) (1843) 5; ≡ Sarcanthus dealbatus (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1864) 892; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. = Cleisostoma iloconense Calaramo, Cootes & Palting, Die Orchidee 2 (2016) 2; Type: HNUL009002 (holo), Luzon: Kalinga-Apayao, Solsona. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BALABAC, BANCALAN, BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Epiphytic in partially shaded to fully exposed sites, up to 300m. Native.
5. Cleisostoma uraiense (Hayata) Garay & H.R.Sweet, Orchids S. Ryukyu Is. (1974) 156; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 85; ≡ Sarcanthus uraiensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 8 (1919) 130; Type: from Taiwan. = Sarcanthus micranthus Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 250; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437. Distribution: Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 900m. Native.
6. Cleisostoma williamsonii (Rchb.f.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 175; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 86; ≡ Sarcanthus williamsonii Rchb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 221 (1865) 353. = Cleisostoma weberi (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 175; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 57; ≡ Sarcanthus weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 252; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437; Type: Weber 252 (AMES), Mindanao: Davao, epiphytic on mangrove trees in tidal swamp, 7-Sep-1911. Distribution: Borneo, China, Hong Kong, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, South Cotabato, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.

Excluded

1. Cleisostoma racemiferum (Lindl.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harv. Uni. 23, 4 (1972) 173; Ormerod et al., Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 62; ≡ Saccolabium racemiferum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1833) 224; Type: from India. = Cleisostoma striolatum (Rchb.f.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 175; ≡ Sarcanthus striolatus Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 18 (1882) 168; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437; Type: Low & Co s.n. (W-R, holo), Philippines: Jun-1882. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam. Notes: Ormerod et al. (2022) explain that the type of Sarcanthus striolatus Rchb.f. did not come from the Philippines and that this taxon is not found in the Philippines.

Coelogyne Lindl.

1. Coelogyne alvinlokii P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm., Orchid Review 114(126) (2006) 170; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 86; Type: SBGO 5504 (SING, holo), Mindanao. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Notes: Epiphyte at medium elevation. Native.
2. Coelogyne asperata Lindl., J. Hort. Soc. London 4 (1849) 221; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280; Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. (1951) 9; S.E.C. Sierra et al., Blumea 45 (2000) 289; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 58; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 87. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BASILAN, BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic on trunks and big branches of trees, lithophytic or terrestrial. Lowland and montane forests, in partial shade to quite exposed, often along creeks, near sea level to 500m. Native.
3. Coelogyne bilamellata Lindl., Fol. Orch. Coelog. (1854) 14; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 59; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 87. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, South Cotabato, Surigao, Zamboanga. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophytic in forest, up to 1000m in Mindanao. Native.
4. Coelogyne candoonensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 18; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 87. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental. Notes: Epiphyte in forest, over 1500m. Native.
5. Coelogyne chloroptera Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., (1883)(1) 466; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 59; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 88. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, MINDORO, ?NEGROS. Notes: According to Cootes, a specimen from Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mts) may a misidentified Coelogyne confusa Ames. Epiphytic or epilithic, 1000-1530m. Fairly common in Luzon. Native.
6. Coelogyne confusa Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 49; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 88; Type: BS 14430 Ramos, Camiguin. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic or epilithic at low elevation. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
7. Coelogyne elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1556; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Up to 1300m. Native.
8. Coelogyne integerrima Ames, PJS 4 c (1910) Bot. 665; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 88. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte, 1750-2450m. Native.
9. Coelogyne loheri Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1908) 414; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 89. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte, 1700m. Native.
10. Coelogyne longirachis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 88; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 89. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte along streams in forest, 1300m. Native.
11. Coelogyne marmorata Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 116; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 60; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 89. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Benguet, Pangasinan, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic, occasionally epilithic, elevation over 1000m. Native.
12. Coelogyne merrillii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 40; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 60; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 89; Type: Merrill 6620, Luzon: Benguet, Pauai, on boulders in the upper pine region, c. 1800m, May-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Rizal, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Usually epilithic, (300-)1800-2300m. Common in Benguet. Native.
13. Coelogyne palawanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 51; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Known only from the type collection from Mt Capoas, 1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
14. Coelogyne pandurata Lindl., Gard. Chron. 1 (1853) 791; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283; Sierra et al., Blumea 45 (2000) 304; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 90. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Agusan, Cotabato, Surigao, SAMAR. Notes: Reported in the Philippines by Valmayor (1984). Epiphytic on trunks or big branches of trees, lithophytes or terrestrials. Lowland forest and hill forest, in partial shade to quite exposed. Among rocks, on granite or ultramafic substrate, sea level to 1000m. Native.
15. Coelogyne prasina Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 326. Distribution: Malaysia, Philippines. MINDANAO. Native.
16. Coelogyne quinquelamellata Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 280; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 61; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 90. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Epiphyte in lowland forest, up to 150m. Native.
17. Coelogyne remediosae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 484; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 90. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte at mid to high elevation. Native.
18. Coelogyne rochussenii de Vriese, Ill. Orch. Ind. Neerl. (1854) t. 2; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 61; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 91. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Pampanga, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Notes: To 500m. Native.
19. Coelogyne rubrolanata Elis.George & J.-C.George, Orchid Rev. 116 (2008) 82; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 91; Type: E. & J.C.George s.n. (L, holo), cult. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Notes: Epiphyte 800-1000m. Native.
20. Coelogyne salvaneraniana W.Suarez, Austral. Orchid Rev. 76 (2011) 55; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 91. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Epiphyte, 700m. Native.
21. Coelogyne sparsa Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. (1883) t. 306; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 92; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2440. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Common epiphyte at 900-1050m. Native.
22. Coelogyne sulcata Elis.George & J.-C.George, Orchideen J 15(4) (2008) 173; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 92. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte, 600-900m. Native.
23. Coelogyne swaniana Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1894) 183; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 92. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Mountain Province, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte, 1600m. Native.
24. Coelogyne usitana Roeth & O.Gruss, Orchidee (Hamburg) 52 (2001) 211; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 92. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphyte, sometimes lithophyte, 800m. Native.
25. Coelogyne vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 53; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 93. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Known from Vanoverbergh 2865. Epiphyte, 1700m. Native.
26. Coelogyne zahlbrucknerae Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 389; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 93. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Benguet, Pangasinan, Quezon. Notes: Epiphyte, sometimes lithophyte, over 1000m. Native.

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Coelogyne × bufordiense. Notes: Name not, in IPNI and WCSP on 19-Aug-2020. A primary hybrid between Coelogyne asperata and Coelogyne pandurata originally made in 1911. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Incertae sedis

1. Coelogyne minutissima Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 390; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?LUZON. Notes: “Philippines, probably Luzon, Loher s.n., no specimen seen” Ames (1924). Possibly a Dendrochilum. Native.

Collabium Blume

1. Collabium simplex Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. (1881) t. 462. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur (photo), NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
2. Collabium vesicatum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1911) 98. Distribution: New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. NEGROS (photos). Native.

Possibly present

1. Collabium formosanum Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30, 1 (1911) 319; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 83; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: ?Philippines, Taiwan.

Corybas Salisb.

1. Corybas boholensis Tandang, R.Bustam., T.Reyes Jr. & S.P.Lyon, Phytotaxa 477 (2020) 262; Type: R. Callado 2855 (PNH258426, holo; BRIT, CAHUP, iso), Bohol: Bilar, Brgy Zamora, Bohol Island State University, Forest Academic Research Area, Sep-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL. Conservation status: Critically Endangered B2ab(ii,iii,v) (Tandang et al. 2020). Native.
2. Corybas calopeplos J.Dransf. & G.Sm., Kew Bull. 41 (1986) 584. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: P.B. Pelser (6-Aug-23): Possibly first reported from the Philippines by Alastair Robinson, who also reported seeing it in Borneo (pers. comm. 6-Aug-23). Native.
3. Corybas circinatus Tandang & R.Bustam., Phytotaxa 446 (2020) 136; Type: Tandang 2060 (PNH, holo; CAHUP, KUN, iso), Palawan: Mt Bloomfield, Jun-2012. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,iv)+2ab(i,ii,iii) (Tandang et al. 2020). Native.
4. Corybas geminigibbus J.J.Sm., Mitt. Inst. Bot. Hamburg 7 (1927) 13. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. PALAWAN. Native.
5. Corybas hamiguitanensis Tandang, Galindon & R.Bustam., Phytotaxa 598 (2023) 82; Type: Tandang 2061 (PNH, holo; CAHUP, CMUH, iso), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, San Isidro, Brgy La Union, Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, Jul-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Tandang et al. 2023). Native.
6. Corybas kaiganganianus Tandang, A.S.Rob. & M.D.Angeles, Phytotaxa 543 (2022) 128; Type: Angeles 338 (PNH, holo; USTH, iso), Samar: Paranas, Samar Island Natural Park, 26-Oct-2021. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: ?Misamis, SAMAR. Notes: R. Bustamante (4-Aug-23): reported by Melbert Baul from Misamis. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (Delos Angeles et al. 2022). Native.
7. Corybas laceratus L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 54; ≡ Calcearia lacerata (L.O.Williams) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13(10) (2002) 445; Type: Loher 14673 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Rizal, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
8. Corybas merrillii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 42; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 261; ≡ Corysanthes merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 65; ≡ Calcearia merrillii (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13(10) (2002) 445. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna. Notes: Terrestrial on mossy cliffs. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
9. Corybas ramosianus J.Dransf., Kew Bull. 41 (1986) 611; Batuyong et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3974; ≡ Gastrosiphon ramosianus (J.Dransf.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13(10) (2002) 448. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Possibly present

1. Corybas fornicatus (Blume) Rchb.f., Beitr. Syst. Pflanzenk. (1871) 67; ≡ Calcearia fornicata Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 417. Distribution: Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: ?Lanao, ?PALAWAN. Notes: R. Bustamante (4-Aug-23): reported by Jeh and John Patykowski from Palawan and by Dave Buenavista from Lanao.

Corymborkis Thouars

1. Corymborkis veratrifolia (Reinw.) Blume, Coll. Orchid. (1859) 125; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 94; ≡ Hysteria veratrifolia Reinw., Syll. Pl. Nov. 2 (1825) 5; Type: from Java. = Corymborkis confusa (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 48; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280; ≡ Corymbis confusa (Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 395; ≡ Chloidia confusa Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 67. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malaysia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. ALABAT, BANCALAN, CATANDUANES, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Cagayan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao Oriental, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TABLAS, TATAAN. Notes: Terrestrial in forest, 0-830m. Native.

Crepidium Blume

1. Crepidium acuminatum (D.Don) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 123; ≡ Malaxis acuminata D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 29. = Crepidium bilobum (Lindl.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124, nom. inval.; ≡ Malaxis acuminata var. biloba (Lindl.) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302; ≡ Malaxis biloba (Lindl.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 122; ≡ Microstylis biloba Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 20. Distribution: Australia, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, ?Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Crepidium bilobum (Lindl.) Szlach. was not validly published, because it has an incorrect basionym reference. Native.
2. Crepidium alagense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 34; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 95; ≡ Malaxis alagensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 122; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302; ≡ Fingardia alagensis (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 134; ≡ Microstylis alagensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, 100-400m. Native.
3. Crepidium arietinum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; ≡ Malaxis arietina Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 411; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302; ≡ Pseudoliparis arietina (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 42. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
4. Crepidium atrosanguineum (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 43; ≡ Malaxis atrosanguinea Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 30; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, South Cotabato (photos). Native.
5. Crepidium balabacense (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; ≡ Pseudoliparis balabacensis (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Ann. Bot. Fenn. 37 (2000) 281; ≡ Malaxis balabacensis Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 42; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302; Type: Merrill 5374 (US, lecto; AMES, BO, E, K, PNH, isolecto), Balabac, 16-Oct-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, PALAWAN, SIBUTU, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
6. Crepidium bancanoides (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 95; ≡ Malaxis bancanoides Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 129; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303; Type: R.C. McGregor 14 (AMES, holo), Sibuyan: Mountains back of San Fernando, 9-Jul-1904. = Crepidium macgregorii (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; ≡ Malaxis macgregorii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 45; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. = Crepidium mindanaense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; ≡ Malaxis mindanaensis Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1560; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. Distribution: Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, POLILLO. Native.
7. Crepidium bataanense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 35; ≡ Malaxis bataanensis Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 43; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, NEGROS. Native.
8. Crepidium binabayense (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 95; ≡ Malaxis binabayensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 124; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303; ≡ Microstylis binabayensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial, 300-700m. Native.
9. Crepidium bracteosum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 125; ≡ Malaxis bracteosa Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 111; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
10. Crepidium copelandii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 125; ≡ Malaxis copelandii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 124; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga. Native.
11. Crepidium cuneipetalum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 125; ≡ Malaxis cuneipetala Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 288; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. = Crepidium ravanii Marg., Phytotaxa 172 (2014) 51; Type: Schneider s.n. (UGDA-HBM, holo and iso), Samar: Samar National Park, Nov-2013. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, SAMAR. Native.
12. Crepidium davaensis (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot. Supp. 3 (1995) 126; ≡ Malaxis davaensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 69; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Native.
13. Crepidium dentatum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 126; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 96; ≡ Malaxis dentata (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 125; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303; ≡ Microstylis dentata Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 319. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, POLILLO. Native.
    • ssp. dentatum. = Malaxis philippinensis (Kraenzl.) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 71; ≡ Microstylis philippinensis Kraenzl., Orchis 2 (1907) 16. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, MINDORO, POLILLO. Notes: Epiphytic or terrestrial, up to 1000m. Native.
    • ssp. epidendrum (M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones) Marg., Taxon. Red. Subtribe Malaxidinae (2012) 94; ≡ Crepidium epidendrum M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 35. = Malaxis epiphytica Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 34; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Native.
14. Crepidium elmeri (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 126; ≡ Malaxis elmeri Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 126; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
15. Crepidium hutchinsonianum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 127; ≡ Malaxis hutchinsoniana (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 128; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304; ≡ Microstylis hutchinsoniana Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 319. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Perhaps a synonym of Crepidium binabayense. Native.
16. Crepidium lilacinum (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 37; ≡ Malaxis lilacina Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 35; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, PANAY. Native.
17. Crepidium merrillii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 129; ≡ Malaxis merrillii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 128; ≡ Microstylis merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 319. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
18. Crepidium mindorense (Rendle) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; ≡ Malaxis mindorensis (Rendle) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 131; ≡ Microstylis mindorensis Rendle, J. Bot. 34 (1896) 357. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, MINDORO. Native.
19. Crepidium negrosianum (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; ≡ Malaxis negrosiana Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1561; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Native.
20. Crepidium propinquum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 130; ≡ Malaxis propinqua Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 289; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Native.
21. Crepidium purpureum (Lindl.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131; ≡ Malaxis purpurea (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 673; ≡ Microstylis purpurea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 20; Type: from Sri Lanka. = Crepidium rizalense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 40; ≡ Malaxis rizalensis Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) 46; Type: Ramos BS 4561 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Rizal, Bosoboso, Aug-1907. Distribution: China, India, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Laguna, Rizal. Native.
22. Crepidium quadridentatum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 96; ≡ Malaxis quadridentata (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 130; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305; ≡ Microstylis quadridentata Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) 320. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 800m. Native.
23. Crepidium quadrilobum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 96; ≡ Malaxis quadriloba Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 131; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija (photos), Quezon, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial, 800-1000m. Native.
24. Crepidium ramosii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 97; ≡ Pseudoliparis ramosii (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 42; ≡ Malaxis ramosii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 45; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305; Type: Ramos BS 4567 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Bosoboso, 12-Aug-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Rizal, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 700m. P.B. Pelser (3-Jul-20): Lin et al. (2016) consider Malaxis ramosii Ames a synonym of Pseudoliparis moluccana (J.J.Sm.) Marg. (=Crepidium moluccanum (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod), but R. Boos (pers. comm., 30-Jun-20) and P. Ormerod (pers. comm., 3-Jul-20) suggest that this was done in error and that the two are quite distinct species. Native.
25. Crepidium rheedei Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 8 (1825) 387. Distribution: LUZON, MINDORO. Native.
    • ssp. purpureiflorum (Ames & Quisumb.) Marg., Taxon. Red. Subtribe Malaxidinae (2012) 84; ≡ Crepidium purpureiflorum (Ames & Quisumb.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 39; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 96; ≡ Malaxis purpureiflora Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 2. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, 500-1200m. Native.
26. Crepidium taylorii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 132; ≡ Malaxis taylorii Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 290; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 306; Type: Taylor, Mindanao: Agusan, 10-Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
27. Crepidium tjiwideiense (J.J.Sm.) Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46(1) (2001) 43; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 97; ≡ Microstylis tjiwideiensis J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 9 (1913) 38. Distribution: Java, Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 660m. Native.
28. Crepidium uncatum (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; ≡ Malaxis uncata Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 46; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 306. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Quezon (photos), MINDORO (photos). Native.
29. Crepidium wenzelii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 133; ≡ Malaxis wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 412; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 306. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, PANAY. Native.
30. Crepidium williamsii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 133; ≡ Malaxis williamsii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 131; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 306. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Rizal. Native.

Cryptostylis R.Br.

1. Cryptostylis acutata J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 3 (1921) 243; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 97. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Ifugao, MINDANAO, MINDORO. Native.
   • var. borneensis J.J.Sm., Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 7 (1929) 17. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, MINDANAO. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 1500m. Native.
2. Cryptostylis arachnites (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bogor. (1844) 48; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 261; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 103; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 98; ≡ Zosterostylis arachnites Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 419; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, POLILLO. Notes: A common, variable, and widely distributed species in the Philippines. Terrestrial, in forest at 30-1000m. According to Holttum (1954), Peninsular Malayan plants may represent a distinct species. Native.
3. Cryptostylis carinata J.J.Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11 (1912) 134. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
4. Cryptostylis taiwaniana Masam., Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 23 (1933) 208; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 98; ≡ Cryptostylis arachnites var. taiwaniana (Masam.) S.S.Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 3 (1988) 622; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur (photos), MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 600m. Native.

Cylindrolobus Blume

1. Cylindrolobus alboluteus (Rolfe) J.J.Wood, Malesian Orchid J. 5 (2010) 87; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 98; ≡ Eria albolutea Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1917) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 364. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 500m. Native.
2. Cylindrolobus aliciae (Quisumb.) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 13; ≡ Eria aliciae Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 149. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial in shaded sites, 300-2750m in shaded location. This elevation needs to be confirmed as no parts of these provinces attain that elevation, except the Nueva Vizcaya side of Mt Pulag summit area. Native.
3. Cylindrolobus aporoides (Lindl.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94: 444 (1983); ≡ Aporodes fragrans W.Suarez & Cootes, Aust. Orch. Rev. 73( 5) (2008) 33; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 25; ≡ Eria aporoides Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 60; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 115; ≡ Dendrobium aporoides (Lindl.) Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 113; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Surigao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, POLILLO. Notes: Lithophytic or epiphytic, common, from sea-level to 1000m. Native.
4. Cylindrolobus benmabantae Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 9, as 'benmabantai'; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803009 (CAHUP073549), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1200m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
5. Cylindrolobus brachystachyus (Rchb.f.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 445; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 99; ≡ Eria brachystachya Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 115; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 365. = Eria wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 428. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Kalinga, Kalinga-Apayao, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Tarlac, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic at sea-level to 1000m. Fairly common. Native.
6. Cylindrolobus cootesii (D.P.Banks) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 13; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 99; ≡ Eria cootesii D.P.Banks, OrchideenJ. 15 (2008) 78. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 500m. Native.
7. Cylindrolobus datuguinae Naive, M.Leon & Buenavista, OrchideenJ. 4-5 (2016) 3, as 'datuguinai'; Type: M.D. De Leon 022/2016 (CMUH10813, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, 5-Jun-2016, 1778m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
8. Cylindrolobus elisheae (P.O'Byrne) J.J.Wood, Malesian Orchid J. 5 (2010) 87; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 99; ≡ Eria elisheae P.O'Byrne, Mal. Orch. Rev. 34 (2000) 52. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte, 350-600m. Native.
9. Cylindrolobus fastigatifolius (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 13; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 100; ≡ Eria fastigatifolia Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 191; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao, Surigao, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte, 300-1300m. Native.
10. Cylindrolobus longissimus (Ames & Quisumb.) J.J.Wood, Malesian Orchid J. 5 (2010) 87; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 100; ≡ Eria longissima Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 374. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 1000m. Native.
11. Cylindrolobus oliviacamposiae Naive, Mabanta & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 9; Type: M.A. Naive 018/2017 (CMUH00010874, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Impasug-on, Impalutao, Center for Ecological Development and Recreation (CEDAR), epiphytic in deeply shaded location, 780m, 24-Mar-2017. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Conservation status: Endangered B2ab(iii) (Naive et al. 2017). Native.
12. Cylindrolobus perspicabilis (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 13, as 'perspicabile'; ≡ Eria perspicabilis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 156; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Described from Mt Polis, which is on the border of Ifugao Prov and Mountain Province. Native.

Cymbidium Sw.

1. Cymbidium aliciae Quisumb., PJS 72 (1940) 486; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 62; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 100. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial in shaded sites, 300-2750m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6 (1799) 73; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 101; ≡ Epidendrum aloifolium L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 953. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Surigao, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Usually epiphytic, up to 1000m. Native.
3. Cymbidium atropurpureum (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 11 (1903) 190; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 403; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 101; Malabrigo et al., Flora of Mt Mantalingahan Protected Landscape (2023) 215; ≡ Cymbidium pendulum var. atropurpureum Lindl., Gard. Chron. (1854) 287; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 62. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, PALAWAN, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Usually in high elevation areas to 2200m, commonly a high-crown epiphyte, sometimes lithophytic, usually in full sun. Native.
4. Cymbidium chloranthum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (Misc.) (1843) 68; Type: Loddiges cult. (K, holo). = Cymbidium chloranthum ssp. palawanense Lubag-Arquiza, Orch. Rev. 114 (2006) 264; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 101; Type: Lubag-Arquiza PALM 2001.021 (UPLB, holo). Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Surigao, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-1200m. Native.
5. Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 163. Distribution: Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. Native.
   • ssp. indochinense Du Puy & P.J.Cribb, Genus Cymbidium (1988) 176. Distribution: Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. Native.
6. Cymbidium dayanum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. (1869) 710; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 63; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 102; Type: from India. = Cymbidium dayanum var. austrojaponicum Tuyama, Iconogr. Pl. Asiae Orient. 4 (1941) 363. Distribution: Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Commonly terrestrial but also found in hollow logs on trees, between 300-1800m. Native.
7. Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw., Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6 (1799) 77; ≡ Epidendrum ensifolium L., Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 954; Type: from India. = Cymbidium gonzalesii Quisumb., PJS 72 (1940) 485. Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Rizal, MINDORO. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
   • ssp. haematodes (Lindl.) Du Puy & P.J.Cribb ex Govaerts, World Checkl. Seed Pl. 3(1) (1999) 20; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 102; ≡ Cymbidium haematodes Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 162. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Terrestrial, open grasslands, medium elevation, c. 800m. Native.
8. Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 164; Lindl. in Wall., Cat. (1832) No. 7358, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 403; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 63; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 102. Distribution: Cambodia, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Sea-level to 300m, usually epiphytic, sometimes lithophytic, usually in very well-lit sites. Native.
9. Cymbidium lancifolium Hook., Exot. Fl. 1 (1823) t. 51; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 103; Type: from Nepal. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Java, Korea, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Terrestrial, 300-2300m. Native.
10. Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 162. Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
11. Cymbidium pubescens Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.) (1840) 75; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 64; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 103; ≡ Cymbidium bicolor ssp. pubescens (Lindl.) Du Puy & P.J.Cribb, Genus Cymbidium (1988) 73. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Present in Negros (Mt Talinis) according to Lucas Jeansonne, pers. comm. 12-Aug-18. Usually an epiphyte at low elevation to 300m. Native.
12. Cymbidium sigmoideum J.J.Sm., Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13 (1907) 52; Naive et al., Lankasteriana 20 (2020) 218; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sumatra. PANAY. Conservation status: Vulnerable A1cd; B1ab (Du Puy & Cribb 2007). Native.

Possibly present

1. Cymbidium bicolor Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 164. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Nicobar Isls, ?Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra.

Cymboglossum (Schltr.) Rauschert

1. Cymboglossum cymbidiifolium (Ridl.) Ormerod & Cootes, Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 282; ≡ Ascidieria cymbidiifolia (Ridl.) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 71; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 33; ≡ Eria cymbidiifolia Ridl., J. Bot. 36 (1898) 212; Type: from Borneo. = Cymboglossum cymbiforme (J.J.Sm.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 446; ≡ Eria cymbiformis J.J.Sm., Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 152; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-1015m. Native.
2. Cymboglossum maculosum (Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel) Ormerod & Cootes, Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 282; ≡ Ascidieria maculosa Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 4; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803002 (CAHUP073542, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1200m, 3-Mar-18. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
3. Cymboglossum palawanense (Ames) Ormerod & Cootes, Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 282; ≡ Ascidieria palawanensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 69; ≡ Eria palawanensis Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1578; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373; Type: Elmer 13209 (AMES, holo), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
4. Cymboglossum zamboangense (Ames) Ormerod & Cootes, Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 282; ≡ Ascidieria zamboangensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 69; ≡ Eria zamboangensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 160; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 376; Type: Merrill 8143 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, Nov/Dec-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Zamboanga. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, 1300-1830m. Native.

Cyrtosia Blume

1. Cyrtosia javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 396; ≡ Galeola javanica (Blume) Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 3 (1883) 590; Type: from Java. Distribution: India, Java, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Cagayan. Native.

Cystorchis Blume

1. Cystorchis aphylla Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 32 (1896) 400; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 103. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Pampanga, Rizal, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Terrestrial in forest at mid-elevation. Native.
2. Cystorchis javanica (Blume) Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 73; Orch. Arch. Ind. (1859) 87; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 274; ≡ Hetaeria javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 410. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Davao. Native.
3. Cystorchis luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 33; Merr., EPFP 1 (192) 274; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 64; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 104. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial in forest, in shaded and damp sites, 800-1600m. Native.

Dendrobium Sw.

1. Dendrobium aclinia Rchb.f., Bonplandia 4 (1856) 329; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 342. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela, Rizal, Zambales. Notes: Epiphytic. Up to 300m elevation in Rizal. Native.
2. Dendrobium acuminatissimum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 86; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 342; ≡ Grastidium acuminatissimum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 333. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Cotabato. Native.
3. Dendrobium agusanense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 79; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343; ≡ Grastidium agusanense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 57; Type: Elmer 12462. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Elevation 330m. Native.
4. Dendrobium albayense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 14; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343; ≡ Aporum albayense (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 26. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Cotabato, Davao, Surigao, NEGROS, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic up to 900m. Fairly common. Native.
5. Dendrobium aliciae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 443; ≡ Grastidium aliciae (Ames & Quisumb.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 58. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
6. Dendrobium aloifolium (Blume) Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 279; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 65; ≡ Aporum aloifolium (Blume) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1 (11-12) (1981) 676; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 26; ≡ Macrostomium aloifolium Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 355. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in rather well-lit sites, to 300m. Native.
7. Dendrobium amethystoglossum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. (1872) 109; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 66; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 104; ≡ Pedilonum amethystoglossum (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10 (2003) 288. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, ?MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte, usually in brightly-lit sites above 1000m. Native.
8. Dendrobium annemarieae Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6(5) (2018) 10; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803023 (CAHUP073647, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 1500m, 3-Mar-18. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
9. Dendrobium anosmum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 31 (1845) Misc. 32; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 66; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 104. = Dendrobium superbum Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6(2) (1861) 282. = Dendrobium anosmum var. dearei (Rolfe) Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 435; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 105; ≡ Dendrobium superbum var. dearei Rolfe, Lindenia 6 (1891) 52. = Dendrobium anosmum var. huttonii (Rchb.f.) Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 454; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 105; ≡ Dendrobium superbum var. huttonii Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. (1869) 1206. = Dendrobium superbum var. giganteum Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 283. Distribution: Borneo, Hong Kong, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte. Native.
10. Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C.E.C.Fisch. in Gamble, Fl. Madras 1416 (1928); Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 105; ≡ Limodorum aphyllum Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 1 (1795) 34. = Dendrobium cucullatum R.Br., Bot. Reg. (1821) t. 548. Distribution: Cambodia, India to China, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 1000m. Native.
11. Dendrobium auriculatum Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 488; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 67; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 105. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay (photos), Bulacan, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte, c. 900m. Native.
12. Dendrobium balzerianum Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 48 (1997) 173; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 68; ≡ Euphlebium balzerianum (Fessel & Lückel) M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 26; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 155. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.
13. Dendrobium basilanense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 14; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345; ≡ Aporum basilanense (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 295. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PANAY, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Epiphytic, sea-level to 400m. Native.
14. Dendrobium bicaudatum Reinw. ex Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 20; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 68; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 106; ≡ Ceratobium bicaudatum (Reinw. ex Lindl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 486. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphyte up to 300m. Native.
15. Dendrobium bicolense Lubag-Arquiza, Journ. Orchideefreund Nov. (2006) 337; ≡ Euphlebium bicolense (Lubag-Arquiza) M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 26; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 155. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Quezon, Sorsogon. Notes: Epiphytic. Native.
16. Dendrobium blanche-amesiae A.D.Hawkes & A.H.Heller, Lloydia 20 (1957) 119; ≡ Grastidium blanche-amesiae (A.D.Hawkes & A.H.Heller) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 64; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 167. = Dendrobium verruculosum Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 426; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; Type: Lyon 143 (AMES, holo; AMES, iso), Philippines: 1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.
17. Dendrobium blumei Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 88; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 69; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 106; ≡ Onychium fimbriatum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 7 (1825) 325. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao, Surigao, Zamboanga, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic. Sometimes in swamps, to 1000m. Native.
18. Dendrobium boosii Cootes & W.Suarez, Austral. Orchid Rev. 76(4) (2011) 49; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 106. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphyte, c. 700m. Native.
19. Dendrobium bukidnonense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 5; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 107; ≡ Ceraia bukidnonensis (Ames & Quisumb.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 800m. Native.
20. Dendrobium bullenianum Rchb.f., Bot. Zeit. 20 (1862) 214; PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 14; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 70; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 107. = Dendrobium topaziacum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 140; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN, BUCAS GRANDE, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Isabela, Quezon, MINDORO. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
21. Dendrobium bursigerum Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 16; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 107; ≡ Pedilonum bursigerum (Lindl.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 458. ≠ Dendrobium secundum auct. non (Blume) Lindl.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 355; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 89. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Davao, Lanao, Surigao, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 500m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
22. Dendrobium busuangense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 296; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; ≡ Durabaculum busuangense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 487; Type: Taylon s.n. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUSUANGA, CALAMIANES. Native.
23. Dendrobium butchcamposii Cootes, M.Leon & R.Boos, OrchideenJ. (2016) 5; Type: M.D. De Leon cult. MDL 006/2016 (CMUH00010805, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, 22-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
24. Dendrobium cabadbarense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 117; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; ≡ Ceraia cabadbarensis (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 12. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao de Oro, Surigao. Native.
25. Dendrobium candoonense Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 94; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; ≡ Flickingeria candoonensis (Ames) Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 34(1) (1980) 17. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
26. Dendrobium carinatum (L.) Willd., Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 133; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 70; ≡ Ceraia carinata (L.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; ≡ Bulbophyllum carinatum (L.) Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3 (1880) 235; ≡ Epidendrum carinatum L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 953; Type: FB 6315 Curran. = Ceraia robinsonii (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; ≡ Dendrobium robinsonii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) 425; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 120. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 1000m. Native.
27. Dendrobium carmindae M.Leon, Cootes & R.Boos, OrchideenJ. 23 (2016) 33; Type: M.D. De Leon s.n. (CMUH009836, holo), Mindanao, 15-Nov-15. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Notes: c. 800-880m. Native.
28. Dendrobium ceraula Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1876) 40; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 70; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 108. = Dendrobium gonzalesii Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 143. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay. Notes: Epiphytic, above 1300m. Native.
29. Dendrobium cerinum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 12(2) (1879) 554; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 71; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 108. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 800m. Native.
30. Dendrobium chameleon Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 174; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 72; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 108; Type: R.S. Williams 1940 (NY, holo; AMES, K, NY, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 30-Sep-1904. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Sorsogon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, above 1000m. Native.
    • ssp. chameleon. Native.
      • forma alba Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 372. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
      • var. ovatilabium Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 372; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 72; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 109. Distribution: LUZON: Benguet, Pampanga, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, above 1000m. Native.
31. Dendrobium chloranthum Schuit. & Peter B.Adams, Muelleria 29 (2011) 68; ≡ Grastidium chlorinum M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 25; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 167. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, ?MINDANAO: ?Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m. Native.
32. Dendrobium chrysographatum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 119; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; ≡ Flickingeria chrysographata (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 452; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 302; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 157; ≡ Ephemerantha chrysographata (Ames) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-2000m. Native.
33. Dendrobium clemensiae Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 16; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; ≡ Diplocaulobium clemensiae (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 128; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 147. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Lanao, Surigao, NEGROS, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 800m. Native.
34. Dendrobium comatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 76; ≡ Flickingeria comata (Blume) A.D.Hawkes, Orchid Weekly 2(46) (1961) 453; ≡ Ephemerantha comata (Blume) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103; ≡ Desmotrichum comatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 329; Type: from Java. = Flickingeria fimbriatolabellum (Hayata) A.D.Hawkes, Orchid Weekly 2(46) (1961) 454; ≡ Ephemerantha fimbriatolabella (Hayata) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 104; ≡ Dendrobium fimbriatolabellum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4 (1914) 38; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Australia, Java, Malaysia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Quezon. Native.
35. Dendrobium conanthum Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 550; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 73; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 109. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. BUSUANGA, CALAMIANES, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, to 300m. Native.
36. Dendrobium connatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 89; ≡ Onychium connatum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 7 (1825) 328. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malaysia, Moluccas, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
37. Dendrobium convexum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 76; ≡ Flickingeria convexa (Blume) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2(46) (1961) 453; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 157; ≡ Desmotrichum convexum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 330. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Cotabato, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 600m. Native.
38. Dendrobium crassimarginatum L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 42; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 109. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan. Notes: Epiphytic, 600-1000m. Native.
39. Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. in Schrad., J. Bot. 2 (1799) 237; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 73; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 110; Type: from Indonesia. = Dendrobium simplicissimum (Lour.) Kraenzl., Pflanzenr. IV, 50 II B 21 (1910) 235; ≡ Ceraia simplicissima Lour., Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 518. = Ceraia saaronica (J.Koenig) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 486; ≡ Epidendrum saaronicum J.Koenig in Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 58. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BATAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Camarines, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Davao, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Common and widely distributed throughout the Philippines, lowlands up to 500m. Native.
40. Dendrobium davaoense Lubag-Arquiza, Austral. Orchid Rev. 71(1) (2006) 22; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 110. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1100m. Native.
41. Dendrobium dearei Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 18(2) (1882) 361; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 75; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 110. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, MINDORO. Notes: E coast of entire Philippines. Epiphytic, up to 500m. Native.
42. Dendrobium decoratum (M.A.Clem. & Cootes) Schuit. & Peter B.Adams, Muelleria 29 (2011) 66; ≡ Euphlebium decoratum M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 25; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 155. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Native.
43. Dendrobium deleonii Cabactulan, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 10; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803010 (CAHUP073550, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1300m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
44. Dendrobium derekcabactulanii Cootes, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 5; Type: M.D. De Leon 003/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 4-Nov-16. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
45. Dendrobium diffusum L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 44. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
46. Dendrobium dimorphum J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. III, 11 (1930) 75; ≡ Flickingeria dimorpha (J.J.Sm.) S.Thomas, Schuit. & de Vogel, Lindleyana 17 (2002) 35. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.
47. Dendrobium distichum (C.Presl) Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1876) 39; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 75; ≡ Aporum distichum (C.Presl) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 439; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 27; ≡ Schismoceras disticha C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1827) 96. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines, Ifugao, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Epiphyte to 900m. Fairly common in Luzon. Native.
48. Dendrobium elineae (Calaramo, Naive, Cootes, H.Nuytemans & J.C.Martyr) Naive & Calaramo, Lankesteriana 19 (2019) 21; ≡ Euphlebium elineae Calaramo, Naive, Cootes, H.Nuytemans & J.C.Martyr, OrchideenJ. 4 (2017) 165; Type: M. Calaramo 10699 (HNUL007903, holo), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Adams, Mt Palemlem, 17-Apr-2009. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: P.B. Pelser (20-Dec-2017): Naive MAKN 023 (CMUH00010911) is incorrectly listed as an isotype, but is in effect a paratype. Native.
49. Dendrobium equitans Kraenzl. in Engl. (ed.), Pflanzenreich, IV, 50 II B 21 (1910) 228; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 76; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 110; ≡ Ceraia equitans (Kraenzl.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; ≡ Aporum equitans (Kraenzl.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1 (11-12) (1981) 673; Type: from Taiwan. = Dendrobium batanense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 200. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BATAN, BATANES, LUZON: Cagayan, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 600m. Native.
50. Dendrobium erosum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. (1830) Pl. 86; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 111; ≡ Chromatotriccum erosum (Blume) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Orchadian 13 (2002) 11; ≡ Pedilonum erosum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 320. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: ?Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Native.
51. Dendrobium escritorii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 123; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 111; ≡ Ceraia escritorii (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 12; ≡ Aporum escritorii (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 295. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao, Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Epiphytic, low elevation. Native.
52. Dendrobium eurorum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 124; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; ≡ Flickingeria eurorum (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 454; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 303; ≡ Ephemerantha eurorum (Ames) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103; ≡ Desmotrichum eurorum (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 125. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, PANAY. Native.
53. Dendrobium fairchildiae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 202; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 111. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophytic, above 1200m. Native.
    • forma album Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 66(3) (2001) 21; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 112. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Albino form. Native.
    • forma fairchildiae. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophytic in shaded sites, up to 1200m. Native.
54. Dendrobium gerlandianum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 6 (1909) 317; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 77; Ormerod et al., Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 283; ≡ Ceraia gerlandiana (Kraenzl.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; Type: Loher s.n. (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Manila, cult. Hort. Bot. Gard. Erlangen s.n., Jan-1909; Loher s.n. (M, isoepi), Luzon: Manila, cult. Hort. Bot. Gard. Erlangen s.n., Jan-1910. = Ceraia philippinensis (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10 (2003) 293; ≡ Dendrobium philippinense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 424; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 84; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 116; Type: Wenzel 6 (AMES, holo; GH, K, iso), Leyte: Dagami, 20-Nov-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Bulacan, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: See note in Ormerod et al. (2019); epiphytic, up to c. 300m. Native.
55. Dendrobium ginalopeziae (Cootes, M.Leon & Naive) Naive & Alejandro, Phytotaxa 356 (2018) 100; ≡ Grastidium ginalopeziae Cootes, M.Leon & Naive, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 5; Type: M.D. De Leon 026/2016 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, 27-July-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
56. Dendrobium goldschmidtianum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7 (1909) 40; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 112; ≡ Pedilonum goldschmidtianum (Kraenzl.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 460; Type: H. Goldschmidt-Essen s.n. (HBG, holo), cultivated, Jul-1907. = Dendrobium miyakei Schltr., Orch. Sino-Jap. (1919) 64; Hatusima, Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ. 5 (1966) 63. = Dendrobium irayense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 446. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BATANES, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES. Notes: Epiphytic, 200-1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
57. Dendrobium guerreroi Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 489; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 112. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 500m. Native.
58. Dendrobium hampelii Cootes & R.Boos, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 8; Type: G. Hampel cult. (CMUH00009781, holo), Mindanao: Misamis Oriental, 28-Feb-15, c. 1200m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. Native.
59. Dendrobium hymenanthum Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 112; ≡ Ceraia hymenantha (Rchb.f.) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 12; ≡ Bolbidium hymenanthum (Rchb.f.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 433. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, LUZON: Bataan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, POLILLO. Notes: Epiphyte, sometimes in mangrove trees, up to 300m. Native.
60. Dendrobium indivisum (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 3 (1859) 630; ≡ Aporum indivisum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 334. Distribution: PALAWAN. Native.
    • var. indivisum. Distribution: Bangladesh to Malesia, Philippines. Native.
61. Dendrobium interjectum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 125; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350; ≡ Flickingeria interjecta (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 454; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 304; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 158; ≡ Ephemerantha interjecta (Ames) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 104; ≡ Desmotrichum interjectum (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 126. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 750m. Native.
62. Dendrobium ionopus Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 2 (1882) 808; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 79; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 113. = Dendrobium epidendropsis Kraenzl., Orchis 2 (1908) 79; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m. Native.
63. Dendrobium jimcootesii Cabactulan & M.Leon, Die Orchidee 2 (2016) 3; Type: M.D. De Leon s.n. (CMUH00010832, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 5-Aug-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
64. Dendrobium josephinae Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(4) (2008) 24; ≡ Euphlebium josephinae (Cootes) M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 26; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 156. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 350m. Native.
65. Dendrobium junceum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28(Misc.) (1842) 9; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 80; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 113; ≡ Ceraia juncea (Lindl.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; ≡ Aporum junceum (Lindl.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 440. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 500m. Native.
66. Dendrobium junctilobum (Fessel & Lückel) Schuit. & Peter B.Adams, Muelleria 29 (2011) 67; ≡ Flickingeria junctiloba Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 49 (1998) 254; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 158. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic, 800-1000m. Native.
67. Dendrobium jyrdii Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6(5) (2018) 11; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803024 (CAHUP073649, holo), cult. from Palawan: 780m, 30-Apr-18. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
68. Dendrobium lobbii Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 5 (1853) 491; ≡ Conostalix lobbii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 94 (1983) 444. Distribution: Philippines. BOHOL, SAMAR. Native.
69. Dendrobium loherianum Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 62; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350; ≡ Flickingeria loheriana (Kraenzl.) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 14. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
70. Dendrobium lunatum Lindl., J. Linn. Soc. 3 (1859) 4; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351; ≡ Aporum lunatum (Lindl.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, sea-level to 500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
71. Dendrobium luxurians J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, III, 3 (1921) 288; ≡ Flickingeria luxurians (J.J.Sm.) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 457; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 305; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 159; ≡ Desmotrichum luxurians (J.J.Sm.) Carr, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7 (1932) 9; ≡ Ephemerantha luxurians (J.J.Sm.) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 105. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. DINAGAT, MINDANAO: Surigao, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.
72. Dendrobium luzonense Lindl., Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) Misc. 54; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351; ≡ Grastidium luzonense (Lindl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 89; Type: from Philippines. = Grastidium alagense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 57; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 167; ≡ Dendrobium alagense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 328. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Benguet, Isabela, Kalinga, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Norte, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, sea-level to 1300m. Fairly common. Native.
73. Dendrobium lydiae Cootes, M.Leon & Naive, OrchideenJ. 4 (2016) 3; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL 014/2016 (CMUH00010803, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon (cult. in Misamis Oriental), 27-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
74. Dendrobium macrophyllum A.Rich. in Dumont d’Urville, Voy. Astrolabe 2 (1834) 22; ≡ Sayeria macrophylla (A.Rich.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 467; ≡ Latourorchis macrophylla (A.Rich.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1 (11-12) Suppl. 18 (1981) 727. Distribution: LUZON: Bataan, Rizal. Native.
    • var. macrophyllum. Distribution: Malesia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines. Native.
    • var. ternatense (J.J.Sm.) P.O'Byrne & J.J.Wood, Malesian Orchid J. 6 (2010) 101; ≡ Dendrobium ternatense J.J.Sm., Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Néerl. 22 (1909) 26; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 356. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Bataan. Native.
75. Dendrobium marivelense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 180; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351; ≡ Ceraia marivelensis (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 12; ≡ Aporum marivelense (Ames) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 440. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Possibly a synonym of Dendrobium parciflorum Rchb.f. ex Lindl. Native.
76. Dendrobium masarangense Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 78; Type: from Indonesia. Distribution: Java, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines. Native.
77. Dendrobium merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 181; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 80; ≡ Aporum merrillii (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 27. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Ifugao, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 350m. Native.
78. Dendrobium microphyton L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 47; ≡ Cadetia microphyton (L.O.Williams) Christenson, Lindleyana 7 (1992) 89; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 67. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphyte or lithophyte, 300-1000m. Native.
79. Dendrobium milaniae Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 47 (1996) A131; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 113. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 600m. Native.
80. Dendrobium mindanaense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 423; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 81; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 114; ≡ Ceraia mindanaensis (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 12; ≡ Aporum mindanaense (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CULION, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Cotabato, Davao, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, NEGROS, PALAWAN, POLILLO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m, also found in mangroves. Native.
81. Dendrobium miyasakii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 373; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 114. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pampanga, Zambales. Notes: Terrestrial or lithophytic, c. 600m. Native.
82. Dendrobium modestum Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 82; ≡ Ceraia modesta (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 292. Distribution: CORON, LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic, often in well-lit sites, to 1200m. Native.
83. Dendrobium multiramosum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 129; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 114; ≡ Ceraia multiramosa (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 292. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Ephiphytic, low elevation. Native.
84. Dendrobium nebularum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 540; ≡ Pedilonum nebularum (Schltr.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 94 (1983) 461. Native.
85. Dendrobium nemorale L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 41; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 82; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 115. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 400m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
86. Dendrobium niveobarbatum Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(4) (2008) 22; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 115; ≡ Ceraia niveobarbata (Cootes) W.Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 2 (2015) 60. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 500m. Native.
87. Dendrobium obrienianum Kraenzl., Gard. Chron. iii, 11 (1) (1892) 266; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
88. Dendrobium omissum Schuit. & Peter B.Adams, Muelleria 29 (2011) 67; ≡ Flickingeria praetermissa W.Suarez & Cootes, Philipp. Orchid Rev. 15(2) (2007) 19; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 159; Type: Wenzel 65 (AMES, holo), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, Puguahaan, 17-May-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, MINDORO. Notes: Lowland mixed dipterocarp forests, epiphytic on limbs of medium-sized to tall trees, in exposed sites, 120-750m. P.B. Pelser (6-May-2022): the name Dendrobium praetermissum is occupied by Dendrobium praetermissum Seidenf. Native.
89. Dendrobium orbilobulatum Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 47 (1996) A232; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 83; ≡ Euphlebium orbilobulatum (Fessel & Lückel) M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 26; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 156. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, hanging over water, c. 600m. Native.
90. Dendrobium ornithoflorum Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 60; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; ≡ Grastidium ornithoflorum (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 95; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 168; Type: FB 4627 Mearns & Hutchinson. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Misamis, Misamis Occidental, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 2000m. Native.
91. Dendrobium pachyphyllum (Kuntze) Bakh.f., Blumea 12 (1963) 69; ≡ Ceraia pachyphylla (Kuntze) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 2 (2015) 60; ≡ Callista pachyphylla Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 654. Distribution: India to Malesia, Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Davao. Native.
92. Dendrobium papilio Loher, Gard. Chron. iii, 21(1) (1897) 416; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 83; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 115; Ormerod & Juswara, Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 171; ≡ Aporum papilio (Loher) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 441; Type: Loher 477 (K, neo), Luzon: Tonglon, and Benguet, Galou. = Dendrobium vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 425; Type: Vanoverbergh 1345 (AMES, holo; GH, K, L, iso), Luzon: Bontoc subprov, 19-Jul-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Lithophytic or epiphytic, over 1200m. Native.
93. Dendrobium papilionaceum (Cootes & M.A.Clem.) Naive & Alejandro, Phytotaxa 356 (2018) 100; ≡ Euphlebium papilionaceum Cootes & M.A.Clem., Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 81; Type: J.E. Cootes s.n. (CANB, holo), cult. ex Mindoro: Puerto Galera. = Dendrobium sibuyanense Lubag-Arquiza, Naranja, Baldos & Sacdalan, Orchid Digest 70(3) (2006) 174, nom. inval.; Phil. Agr. Sci. 88 (2005) 4, 484, nom. inval.; ≡ Euphlebium sibuyanense (Lubag-Arquiza, Naranja, Baldos & Sacdalan) M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 26, nom. inval.; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 157. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-700m. P.B. Pelser (17-Aug-2019): see Sennikov 2010 for notes about the nomenclature of Dendrobium sibuyanense and Euphlebium sibuyanense. Native.
94. Dendrobium parietiforme J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) t. 117C; ≡ Flickingeria parietiformis (J.J.Sm.) A.D.Hawkes, Orquídea (Mexico City) 27 (1965) 306; Type: from Sulawesi. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi, Taiwan. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, low elevation. Native.
95. Dendrobium parthenium Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., ser. 2, 24 (1885) 489; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 116. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 900m. Native.
96. Dendrobium pentapterum Schltr., Nacht. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Südsee (1905) 161; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 83; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 116. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: On mossy branches, 500-2500m. Native.
97. Dendrobium pergracile Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 423; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; ≡ Grastidium pergracile (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 97; Type: M.S. Clemens 999. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Native.
98. Dendrobium phillipsii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 457; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 84; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 117. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 800m. Native.
99. Dendrobium planibulbe Lindl., Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) Misc. 54; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 84; ≡ Ceraia planibulbis (Lindl.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; ≡ Aporum planibulbe (Lindl.) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 441. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Agusan, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, SAMAR. Native.
100. Dendrobium planum J.J.Sm., Orchid. Java (1905) 352. = Grastidium leytense (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 89; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 168; ≡ Dendrobium leytense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 126; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350. Distribution: Java, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic in forest, 60-500m. Native.
101. Dendrobium platycaulon Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1892) 139; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 85; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 117. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao, Zamboanga. Notes: Epiphytic in shaded sites, c. 500m. Native.
102. Dendrobium plicatile Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.) (1840) 10; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; ≡ Flickingeria fimbriata (Blume) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 454; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 303; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 158; ≡ Ephemerantha fimbriata (Blume) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103; ≡ Dendrobium fimbriatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 76, nom. illeg., non Hook.; ≡ Desmotrichum fimbriatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 329; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Tarlac, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Lanao, Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 800m. Native.
103. Dendrobium polytrichum Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 328; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 86; ≡ Ceraia polytricha (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, POLILLO. Notes: Usually a sun-loving epiphyte, up to 500m. Native.
104. Dendrobium profusum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 21 (1884) 510; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 87; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 118. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic in well-lit sites, 100-500m. Native.
105. Dendrobium pseudoconvexum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 135; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; ≡ Flickingeria pseudoconvexa (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 458; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 306; ≡ Desmotrichum pseudoconvexum (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 126; ≡ Ephemerantha pseudoconvexa (Ames) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 105. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Rizal, Sorsogon. Native.
106. Dendrobium pseudoequitans Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 51 (2000) 83; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 118; ≡ Ceraia pseudoequitans (Fessel & Lückel) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Epiphytic at low elevation. Native.
107. Dendrobium pterocarpum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato. Native.
108. Dendrobium purpureostelidium Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 136; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; ≡ Flickingeria purpureostelidia (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 306; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 159; ≡ Desmotrichum purpureostelidium (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 127; ≡ Ephemerantha purpureostelidium (Ames) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 105. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
109. Dendrobium quisumbingii A.D.Hawkes & A.H.Heller, Lloydia 20 (1957) 123. = Aporum macgregorii M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296; ≡ Dendrobium macgregorii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 17, nom. illeg., non F.Muell. & Kraenzl. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, POLILLO. Native.
110. Dendrobium ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 18; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 87; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 119. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Terrestrial, over 1200m. Native.
111. Dendrobium ravanii Cootes, OrchideenJ. 15 (2008) 70; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 119. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-800m. Native.
112. Dendrobium restrepioides (W.Suarez & M.A.Clem.) J.M.H.Shaw, Orchid Rev. Suppl., 124 (1314) (2016) 35; ≡ Flickingeria restrepioides W.Suarez & M.A.Clem., OrchideenJ. 2 (2015) 68; Type: ORG 1866 (CANB, holo). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Zambales, MINDORO. Native.
113. Dendrobium reypimentelii Cootes, Cabactulan & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 7; Type: M.D. De Leon 004/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 9-Dec-16. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
114. Dendrobium rhodochilum (Ferreras & Cootes) Schuit. & Peter B.Adams, Muelleria 29 (2011) 66; ≡ Euphlebium rhodochilum Ferreras & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 54; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 156. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 350m. Native.
115. Dendrobium rhombeum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 17; Clements & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 19; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 119; Type: Cuming 319 (K-LINDL, holo), cult: Loddiges ex Manila, Aug-1842. ≠ Dendrobium heterocarpum auct. non Wall. ex Lindl.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 349; Valmayor, Orchidiana Philippiniana 1 (1984) 154; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 78. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Ilocos, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, over 1000m. Native.
116. Dendrobium rubroflavum Ormerod & Naive, Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 283; Type: Quisumbing 6092 (BS 79073) (AMES, holo), Luzon: cult. ex Mr. Brown’s garden, Bureau Sci. Orch. House, Manila, 5-Jun-1930. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
117. Dendrobium sanderae Rolfe, Gard. Chron. iii, 45 (1909) 374; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 87; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 120. = Dendrobium sanderae var. majus Anon., Orchid J. 3 (1954) 113. = Dendrobium sanderae var. milleri Quisumb., Philipp. Orchid Rev. 6 (1958) 11. = Dendrobium sanderae var. parviflorum Anschütz ex Quisumb., Philipp. Orchid Rev. 2 (1949) 3; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 120. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CALAYAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 1700m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
     • var. emilianum M.Leon, Cabactulan, Cootes & V.T.Usita, Orchidee, Taxon. Mitt. 8 (2022) 64; Type: MDL 2202001 (PNH, holo), Luzon: Zambales, cultivated, 11-Aug-22. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Zambales. Native.
     • var. luzonicum D.Tiu, Philip. Orch. Rev. (1997); Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 120. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CALAYAN, LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Epiphytic, to 300m. Native.
118. Dendrobium schettleri Cootes, Cabactulan, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 8; Type: M.D. De Leon 005/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 3-Dec-16. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
119. Dendrobium schuetzei Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 19 (1911) 224; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 121. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m elevation. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
120. Dendrobium scopa Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) Misc. 55; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; ≡ Flickingeria scopa (Lindl.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1 (11-12) (1981) 742; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 160; ≡ Desmotrichum scopa (Lindl.) Kraenzl., Pflanzenreich, IV, 50 II B 21 (1910) 349; ≡ Ephemerantha scopa (Lindl.) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 106. Distribution: New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Tarlac, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Cotabato, South Cotabato, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophytic, up to 500m. Native.
121. Dendrobium serratilabium L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 45; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 90; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 121. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Aurora, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis, Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Epiphytic in deep shade, 500-1200m. Native.
122. Dendrobium setigerum Ames ex M.A.Clem., Austral. Orchid Res. 64 (1999) 7; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 90; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 121. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, usually up to 500m. Synonym of Dendrobium macrophyllum var. macrophyllum? Native.
123. Dendrobium sinuosum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 96; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 355; ≡ Ceraia sinuosa (Ames) W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 12; ≡ Aporum sinuosum (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 297. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
124. Dendrobium spurium (Blume) J.J.Sm., Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 343; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 355; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 91. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra. LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic on tree trunks in well-lit sites, lowlands. Native.
125. Dendrobium stricticalcarum W.Suarez & Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 73 (2008) 23; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 121. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-1100m. Native.
126. Dendrobium stuposum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) misc. 94; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 122. = Dendrobium pristinum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 133; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 86; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 117. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Java, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Native.
127. Dendrobium surigaense H.P.Wood, The Dendrobiums (2006) 704, nom. inval.; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 122; ≡ Dendrobium sanderae var. surigaense Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 4 (1951) 2. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Also considered a synonym of Dendrobium sanderae Rolfe. Dendrobium surigaense H.P.Wood was not validly published, because it has an incorrect basionym reference. Native.
128. Dendrobium taurinum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 28; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 356; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 91; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 123; ≡ Durabaculum taurinum (Lindl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 489. = Dendrobium taurinum forma album Valmayor & D.Tiu, Philipp. Orchid Rev. A-V(3) (1983) 16; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 123. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, HOMONHON, LUZON: Bulacan, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m elevation. Native.
129. Dendrobium tiongii Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 75(5) (2010) 58; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 123; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2440; ≡ Coelandria armeniaca M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 22. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Misamis. Native.
130. Dendrobium unicorne Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 140; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; ≡ Flickingeria unicornis (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 459; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 307; ≡ Desmotrichum unicorne (Ames) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 127; ≡ Ephemerantha unicornis (Ames) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 106. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna. Native.
131. Dendrobium uniflorum Griff., Notul. 3 (1851) 305; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 92; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 123; ≡ Distichorchis uniflora (Griff.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 282. = Dendrobium quadrisulcatum J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, II, 25 (1917) 49; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 118. = Distichorchis angusta (Quisumb.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 280; ≡ Dendrobium uniflorum var. angustum Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 3 (1950) 9. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, BILIRAN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Epiphytic, often in well-lit sites, up to 700m. Native.
132. Dendrobium × usitae T.Yukawa, Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 14 (1995) 43; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 124. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN. Notes: Natural hybrid: Dendrobium bullenianum × Dendrobium goldschmidtianum. Epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.
133. Dendrobium usterii Schltr., Bull. Herb. Boissier, II, 6 (1906) 458; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; ≡ Ceraia usterii (Schltr.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294; ≡ Flickingeria usterii (Schltr.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1 (11-12) (1981) 742; ≡ Ephemerantha usterii (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 107. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
134. Dendrobium usterioides Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 142; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 124; ≡ Ceraia usterioides (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 500m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
135. Dendrobium valmayorae D.Tiu, Phil. Orch. Rev. 18 (2009) 4, nom. inval.; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 124. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 500m. Native.
136. Dendrobium velutinelabrum M.A.Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16 (2009) 18; ≡ Dendrobium aureum var. philippinense Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 13 (1880) 72; ≡ Dendrobium heterocarpum var. philippinense (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 21 (1910) 45; Type: Veitch 142 (Christy) (W, holo), cult: Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, Jan-1880. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
137. Dendrobium ventricosum Kraenzl., Pflanzenr. (Engl.) Orch.-Dendrob. pars I (1910) 209; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 93; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 124; ≡ Ceraia ventricosa (Kraenzl.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATAN, LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Davao, Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Erroneously reported for Taiwan (Lin et al. 2016); epiphytic, up to 300m. Native.
138. Dendrobium victoriae-reginae Loher, Gard. Chron. 3, 21 (1897) 399; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 358; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 125; ≡ Pedilonum victoriae-reginae (Loher) Rauschert, Fedde Repert. 94 (1983) 465. = Dendrobium coeleste Loher, Gard. Chron. 1897 (2) (1897) 1. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy cloud forests, above 1300m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
     • forma album Valmayor & D.Tiu, Phil. Orch. Rev. 3 (1983) 16. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
139. Dendrobium wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 144; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 358; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 94; ≡ Aporum wenzelii (Ames) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 297; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 27. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic up to 500m. Native.
140. Dendrobium yeageri Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 447; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 94; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 125. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphytic above 1000m. Native.
141. Dendrobium zamboangense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 145; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 358; Ormerod et al., Harvard Papers in Botany 24 (2019) 285; Type: Merrill 8174 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Nov/Dec-1911. = Dendrobium bunuanense Ames, Schedul. Orchid. 9 (1925) 53; ≡ Dendrobium appendiculoides Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 93, nom. illeg., non J.J.Sm; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345; Type: BS 38940 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Bunuan, 27-Jun-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Davao, Zamboanga. Native.

Possibly present

1. Dendrobium compactum Rolfe ex Hemsl., Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 36 (1904) 400; Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1906) 113; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 84. Distribution: China, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Thailand.
2. Dendrobium hercoglossum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s. (1886) 26: 487; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 489. Distribution: China, Indochina, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Thailand.
3. Dendrobium parciflorum Rchb.f. ex Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1858) 4. Distribution: India to China, ?Philippines.
4. Dendrobium sanguinolentum Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 28 (Misc.) (1842) 62. Distribution: Malesia, ?Philippines, Thailand. ?SULU ARCHIPELAGO.

Dendrochilum Blume

1. Dendrochilum abortum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 310; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 17; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 72; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 126; ≡ Acoridium abortum Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 68; Type: Loher 14694 (AMES, holo; L, P, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m. Native.
2. Dendrochilum affine Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 95; ≡ Acoridium affine (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 106. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Native.
3. Dendrochilum amesianum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 381; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 43; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 166; Type: University of San Carlos 784 (L, holo), Mindanao: Surigao del Sur, Aras-asan, logging area between 25-250m, 5-Dec-1975. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. Notes: Fl. May. Native.
4. Dendrochilum anfractum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 118; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 59; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 41; ≡ Pseudacoridium anfractum (Ames) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114; ≡ Acoridium anfractum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 148; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; Type: Merrill 4482 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, 2150m, 20-Oct-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, MINDORO. Native.
   • var. anfractum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Mossy forest, 1880-2150, epiphytic. Fl. Aug-Oct. Native.
   • var. anfractoides (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 330; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 59-60; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 41; ≡ Pseudacoridium anfractoides (Ames) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114; ≡ Acoridium anfractoides (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; ≡ Dendrochilum anfractoides Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 13; Type: FB 4311 Mearns (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Benguet. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Mossy forests, 1220-2165(-2450?)m, epiphytic. Fl. Jun-Oct, Dec. Native.
5. Dendrochilum apiculatum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 331; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 60; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 42; ≡ Pseudacoridium apiculatum (Ames) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114; ≡ Acoridium apiculatum Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 70; Type: Loher s.n. (AMES, holo), Luzon: Rizal, Guiniuisan, Jan-1913 (15-Nov-1912 according to Loher’s handwritten field notes attached to the type sheet). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Native.
6. Dendrochilum apoense T.Hashim., J. Jap. Bot. 56 (1981) 335; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 33; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 125; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 126; Type: Hashimoto s.n. (TNS, holo), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, near the Forestry Development (presumably Bureau of Forest Development) office. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, 1500-2500m. Native.
7. Dendrochilum arachnites Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 17 (1882) 256; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 96; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 43; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 149; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 126; ≡ Acoridium arachnites (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. (1904) 219; Type: Low s.n. (W, Herb. Rchb.f. 49028 pro parte, holo), Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, mostly in mossy cloud forest, 500-2600m. Fl. Jan-Jul, Sep-Dec. Native.
8. Dendrochilum asperum L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 309; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 17; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 65; ≡ Acoridium exasperatum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 21; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: BS 42338 Ramos (AMES, holo; P, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Lumutan, 1200m, Apr-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1200m. Fl. Apr-May. Native.
9. Dendrochilum auriculare Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 595; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 33; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 121; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 96; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 127; ≡ Acoridium auriculare (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; Type: BS 5818 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo), Luzon: Benguet, Dec-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Ecija (photos), Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic in the mossy forests, 1500-2500m. Fl. Sep-Oct, Dec-Feb. Native.
10. Dendrochilum banksii Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 74(4) (2009) 13; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 127. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 500 m. Native.
11. Dendrochilum binuangense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 281; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 17; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 69; ≡ Acoridium binuangense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; Type: BS 28620 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo; BM, K, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, epiphytic, 500m, 27-May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Native.
12. Dendrochilum charisae Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 11; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803011 (CAHUP073551, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1400m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
13. Dendrochilum cinnabarinum Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 104; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 94; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 127; ≡ Acoridium cinnabarinum (Pfitzer) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: Loher 461 (K, holo; P, US, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, above 1600m. Native.
    • var. cinnabarinum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, c. 1980m. Fl. Oct. Native.
    • var. sanguineum (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 95; ≡ Dendrochilum sanguineum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 323; ≡ Acoridium sanguineum Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 72; Type: Boettcher s.n. (AMES, holo; BM, K, L, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulag, Jun-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic in the mossy forest, also bordering open grassland, 2300-2930m. Fl. Jan-Mar, May-Jul. Native.
14. Dendrochilum clowesiae Cootes & G.Tiong, OrchideenJ. 3 (2014) 122; Type: V. Clowes s.n. (NSW821681, holo), cult. in Australia from Luzon: Aurora. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Epiphyte, 1000m. Native.
15. Dendrochilum cobbianum Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 14 (1880) 748; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 44; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 169; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 96; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 127; ≡ Acoridium cobbianum (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. (1904) 220; Type: Boxall/cult. Cobb s.n. (W-Herb. Rchb.f. 29679), Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao. Notes: Exposed sites, 1200-2500m, epiphytic or lithophytic (sometimes possibly terrestrial). Fl. Apr-Jun, ?Jul, Aug-Dec. One of the most commonly cultivated species of the genus. Native.
16. Dendrochilum coccineum H.A.Pedersen & Gravend., Blumea 49 (2004) 356; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 128. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Native.
17. Dendrochilum convallariiforme Schauer, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1 (1843) 429; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 33-34; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 130; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 97; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 128; Type: Meyen s.n. (W, holo?; Herb. Lindl. at K, iso; drawing and note in Herb. Rchb.f. 49007, pro parte at W), Philippines, 1831. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, 300-900m. Native.
    • var. convallariiforme. = Dendrochilum bicallosum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 117; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292; Type: Merrill 5812 (AMES, holo; K, US, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, epiphyte on ridge forest, 2500ft (762m), 22-Nov-1906. = Dendrochilum bistortum (H.Wendl. & Kraenzl.) J.J.Sm., Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 64; ≡ Acoridium bistortum (H.Wendl. & Kraenzl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220; ≡ Platyclinis bistorta H.Wendl. & Kraenzl. in Rchb.f. & Kraenzl., Xenia Orchid. 3 (1900) 169; Type: Sander s.n. (HBG, holo; K, iso), Masbate (‘Maschate’ in original publ.). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in (sometimes mossy) forest, 300-1915m. Fl. Oct-Dec. Native.
    • var. minor (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 34; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 132; ≡ Dendrochilum bicallosum var. minor Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 118; PJS 2 c (1907) 317, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Type: Merrill 5663 (PNH, holo, lost), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon. = Acoridium confusum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; ≡ Dendrochilum confusum Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) 41; Type: BS 5640 Curran (AMES, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Nov-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 700-830m. Fl. Feb, Nov. Native.
18. Dendrochilum cootesii H.A.Pedersen, Lindleyana 12(4) (1997) 205; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 98; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 128; ≡ Pseudacoridium cootesii (H.A.Pedersen) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Cloud forest edges on mossy tree trunks and branches, epiphytic, 1200-2000m. Native.
19. Dendrochilum copelandii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 115; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 34; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 129; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 129; ≡ Acoridium copelandii Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 153; Type: Copeland s.n. (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga, 1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 800m. Native.
20. Dendrochilum cordatum H.A.Pedersen, Lindleyana 16 (2001) 231; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 129. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 2000m. Native.
21. Dendrochilum croceum H.A.Pedersen, Orchid Review 113 (2005) 286; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 129. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 750m. Native.
22. Dendrochilum curranii Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 15; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 98; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 98; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 130; ≡ Acoridium curranii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: BS 3077 Curran (AMES, lecto; AMES, K, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Jan-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 600-2000m. Native.
    • var. curranii. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic in Lithocarpus-Dacrycarpus montane mossy forests on Mt Banahaw summit. Elevation (?600-)950-2000m. Fl. May, Dec-Feb. Native.
23. Dendrochilum cymbiforme Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 41; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 45; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 177; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 99; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 130; Type: BS 7133 Ramos (AMES, lecto; K, US, iso), Luzon: Abra, Mt Bawagan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Apayao, Ifugao, Kalinga. Notes: Mossy forests, 1665-2010m, pendant epiphyte from the lower branches and overhanging trunks. Fl. Jan and/or Feb, Mar-Apr. Native.
24. Dendrochilum derekcabactulanii M.Leon, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 12; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803012 (CAHUP073552, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1400m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: P.B. Pelser (7-Oct-20): Probably conspecific with Dendrochilum tortile (T. Sanders, pers. comm. 5-Oct-20). Native.
25. Dendrochilum diabloviride Cootes & R.Boos, OrchideenJ. 1-1 (2013) 3; Type: Boos 02/2011 (PUH, holo), Samar. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.
26. Dendrochilum ecallosum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 282; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 35; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 134; Type: BS 30240 Ramos (AMES, holo; K, iso), Catanduanes: Mt Mariguidon, epiphytic in forest, 140m, 14-Nov to 11-Dec-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES. Notes: Forest epiphyte at elevation 140m at the type locality, Fl. Nov-Dec. An unlocalized specimen, BS 78885 Quisumbing, recorded in flower in Jan. Native.
27. Dendrochilum ecucullatum Naive, R.Boos, M.Leon & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 24 (2017) 57; Type: M.D. De Leon 004/2016 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, 21-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental. Native.
28. Dendrochilum edanoi Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 141; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 46; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 153; Type: BS 77914 Edaño (A, holo; K, iso), Palawan: Mt Gantung summit, 5500ft (1676m), 8-May-1929. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Native.
29. Dendrochilum elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1558; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 138; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 130; ≡ Acoridium elmeri (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: Elmer 10635 (AMES, holo; AMES, NY, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, Todaya, 2300m, May-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic in the mosy forest, 2300-2465m. Fl. May-Sep. Native.
30. Dendrochilum ewae R.Boos, Cootes & W.Suarez, OrchideenJ. 3 (2014) 124; Type: R. Boos s.n. (NSW821686, holo), cult., Samar, 26-Jun-2014. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Notes: Epiphyte, 400m. Native.
31. Dendrochilum exiguum (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 60; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 38; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 130; ≡ Pseudacoridium exiguum Ames, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 9 (1940) 45; Type: PNH 5174 Alcasid & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Luzon: Aurora, summit of Mt Camatis, c. 1750m, May-1939. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests, 1500-1750m. Native.
32. Dendrochilum exile Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 84; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nom. inval., nom. nud.; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 108; ≡ Acoridium exile (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: Merrill 5721 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, lecto; K, SING, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, 2075m, 15-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 2075m. Fl. Nov. Apparently only known from the type collection. Native.
33. Dendrochilum eximium (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 327; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 100; ≡ Acoridium eximium Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 70; Type: Loher 13221 (AMES, holo; PNH, lost, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Montalban, Mt Paningtingan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Thus far known only from a few collections made by Loher at the general vicinity of the type locality. Fl. Sep. Native.
34. Dendrochilum filiforme Lindl., Bot. Reg. 26 (1840) Misc. 52; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 46; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 170; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 99; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 131; Type: Cuming/cult. Bateman s.n. (K-Herb. Lindley, holo), Luzon. = Dendrochilum filiforme var. ramosii (Ames) L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 49; ≡ Dendrochilum ramosii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 410; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; Type: BS 15003 Ramos (AMES, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Jun-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 665-2250m. Fl. Feb-Jul, Sep-Aug & Nov as well in cultivated plants. One of the most commonly cultivated Dendrochilum species. Native.
35. Dendrochilum flexuosum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1995) 383; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 47; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 172; Type: PNH 10874 Mendoza & Convocar (PNH, holo), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, Mt Kabatuan, 968m, epiphytic on a forested peak. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Known only from the type collection. The Samar material was collected from in primary limestone forest. Native.
36. Dendrochilum foxworthyi Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 8; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 48; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 131; ≡ Acoridium foxworthyi (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: BS 2542 Foxworthy (AMES, lecto; K, SING, US, iso), Luzon: Pampanga, Mt Pinatubo, 1800m, Apr-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Zambales. Notes: Mossy forests, 1800-2402m. Native.
37. Dendrochilum geigeri Cootes, Cabactulan, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 9; Type: M.D. De Leon 006/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 9-Dec-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
38. Dendrochilum glumaceum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) Misc. 23; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 150; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 100; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 131; ≡ Acoridium glumaceum (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220; Type: Cuming, cult. Loddiges s.n. (K-Herb. Lindl., holo), Philippines. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic (occasionally lithophytic) in (usually mossy) forest, (30-)500-2330m. Sometimes very common. Fl. Jan-Jun, Aug-Dec. Native.
39. Dendrochilum graciliscapum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 99; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 36; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 126; ≡ Acoridium graciliscapum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 19 (1906) 152; Type: Copeland 1019 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, trail to Mt Apo, 1650m. = Dendrochilum cucullatum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 98; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; ≡ Acoridium cucullatum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 153; Type: Copeland s.n. (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, 1800m, on mossy trees, 11-Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests, 1650-2465m. Fl. Mar-May, Jul, Sep-Nov. Native.
40. Dendrochilum graminifolium (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 114; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 73; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 132; ≡ Acoridium graminifolium Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 144; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: Merrill 4764 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, iso), Luzon: Benguet, between Suyoc and Pauai, 2000m, Oct/Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Batangas, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Forests (usually mossy), 700-2400(-2450?)m. Fl. Mar, Oct-Jan. Native.
41. Dendrochilum hampelii Sulistyo, Gravend., R.Boos & Cootes, PhytoKeys 56 (2015) 91; Type: Perry 490 (L, holo). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental. Native.
42. Dendrochilum hastatum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 99; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nom. inval., nom. nud.; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 36; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 123; ≡ Acoridium hastatum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; Type: Merrill 5759 (AMES, lecto; BO, K, SING, US, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, 15-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial and epiphytic on bases of trees in ridge forests, 1440-2050m. Fl. Apr, Jun, Nov. Native.
43. Dendrochilum hutchinsonianum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 96; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nom. inval., nom. nud.; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 102; ≡ Acoridium hutchinsonianum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81, as 'hutchinsonii'; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: Merrill 5813 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, 2660m, 20-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Exposed ridge in dense mossy thickets, terrestrial as well as epiphytic, 2660m. Fl. Nov. Known only from the type collection. Native.
44. Dendrochilum ignisiflorum M.N.Tamayo & R.Bustam., Phytotaxa 455 (2020) 241; Type: M.N. Tamayo 0196 (PNH, holo; NLUH, PUH, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Bokod, Mt Komkompol (UARBRR), 2300m, 8-Mar-2020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Conservation status: Vulnerable B2 (Tamayo et al. 2020). Native.
45. Dendrochilum irigense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 58; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 106; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 132; ≡ Acoridium irigense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: F. Santos s.n. (AMES, lecto; BM, BO, K, GH, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso; drawing at GH), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Iriga, Dec-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-1665m. Fl. Nov-Dec. Native.
46. Dendrochilum javierianum Magrath, Bulmer & I.Shafer, Lindleyana 4 (1989) 135, as 'javieriense'; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 84; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 100; Orch. Philip. (2011) 132, as ‘javieri’; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 132, as 'javieri'; Type: Magrath 17372 (OCLA, holo; BRIT, MO, SEL, iso), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya, Dalton Pass, 1830-2440ft, erroneously indicated in meters (558-744m). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic on moss-covered tree branches where it was receiving 10-30% sunlight, above 1200m. Fl. Nov. Native.
47. Dendrochilum kennedyi M.Leon, Cootes, Cabactulan & R.B.Pimentel, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 13; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803015 (CAHUP073555, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1200m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Surigao del Norte. Native.
48. Dendrochilum kingii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm., Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 76; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 41; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 142; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 132; ≡ Platyclinis kingii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 708; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia, Perak. Distribution: MINDORO, PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
    • var. kingii. = Dendrochilum palawanense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 103; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; Type: BS 553 Foxworthy (AMES, holo; K, iso), Palawan: Palawan, Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (Thumb Peak), in mossy scrub, 1250m, 2-Mar-1906. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy scrub or terrestrial, 200-1885m. Fl. Mar-May. Native.
49. Dendrochilum kopfii Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 62(1) (2011) 26; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 133. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Terrestrial and epiphytic, 900-1250m. Native.
50. Dendrochilum latifolium Lindl., Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) Misc. 56; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 50-51; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 157; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 133; ≡ Acoridium latifolium (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220; ≡ Platyclinis latifolia (Lindl.) Hemsl., Gard. Chron. 2, 16 (1881) 656; Type: Collector unknown, cult. Loddiges s.n. (K-Herb. Lindl., holo), Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Kalinga, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, 300-1700m. Native.
    • var. latifolium. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Sur, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: South Cotabato. Notes: Epiphytic, 300-1665m. Fl. (?Jan-)Feb-Aug, a cultivated plant recorded to flower in Nov. Native.
    • var. macranthum (Schltr.) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 51; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 159; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 101; ≡ Dendrochilum macranthum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 163; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 134; ≡ Dendrochilum grandiflorum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8 (1910) 563, nom. illeg., non (Ridl.) J.J.Sm.; ≡ Dendrochilum serratum L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 51, nom. illeg.; Type: ?Micholitz, cult. Sander s.n. (B, holo, lost), Philippines. = Dendrochilum cagayanense Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 41; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292; Type: FB 16722 Curran (AMES, holo; US, iso), Luzon: Cagayan, Mar-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, Kalinga, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic in (often mossy) forest, 370-1630m. Fl. Mar-Sep(-?Oct). A cultivated species recorded to flower in Nov. Native.
51. Dendrochilum loheri Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 12; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 61; ≡ Acoridium loheri (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: Loher 461A (US, holo; AMES, P, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Elevation 1600-2100m. Fl. Feb, May. Native.
52. Dendrochilum longibulbum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 26; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 112; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 101; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 133; ≡ Acoridium longibulbum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: Vanoverbergh 782 (AMES, holo; NY, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, 23-Aug-1910. = Acoridium lucbanense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; ≡ Dendrochilum lucbanense Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1559; Type: Elmer 7571 (AMES, holo; AMES, BM, C, HBG, K, L, NY 2 sheets, P, PNH, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Lucban, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic in (usually mossy) forest, 665-2600m. Fl. Jan-Feb, May, ?Jul, Aug-Oct. Native.
53. Dendrochilum longifolium Rchb.f., Bonplandia 4 (1856) 329; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 51-52; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 155; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 102; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 134; ≡ Acoridium longifolium (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220. = Dendrochilum clemensiae Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 109; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292; Type: M.S. Clemens 642 (PNH, holo, lost; photo of the holotype, together with syntype, M.S. Clemens s.n., in AMES), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley, along Lake Lanao, Jul-1906. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra. ?LUZON: ?Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic or lithophytic, 600-2200m. Fl. May, Jul, Sep-Oct. Native.
54. Dendrochilum longilabre (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 99; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294; ≡ Acoridium longilabre Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 152; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 42; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 139; Type: Copeland 1025 (PNH, holo; lost; AMES, K, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, solitary or clustered on mossy trees, 5600ft (1707m), 19-Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Sarangani (photos). Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, 1700-2300(-2500)m. Fl. Mar, Apr, ?May, Aug. Native.
55. Dendrochilum louisianum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 384; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 78; Type: BS 78670 Edaño (AMES, holo; AMES, NY, iso), Luzon: Cagayan, Mt Balatongan summit, epiphytic, c. 800m, 11-Nov-1929. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Known from two collections from the type locality. Fl. Nov. Native.
56. Dendrochilum luzonense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 121; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 81; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 134; ≡ Acoridium luzonense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: FB 5735 Klemme (AMES, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Kalinga, trail to Balbalasang, 1600m, 19-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphytic, Mossy forests, 1600-2600(-2700?)m. Fl. Feb, Oct-Dec. Native.
57. Dendrochilum macgregorii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 42; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 56; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 134; ≡ Acoridium macgregorii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81, as 'mcgregorii'; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: BS 8849 McGregor (AMES, holo; BO, K, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog (Pulag), 4-Jul-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: High montane mossy oak forest, epiphytic, reportedly at c. 2900m (although alpine grasslands cover this mountain from c. 2650m upwards). Fl. Jul. Only known from two collections at the type locality. Native.
58. Dendrochilum magnum Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861)240; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 53; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 160; ≡ Acoridium magnum (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220; Type: Cuming s.n. (K-Herb. Lindl., holo; drawing in W-Herb. Rchb.f. 49016), Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic (rarely terrestrial) in (often mossy) forest, (?500-)665-1995m. Fl. Feb, Apr-Jul, ?Sep, Nov. Native.
59. Dendrochilum maleolens Kraenzl., Orchis 2 (1908) 63; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 116; ≡ Acoridium maleolens (Kraenzl.) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; Type: Loher s.n., Luzon: Rizal prov. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Fl. Jan. Native.
60. Dendrochilum malindangense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 114; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 53; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 174; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 135; Type: FB 4597 Mearns & Hutchinson (AMES, holo; K, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 1130m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental. Notes: Fl. May. Probably known only from the type collection. Valmayor’s cited occurrence from ‘Zamboanga (Dapitan)’ probably refers unintendedly to the type collection from Mt Malindang (Pedersen 1997). Epiphytic, above 1100m. Native.
61. Dendrochilum marginatum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 318; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18-19; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 50; ≡ Acoridium marginatum Ames, Sched. Orch. 6 (1923) 23; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; Type: M. Ramos s.n. (AMES, holo), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Irig (Irid), 1495m, on tree near summit, 19-Apr-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Epiphyte on summit. Known only from the type collection. Native.
62. Dendrochilum marknaivei Cootes, Die Orchidee 3 (2017) 124; Type: MAKN (M.A.K. Naive) 018/2016 (CMUH00010873, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, Mt Wiji, epiphytic in open forest canopy locations, with humid environments, elevation 2681m, 15-Apr-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: 2400-2700m. Fl. Apr-Aug. Native.
63. Dendrochilum mearnsii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 116; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 128; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 135; Type: FB 4605 Mearns & Hutchinson (AMES, holo; K, iso), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 2425m, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Misamis Occidental, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests, 1350-2500m. Fl. Mar-May, Jul. Native.
64. Dendrochilum megacallosum R.Boos, Naive, Cootes & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 24 (2017) 59; Type: M.D. De Leon 008/2016 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Kalatungan Mountain Range, 21-May-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
65. Dendrochilum merrillii (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 119; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 146; ≡ Acoridium merrillii Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 151; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; Type: Merrill 4585 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Epiphytic, 2100-2545m. Fl. Jun, Aug-Oct. Native.
66. Dendrochilum microchilum (Schltr.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 87; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 66; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 102; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 135; ≡ Acoridium microchilum (Schltr.) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; ≡ Platyclinis microchila Schltr., Bull. Herb. Boissier, II, 6 (1906) 302; Type: Schlechter s.n., cult. (B, holo, lost, drawing at K), Philippines. = Dendrochilum tenue (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 116; ≡ Acoridium tenue Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 145; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Copeland 1019a (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, iso; an unnumbered Copeland specimen, US00344424, dated Apr-1904 from Mt Apo is possibly an isotype), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, epiphytic on mossy trees, 5400ft, 19-Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Usually in oak-dominated and ericaceous mossy forests, sometimes with dense Pandanus thickets, 500-2830m, epiphytic. Fl. throughout the year (except in Aug?). According to Pedersen (1997), record from Taiwan by Ying is possibly due to confounding with Dendrochilum uncatum which is very well-known there. Native.
67. Dendrochilum migueldavidii Cootes & Cabactulan, OrchideenJ. 23 (2016) 171; Type: M.D. De Leon 027/2016 (CMUH00010844, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
68. Dendrochilum mindanaense (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 309; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 70; ≡ Acoridium mindanaense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 25; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; Type: Elmer 14095 (AMES, holo; AMES, BM, BO, K, L, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Fl. Oct. Native.
69. Dendrochilum mindorense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 91; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nom. inval., nom. nud.; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23-24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 104; ≡ Acoridium mindorense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; Type: Merrill 5795 (AMES, lecto; K, SING, US, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: 860-1995m. Fl. Nov. Native.
70. Dendrochilum niveum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 284; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 54; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 153; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 136; Type: Boettcher s.n., pro parte (AMES, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Kalinga, Balbalan, 1000m, 9-Mar-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga, Kalinga-Apayao, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic at c. 1000m. Fl. Mar. (a cultivated specimen in Dec). Native.
71. Dendrochilum ocellatum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 117; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 57; ≡ Acoridium ocellatum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 151; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; Type: Merrill 4481a (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, 2150m, 29-Oct-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Fl. Oct. Native.
72. Dendrochilum oliganthum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 117; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 57; ≡ Acoridium oliganthum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 150; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; Type: Merrill 4481 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, 2150m, 29-Oct-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: 1890-2150m. Fl. Oct. Native.
73. Dendrochilum oreophilum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 317; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 90; ≡ Acoridium oreophilum Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 71; Type: Loher 15042 (AMES, holo; AMES, PNH lost, iso), Luzon: Rizal prov. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Native.
74. Dendrochilum pallideflavens Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 399; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 28-29; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 179; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 103; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 136. = Coelogyne pallideflavens (Blume) M.W.Chase & Schuit., Phytotaxa 510 (2021) 121.; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, JOLO, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
    • var. pallideflavens. = Dendrochilum weberi Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 410; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 296; Type: Weber 59 (AMES, holo; K, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran River. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, JOLO, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Forests (including mangroves) up to elevation 1400m, epiphytic (occasionally lithophytic). Fl. Mar, Jul-Sep; in a cultivated specimen in May. Native.
75. Dendrochilum pangasinanense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 29; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 54-55; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 168; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 136; Type: BS 8286 Ramos (AMES, holo), Luzon: Pangasinan, May-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan. Notes: Lithophytic, c. 900m. Fl. May. Native.
76. Dendrochilum parvipapillatum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 386; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 55; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 166; Type: BS 32401 R.C. McGregor (AMES, holo), Panay: Antique, mossy forest, 1000m, May/Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Mossy forests, 665-1030m, epiphytic. Fl. Apr-Jun. Native.
77. Dendrochilum parvulum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 116; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 63; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 104; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 137; ≡ Acoridium parvulum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 146; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: Merrill 317b (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Oct-1903. = Dendrochilum venustulum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 116; ≡ Acoridium venustulum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 147; Type: Elmer 6273 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Sto Tomas, May-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao, Misamis. Notes: Epiphytic, above 1200m. Native.
    • var. parvulum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Usually in (mossy) forests, also on solitary trees in open areas, (200-)1400-2500m. Fl. Mar-Jul, Oct-Jan. Native.
    • var. strictiforme (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 64; ≡ Dendrochilum strictiforme (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich IV. 50. II. B. 7 (1907) 116; ≡ Acoridium strictiforme Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 147; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Merrill 4854 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, iso), Luzon: Benguet, between Suyoc and Pauai, 2000m, Oct/Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao. Notes: Mossy forests (?1700-)1995-2150m. Fl. Jun-Oct, ?Nov, Dec-Jan. Native.
78. Dendrochilum perplexum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 299; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 75; ≡ Acoridium perplexum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 142; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: Ramos & Edaño 55 (AMES, holo; AMES, BM, K, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Sinapsapan, mossy forest, 1830m, 13-Oct-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, MINDORO. Native.
    • var. perplexum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao. Notes: Epiphyte in the mossy forest, (?1700-)1830(-2080?)m. Fl. Apr, (?Sep-)Oct. Native.
    • var. montanum (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 75; ≡ Acoridium montanum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 1; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; ≡ Acoridium linearifolium Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 141, nom. illeg., non (Hook.f.) Rolfe; Type: Ramos & Edaño 56 (AMES, holo; AMES, BM, K, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Boadan, on trees in mossy forest, 1830m, 26-Sep-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Epiphyte in mossy forests, 1830-2450m. Fl. Sep. Native.
79. Dendrochilum perrineae Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon, R.B.Pimentel & Binayao, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 14; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803014 (CAHUP073554, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1500m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
80. Dendrochilum perrinei Cabactulan, Cootes, M.Leon, R.B.Pimentel & Binayao, OrchideenJ. 6 (2018) 15; Type: M.D. De Leon MDL1803013 (CAHUP073553, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, c. 1300m, 2-Mar-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
81. Dendrochilum philippinense (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 118; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 53; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 137; ≡ Acoridium philippinense Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 149; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: Merrill 4757 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, between Suyoc and Pauai, 2000m, 7-Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, 2000-2500m. Native.
    • var. philippinense. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Notes: Mossy forests, 1600-2540m, epiphytic. Fl. Sep-Feb. Native.
    • var. purpureum (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 53; ≡ Acoridium purpureum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; ≡ Dendrochilum purpureum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 286; Type: Boettcher s.n. (AMES, holo; BM, BO, K, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Pasoan, 2000m, Jan-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao. Native.
82. Dendrochilum plocoglottoides H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 387; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 59; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 141; Type: K. Iwatsuki, G. Murata & H.G. Gutierrez P-874 (L, holo; KYO, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Mt Burnay, in mossy forest, 1800-2000m, 4-Dec-1975. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Fl. Dec. Native.
83. Dendrochilum prodigiosum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 98; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 38; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 136; Type: BS 38521 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Lipa, epiphytic in mossy forest, 6500ft (1981m), 13-Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest at c. 2000m. Apparently known only from the type collection, collected in flower in Jul. Native.
84. Dendrochilum propinquum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 285; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 38; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 133; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 137; Type: Wenzel 805 (AMES, holo; K, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Masaganap near Jaro, epiphyte in forest, 700m, 27-Dec-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, MINDANAO: Cotabato. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 500-700(-900?)m. Fl. Feb, Mar, Dec. Native.
85. Dendrochilum pseudowenzelii H.A.Pedersen, Malesian Orchid J. 7 (2011) 118. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: P.B. Pelser (6-Aug-23): origin unknown? Native.
86. Dendrochilum pulcherrimum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 311; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 26; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 44; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 104; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 138; ≡ Acoridium pulcherrimum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 144; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: Ramos & Edaño 45 (AMES, holo; BM, K, NY, US, W, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Natoo, 1750m, 30-Sep-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Mossy forest, c. 1200-1830m, epiphytic, often in well-lit sites. Fl. Feb, Sep. Native.
87. Dendrochilum pulogense Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 594; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 59; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 138; ≡ Acoridium pulogense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: FB 16347 Curran, Merritt & Zschokke (AMES, holo), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog (Pulag), Jan-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: High-montane mossy forests, epiphytic, above 1200m. Fl. Jan, May-Jul, Oct. Native.
88. Dendrochilum pumilum Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 109; ≡ Acoridium pumilum (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 12 (1904) 220; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: Cuming 2102 (W-Rchb.f. 20440, holo; BM, K, W, iso; drawing in AMES), Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga-Apayao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, MINDORO. Native.
    • var. pumilum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests and on exposed ridges, 1025-2250m. Fl. Nov-Feb. Native.
    • var. recurvum (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 111; ≡ Dendrochilum recurvum (Ames) Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318; ≡ Acoridium recurvum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 148; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; Type: Merrill 4584 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga-Apayao, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests and exposed ridges, 700-2795m. Fl. Sep-Nov, a cultivated plant in Feb. Native.
89. Dendrochilum quadrilobum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 61; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20-21; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 68; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 105; ≡ Acoridium quadrilobum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7e (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; Type: BS 19894 R.C. McGregor (AMES, lecto; BM, BO, K, L, NY, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Ifugao, Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphtic in forests (usually mossy), 200-2000m. Fl. Jan & Feb. Native.
90. Dendrochilum quinquecallosum H.A.Pedersen, Orchid Rev. 115 (2007) 223; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 138. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m. Native.
91. Dendrochilum quisumbingianum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 389; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 55; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 178; Type: PNH 10887 Mendoza & Convocar (PNH, holo; AMES, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Hilong-hilong, summit. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Mossy forest, c. 1940m, epiphytic. Fl. Mar. Native.
92. Dendrochilum ravanii Cootes, OrchideenJ. 17 (2010) 114; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 139. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 800m. Native.
93. Dendrochilum reniforme Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 63; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 91; ≡ Acoridium reniforme (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; Type: F. Calico s.n. (AMES, lecto; BM, K, NY, iso), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Mar-1913. = Dendrochilum urciforme (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 316; ≡ Acoridium urciforme Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 76; Type: Loher 13276 (AMES, holo; PNH, lost, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Paminglingan, near Montalban, Apr-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Fl. Feb, ?Mar, Apr, Oct. Native.
94. Dendrochilum rhombophorum (Rchb.f.) Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 7; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 21; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 54; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 106; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 139; ≡ Acoridium rhombophorum (Rchb.f.) Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 1; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; ≡ Coelogyne rhombophora Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 116; Type: Wallis s.n. (W-Herb. Rchb.f. 20434, holo; NY, iso), Philippines: L.L.Co: From the NY sheet, one can see clearly that contrary to Pedersen’s (1997) citation, the Wallis sheet is an unnumbered collection and that ‘72001’ is most likely intended for '7200’ (7200ft). = Dendrochilum whitfordii (Rolfe) Pfitzer & Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich IV 50 II B 7 (1907) 162; ≡ Acoridium whitfordii Rolfe in Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 73; Type: Whitford 139 (K, holo; AMES 2 sheets, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, May-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests, 500-2500(-2600?)m. Fl. Mar-Jun. Native.
95. Dendrochilum rotundilabium L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 50; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 39; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 124; Type: BS 75814 Edaño (AMES, holo), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Madooy summit, 2000ft (610m), 9-Nov-1928. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Epiphytic in (sometimes mossy) forests, 600-1940m. Fl. Apr, Nov. Native.
96. Dendrochilum saccolabium Kraenzl., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 56; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 21; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 87; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 106; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 139; ≡ Acoridium saccolabium (Kraenzl.) Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 2; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; Type: Loher s.n., cult. Hort. Bot. Nymphenb., Philippines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic in forests, 200-350m. Fl. Sep, Nov-Jan. Native.
97. Dendrochilum schweinfurthianum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 323; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 115; ≡ Acoridium schweinfurthianum Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 73; Type: BS 48602 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo; K, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Tokduanbaboy, epiphytic in mossy forest, 1200m, Nov-1926. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Fl. Nov. Apparently known only from the type collection. Native.
98. Dendrochilum septemnervium H.A.Pedersen, Malesian Orchid J. 7 (2011) 119. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.
99. Dendrochilum serratoi (Ames) Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 139; ≡ Acoridium serratoi Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 27; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; ≡ Dendrochilum curranii var. serratoi (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 308; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 100; Type: J.S. Serrato s.n. (AMES, holo; AMES, NY, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Laguna, Nueva Ecija (photos), Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic in (usually mossy) forests, 500-1830(-2195?)m. Fl. Jun-Jul, Sep-Nov. Native.
100. Dendrochilum simulacrum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 92; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 116; ≡ Acoridium simulacrum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 82; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; Type: FB 4981 Curran (AMES, holo; K, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Tonglon (Mt Sto Tomas), 8-Aug-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Quezon. Notes: Epiphytic along forest margins on the summit vicinity at the type locality, c. 1995m. Fl. May, Aug. Native.
101. Dendrochilum smithianum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 311; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 26; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 44; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 106; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 140; ≡ Acoridium smithianum Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 74; Type: Loher 15129 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Rizal. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: L.L.Co: Aside from the type, also known from two other collections (Loher 12566a & 13950) possibly rather adjacent to the type locality. Epiphytic, c. 500m. Fl. Jan, May. Native.
102. Dendrochilum stenophyllum L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1953) 300; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 21; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 77; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 107; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 140; ≡ Acoridium angustifolium Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 69; Type: Loher 14721 (AMES, holo; P, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Batangas, Benguet, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: L.L.Co: The type locality is most likely to be located in the general vicinity of the Sierra Madre Range N and E of Montalban. Said region is the most important collection site of Loher during the late 1890s to early 1900s. Cootes (2001, 2011) also adds Aurora and Quezon provinces to the distributional range, and ‘epiphytic at elevations (of) about 1000m’, otherwise, nothing is known about the habitat and elevation range of this species. Fl. Sep. Native.
103. Dendrochilum tenellum (Nees & Meyen) Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 21; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 79; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 108; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 141; ≡ Acoridium tenellum Nees & Meyen, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1 (1843) 131; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Meyen s.n. (K, holo), Philippines. = Dendrochilum junceum Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Humburg. 1 (1878) 54; Type: Wallis s.n. (W-Herb. Rchb.f. 49002), Luzon: Laguna, Los Baños. = Dendrochilum sphacelatum (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 112; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 140; ≡ Acoridium sphacelatum Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 1; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289; Type: Elmer 6554 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES 2 sheets, K, L, NY, P, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Sto Tomas, Jun-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, La Union, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic (usually oak-ericaceous mossy forests), sometimes in open ridge forests, 300-2495m, but most common between 1000-1500m. Fl. Sep-Jul. P.B. Pelser & M.A.K. Naive (21-Aug-20): Cootes (2011) considers Dendrochilum tenellum and Dendrochilum sphacelatum as taxonomically distinct at the species level, but Pedersen (1997) provides good arguments for considering them synonymous. Native.
104. Dendrochilum tenuibulbum (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 325; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 113; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 108; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 141; ≡ Acoridium tenuibulbum Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 75; Type: Loher 13046 (AMES, holo; AMES, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Balacbac, May-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Rizal, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic among mosses, on tree trunks, in rather brightly-lit sites, c. 950-1430m. Native.
105. Dendrochilum tenuifolium (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 114; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 97; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 141; ≡ Acoridium tenuifolium Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 145; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Merrill 4576 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, US, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, 1600-2150(-2500?)m. Fl. Jul-Feb. Native.
106. Dendrochilum tetradactyliferum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 390; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 40; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 135; Type: PNH 2370 Edaño (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, Miran River, bole epiphyte in forest, 1915m, 6-Nov-1946. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic on forested ridges, 1800-1915m. Eight collections cited by Pedersen are thus far only known to be confined to the general vicinity of the type locality. Fl. Nov. Native.
107. Dendrochilum tiongianum Cootes, OrchideenJ. 18 (2011) 152; Type: Cootes 2011/01 (NSW, holo), cult. Riverwood. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
108. Dendrochilum tortile H.A.Pedersen, Malesian Orchid J. 7 (2011) 121; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 141. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Cootes (2011): " ...most likely of Philippine origin. The exact whereabouts of this species, are at this time, unknown.". Native.
109. Dendrochilum turpe (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 118; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 93; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 142; ≡ Acoridium turpe Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 149; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Merrill 4758 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, K, iso), Luzon: Benguet, between Suyoc and Pauai, 7-Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests, (?1700-)2060 and 2400(-2500?)m. Fl. Feb-Apr, Sep-Dec. Native.
110. Dendrochilum uncatum Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 57-58; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 162; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 109; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 142; ≡ Acoridium uncatum (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220; Type: Cuming 2073 (W-Herb. Rchb.f. 49080, holo; BM, K, L 2 sheets, P, SING, W, A (drawing), iso), Luzon: Zambales prov. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic, above 500m. Native.
     • var. lancifolium Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 2, 16 (1881) 780; Type: Cuming 2103 (W-Rchb.f. 49034, holo; BM, K, L, P, W, iso), Philippines. Native.
     • var. longispicatum (Ames) H.A.Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 58; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 165; ≡ Dendrochilum longispicatum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 105; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294; Type: Merrill 4336 (AMES, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Oct/Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, 1450-1750m. Fl. Apr, Jul, Sep-Dec. Native.
     • var. uncatum. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales. Notes: Epiphytic (rarely lithophytic) in (usually mossy) forest, 930-2500m. Fl. throughout the year. Native.
111. Dendrochilum undulatum H.A.Pedersen, Orch. Rev. 115 (2007) 225; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 142. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, ?Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1200m. Raab Bustamante (pers. comm., 5-May-21): this species has been reported as growing in Nueva Vizcaya, but it is more likely that this is actually Nueva Ecija. Native.
112. Dendrochilum unicallosum L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 51; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 58; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 146; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 143; Type: Loher 14643, pro parte (AMES, holo; BM, BO, C, K, P, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forest, c. 1330m. Native.
113. Dendrochilum unicorne (Ames) L.O.Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 314; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 118; ≡ Acoridium unicorne Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 145; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Ramos & Edaño 54 (AMES, holo; AMES, BM, K, L, NY, P, SING, US, W, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Simakoko, epiphytic in the mossy forest, 6500ft (1981m), 6-Oct-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Fl. Oct. Native.
114. Dendrochilum vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 27; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 102; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 109; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 143; ≡ Acoridium vanoverberghii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 82; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290; Type: Vanoverbergh 1046 (AMES, lecto; A, PNH lost, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Nov/Dec-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests, c. 2000m. Fl. Jan, Feb, Nov/Dec. Native.
115. Dendrochilum veronicae Cootes, OrchideenJ. 22 (2015) 163; Type: Clowes cult. NSW 907366 (NSW, holo), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya, 28-Aug-2014. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
116. Dendrochilum warrenii H.A.Pedersen & Gravend., Blumea 49 (2004) 358; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 143; Naive & Gravendeel, Lankesteriana 18 (2018) 208; Type: Warren EQ 3066 (C, holo), cult. Richard C. Warren 2003. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
117. Dendrochilum wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 65; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 21; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 85; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 110; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 143; ≡ Acoridium wenzelii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 82; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 291; Type: Wenzel 264 (AMES, lecto; BM, C, K, L, NY, P, SING, US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Masaganap near Jaro, epiphyte in forest, 750m, 11-Feb-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Epiphytic in forests (sometimes mossy), frequently on ridges, 500-1800m. Fl. Feb-Mar, Dec. Native.
118. Dendrochilum williamsii (Ames) Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 114; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 83; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 111; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 144; ≡ Acoridium williamsii Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 143; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 291; Type: R.S. Williams 1939 (NY, holo; AMES, GH, K, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, La Trinidad, on rocks, 28-Sep-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija (photos), Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Notes: Epiphytic in mossy forests (rarely lithophytic), 1165-2540m. Fl. Sep-Nov. Native.
119. Dendrochilum woodianum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 80; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318, nom. inval., nom. nud.; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 60; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 37; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 144; ≡ Pseudacoridium woodianum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 79; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; Type: Merrill 5618 (AMES, holo; K, SING, US, iso; drawings at BM, NY, PNH, SING), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, 2050-2600m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte on ridges between 1200-2830 m. Fl. Apr-May, Nov. Native.
120. Dendrochilum yuccifolium L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 53; H.A.Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 58; Opera Bot. 131 (1997) 175; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 111; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 144; Type: Loher 13216 (AMES, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Montalban, Paningtingan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Reportedly epiphytic at elevations over 500m. Fl. Jan, Sep; known to flower in March from cultivated specimens. Native.

Dendrolirium Blume

1. Dendrolirium ornatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 345; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 145; ≡ Eria ornata (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 66; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Zamboanga, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 1450m. Native.

Didymoplexiella Garay

1. Didymoplexiella philippinensis (Ames) Cootes, Orchids Austral. 32 (2020) 10; ≡ Didymoplexis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 24; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 268. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, PALAWAN. Notes: Forest up to 300m elevation. Native.

Didymoplexis Griff.

1. Didymoplexis micradenia (Rchb.f.) Hemsl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20 (1883) 311; ≡ Epiphanes micradenia Rchb.f. in Seem., Fl. Vit. (1886) 295; Type: from Fiji. Distribution: Malesia to Taiwan and Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental (photos), NEGROS. Native.
2. Didymoplexis pallens Griff., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4 (1844) 383; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 267; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 145; Type: from India. Distribution: Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Laguna, Pampanga, Rizal, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 300m. Native.
3. Didymoplexis striata J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) t.104B. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Thailand. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Present in the Philippines according to Jim Cootes (pers. comm., 2-Jan-20). Native.

Dienia Lindl.

1. Dienia carinata Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223; ≡ Crepidium carinatum (Rchb.f.) Marg., Edinb. Journ. Bot. 62 (3) (2005) 165-179. = Dienia benguetensis (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; ≡ Crepidium benguetense (Ames) Marg., Ann. Bot. Fenn. 39 (2002) 65; ≡ Malaxis benguetensis Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 43; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. Distribution: Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Benguet, Pampanga, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Native.
2. Dienia ophrydis (J.Koenig) Seidenf., Contr. Orchid Fl. Thailand 13 (1997) 18; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 146; ≡ Malaxis ophrydis (J.Koenig) Ormerod in Seidenf., Descr. Epidendrorum Koenig (1995) 18; ≡ Crepidium ophrydis (J.Koenig) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; ≡ Epidendrum ophrydis J.Koenig in Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 46; Type: from India. = Dienia curranii (Ames) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; ≡ Malaxis curranii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 44; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. = Dienia latifolia (Sm.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; ≡ Malaxis latifolia Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 22 (1819) no. 3; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304; Type: from Nepal. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Batangas, Benguet, Cavite, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pangasinan (photos), Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN, ROMBLON (photos), TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Terrestrial, low elevation. Native.

Diglyphosa Blume

1. Diglyphosa elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1555; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, South Cotabato (photos). Native.
2. Diglyphosa latifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 336. Distribution: China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra. NEGROS. Native.

Dilochia Lindl.

1. Dilochia deleoniae Tandang & Galindon, PhytoKeys 139 (2020) 92; Type: Tadiosa 2059 with Tandang (PNH, holo; CMUH, BRIT, CAHUP, iso), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, San Isidro, Mt Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, 7-Jul-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Conservation status: Vulnerable D2 (Tandang et al. 2020). Native.
2. Dilochia elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1554; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 146. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 500m. Native.
3. Dilochia wallichii Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1830) 38; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 146. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 800m. Native.

Dimorphorchis Rolfe.

1. Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 64; ≡ Arachnis breviscapa J.J.Sm., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 74. = Arachnis longicaulis (Schltr.) L.O.Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 31; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 28; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 32; ≡ Vandopsis longicaulis Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1913) 973. = Arachnis lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 221; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 427. = Arachnis longicaulis forma flavescens Valmayor & D.Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. A-V(3) (1983) 16. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: High-canopy epiphyte, usually at c. 1000m. Native.

Dipodium R.Br.

1. Dipodium fevrellii J.J.Sm., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. lxv. (1933) 497; Type: from Sulawesi. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
   • ssp. deleonii P.O'Byrne, Malesian Orchid Journal 19 (2017) 47; Type: Tandang & Tadiosa s.n. (PNH, holo), Samar: Brgy San Isidro, Samar Island National Park. Palau, Philippines. ≠ Dipodium paludosum auct. non (Griff.) Rchb.f.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 402; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 112; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 147. Distribution: LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Up to 600m. Native.
2. Dipodium purpureum J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. 4 (1910) t. 304; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Philippines. MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.
   • ssp. philippinense P.O'Byrne, Malesian Orchid Journal 19 (2017) 107; Type: Ridsdale 1230 (L, holo; K, PNH, iso), Mindoro: San Teodoro. ≠ Dipodium pictum auct. non (Lindl.) Rchb.f.; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 148. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.
3. Dipodium wenzelii P.O'Byrne, Malesian Orchid Journal 19 (2017) 87; Type: Wenzel 418 (K, holo; L, PNH, SING, iso), Leyte: Buenavista, Jaro, 500 m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.

Disperis Sw.

1. Disperis neilgherrensis Wight, Icon. Plant. Ind.Orient. 5 (1851) t. 1719; Kurzweil, Blumea 50 (2005) 145; Adansonia sér. 3, 27(2) (2005) 174; Type: from India. = Disperis philippinensis Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 436; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 260; Type: Merrill 4215 (AMES, iso), Luzon: Pampanga, Mt Arayat, very scattered among boulders on forested slopes, 300-700m, Sep-1905. = Disperis siamensis Rolfe ex Downie, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1925) 422; Type: from Thailand. = Stigmatodactylus palawensis Tuyama, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) liii (1939) 57. Distribution: Hong Kong, India, Java, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Batangas, Pampanga, Sorsogon, PANAY (photos). Notes: Terrestrial at 300-700m. Native.

Epiblastus Schltr.

1. Epiblastus merrillii L.O.Williams, PJS 71 (1940) 113; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 148. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Misamis, South Cotabato, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Epiphytic, 1000-2350 m. Native.

Epidendrum L. (Not native)

1. Epidendrum radicans Pav. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1831) 104. Distribution: C & S America. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Naturalized in secondary forest in San Luis, Aurora (Jayson Mansibang, pers. comm. 23-Aug-21). Naturalized.

Epigeneium Gagnep.

1. Epigeneium acuminatum (Rolfe) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 260; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 113; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 149; ≡ Katherinea acuminata (Rolfe) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 19 (1956) 94; ≡ Dendrobium acuminatum Rolfe in Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 86, nom. illeg., non Kunth; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343; Type: C.A. Wenzel 47. = Dendrobium acutilingue Schuit. & Peter B.Adams, Muelleria 29(1) (2011) 65. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Kalinga, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, 500-2000m, often in full sun. Native.
2. Epigeneium lyonii (Ames) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 263; ≡ Dendrobium lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 177; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351; Type: Lyon s.n. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Notes: Epiphytic, 660-1100m. Native.
3. Epigeneium stella-silvae (Loher & Kraenzl.) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 265; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 150; ≡ Katherinea stella-silvae (Loher & Kraenzl.) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 19 (1956) 97; ≡ Dendrobium stella-silvae (Loher & Kraenzl.) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 139; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 356; ≡ Sarcopodium stella-silvae Loher & Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7 (1909) 40. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Rizal, Zambales. Notes: Epiphytic, Forest slope, above 500m. Native.
4. Epigeneium treacherianum (Rchb.f. ex Hook.f.) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 265; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 150; ≡ Katherinea treacheriana (Rchb.f. ex Hook.f.) A.D.Hawkes, Lloydia 19 (1956) 97; ≡ Dendrobium treacherianum Rchb.f. ex Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 107 (1881) t. 6591. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Kalinga, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Commonly epiphytic, occasionally lithophytic, often in well-lit sites, 600-1200m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Epipogium Gmel. ex Borkh.

1. Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 1 (1857) 177; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 265; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 151; ≡ Limodorum roseum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 30; Type: from Nepal. Distribution: Australia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial in forest, 500-800m. Native.

Eria Lindl.

1. Eria cochleata Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) Misc. 14; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366; Ormerod & Juswara, Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 172; Type: Loddiges s.n. (K-L, holo), cult. from Luzon: Manila. = Eria merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 331; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372; Type: Merrill 5519 (PNH, holo, lost; AMES, iso), Mindoro: Alag River, 12-Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, SAMAR. Native.
2. Eria sessilifolia (J.Fraser) D.L.Roberts & Sayers, Curtis's Bot. Mag. 22(1) (2005) 40; ≡ Tainia sessilifolia J.Fraser, Gard. World 7 (1898) 187; Schuiteman et al., Nordic J. Bot. 26 (2008) 290. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Synonym of Eria javanica (Schuiteman et al. 2008)? Native.
3. Eria stellata Lindl., Bot. Reg. 11 (1825) t. 904; Ormerod & Juswara, Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 174; Type: from Java. = Eria javanica var. philippinensis Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenr. IV. 50, II, B. 21, 50 (1911) 26, f. 15E-F, nom. inval., nom. nud. ≠ Eria javanica auct. non (Sw.) Blume; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 369; Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 117; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 151. Distribution: Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Native.

Possibly present

1. Eria cymbiformis J.J.Sm., Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 152. Distribution: ?Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra.

Erythrodes Blume

1. Erythrodes boettcheri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 8; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga. Notes: 1000m. Native.
2. Erythrodes latifolia Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 8 (1825) 410. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Quezon (photos). Native.
3. Erythrodes weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 30; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. JOLO, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Terrestrial in shady forest at 10m elevation. In Jolo at 830m elevation. Native.
4. Erythrodes wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 31; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 88; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 152. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: ?Albay (photos), Quezon, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial, 600-1800m. Native.

Erythrorchis Blume

1. Erythrorchis altissima (Blume) Blume, Rumphia 1 (1837) 200; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 152; ≡ Galeola altissima (Blume) Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1865) 77; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1(1924) 262; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 99; ≡ Cyrtosia altissima Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 396; Type: from Java. = Erythrorchis ochobiensis (Hayata) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 30 (1986) 234; ≡ Galeola ochobiensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6 (1916) 87; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BABUYAN ISLS, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Present in Cagayan according to Co; in Quezon according to Cootes (2011). Native.

Eucosia Blume

1. Eucosia viridiflora (Blume) M.C.Pace, Brittonia 72 (2020) 264; ≡ Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 34; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 163; ≡ Epipactis viridiflora (Blume) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 61; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 272; ≡ Neottia viridiflora Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 408; Type: from Java. Distribution: Australia, Bhutan, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Java, Malaysia, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphyte, up to 2000m elevation in Davao. Native.

Eulophia R.Br. ex Lindl.

1. Eulophia bicallosa (D.Don) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Kew Bull. 20 (1966) 60; Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 176; ≡ Bletia bicallosa D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 30; Type: from Nepal. = Eulophia merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 104; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339; Type: Merrill 5452 (AMES, holo), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, Caraga, open grassy slopes, 100m, 6-Oct-1906. = Eulophia vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 13; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 341; Type: Vanoverbergh 336 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Mountain Province, on hillocks, 1350m, 2-Apr-1910. Distribution: Australia, China, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malaysia, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand. LUZON: Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, South Cotabato, Surigao. Notes: Near sea-level to 1350m. Probably erroneously reported from Taiwan (Lin et al. 2016). Native.
2. Eulophia dentata Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 51; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Rizal. Notes: Endemic only if Eulophia taiwanensis Hayata is not considered conspecific (Lin et al. 2016). Native.
3. Eulophia exaltata Rchb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 38; Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 176. = Bletia stricta C.Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1827) 98; Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 185; ≡ Eulophia stricta (C.Presl) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 103, nom. illeg., non Rolfe; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 340; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, LUZON: Albay, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato. Native.
4. Eulophia graminea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 182; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 153; Type: from Singapore. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 500m. Native.
5. Eulophia nuda Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 180; ≡ Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh in Nicolson, Suresh & Manilal, Interpr. Van Rheede’s Hort. Malab. (1988) 300, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 154; ≡ Wolfia spectabilis Dennst., Schlussel Hortus Malab. (1818) 38, nom. illeg. = Eulophia squalida Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) Misc. 77; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339. = Eulophia macgregorii Ames, PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 12; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BALABAC, BANCALAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Tarlac, Zambales, MANGSEE, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 1300m. Native.
6. Eulophia picta (R.Br.) Ormerod, Checkl. Papuasian Orchids (2017) 293; Naive et al., Phytotaxa 548 (2022) 292; ≡ Cymbidium pictum R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. (1810) 331; Type: from Australia. = Limodorum densiflorum Lam., Encycl. 3 (1792) 516; ≡ Malaxis cernua Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 4 (1805) 93, nom. illeg.; ≡ Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 259; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 162; ≡ Eulophia cernua (Willd.) T.C.Hsu, Ill. Fl. Taiwan 2 (2016) 36, nom. illeg.; ≡ Eulophia cernua (Willd.) M.W.Chase, Kumar & Schuit., Phytotaxa 491 (2021) 51, nom. illeg.; Type: from India. = Dendrobium nutans C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 1 (1831) 34; ≡ Geodorum nutans (C.Presl) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 164; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 341; Type: T.Haenke, Sym. Bot. 1 (1831) t. 23 (K), Luzon. = Arethusa glutinosa Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 641; Voucher: Merrill Species Blancoanae 511 (US), Luzon: Near Manila, Oct-1914. = Geodorum semicristatum Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 6/7(Geodorum) (1855) 2; Type: Cuming 2107 (BM, K, L, syn), Philippines. Distribution: Australia, Bangladesh, China, Hong Kong, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BABUYAN ISLS, BANCALAN, BILIRAN, DALUPIRI, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Bataan, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial in secondary forests and open grasslands and other degraded habitats, 0-500m. The name Eulophia densiflora is already occupied by Eulophia densiflora Lindl. Native.
7. Eulophia pulchra (Thouars) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 182; ≡ Eulophidium pulchrum (Thouars) Summerh., Bull. Jard. Bot. État 27 (1957) 400; ≡ Oeceoclades pulchra (Thouars) P.J.Cribb & M.A.Clem., Austral. Orchid Res. 1 (1989) 99; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 193; Bone et al., Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 179 (2015) 43-56; ≡ Limodorum pulchrum Thouars, Hist. Orchid. (1822) t. 43; Type: from Madagascar. = Eulophia macrostachya Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 133; Bot. Reg. 23 (1837) t. 1972; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339; Type: from Sri Lanka. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Cambodia, India, Indian Ocean, Java, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 500m. Native.
8. Eulophia terrestris (L.) M.W.Chase, Kumar & Schuit., Phytotaxa 491 (2021) 53; ≡ Geodorum terrestre (L.) Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 2 (1997) 47; ≡ Phaius terrestris (L.) Ormerod, Austral. Orchid Rev. 59 (1994) 14; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 205; ≡ Epidendrum terrestre L., Syst. Nat. ed. 2, 10 (1759) 1246. Distribution: Bangladesh to Malay Peninsula, Philippines. Native.
9. Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm., Orchid. Java (1905) 228; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 154; ≡ Cyrtopera zollingeri Rchb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 38; Type: from Java. = Eulophia zollingerioides P.O'Byrne, Malesian Orchid J. 7 (2011) 58. Distribution: Australia, China, India, Java, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 1000m. Native.

Galeola Lour.

1. Galeola nudifolia Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2 (1790) 520; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 160. = Galeola pterosperma (Lindl.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 386; ≡ Vanilla pterosperma Lindl. ex Wall., Numer. List (1832) 7402. = Galeola kuhlii Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1865) 78; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 262; Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 99. Distribution: Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Himalayas, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Widely distributed, common species in the Philippines, 75-180m. Native.

Gastrochilus D.Don

1. Gastrochilus calceolaris (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 32; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 161; ≡ Aerides calceolaris Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 39 (1818) 11. = Gastrochilus philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 231; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434. Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, MINDANAO: Misamis. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 1000m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Gastrochilus sororius Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12 (1913) 315. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. Native.

Gastrodia R.Br.

1. Gastrodia cajanoae Barcelona & Pelser, Phytotaxa 266 (2016) 53; Type: Plaga & Alcala 1 (PNH, holo), Negros: Negros Occidental, Northern Negros Natural Park, Victorias City, Brgy Gawahon, Gawahon Eco-Park, 6-Dec-2015. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, NEGROS. Notes: 550–1400m. Conservation status: Least Concern (Pelser et al. 2016). Native.
2. Gastrodia javanica (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1840) 384; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 268; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 161; ≡ Epiphanes javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 421. Distribution: China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Thailand. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial, apparently more general in mountainous regions. Erroneously reported from Taiwan (Lin et al. 2016). Native.
3. Gastrodia sabahensis J.J.Wood & A.Lamb, Malesian Orchid J. 1 (2008) 139; Pelser et al., Phytotaxa 371 (2018) 30; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. NEGROS. Native.
4. Gastrodia verrucosa Blume, Mus. Bot. 2(9-12) (1856) 175; Suddee & Harwood, Thai For. Bull. (Bot.) 37 (2009) 144-146; Barcelona et al., PJS 142 (2013) 62. Distribution: Japan, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PANAY. Native.

Glomera Blume

1. Glomera gastrodioides Cootes, Cabactulan & M.Leon, OrchideenJ. 5 (2017) 11; Type: M.D. De Leon 008/2017 (CMUH, holo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 27-Dec-2016. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
2. Glomera merrillii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 419; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; Type: Merrill 8290 (AMES, holo). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.

Goodyera R.Br.

1. Goodyera clausa (A.A.Eaton ex Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 392; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 162; ≡ Epipactis clausa A.A.Eaton ex Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 41; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, NEGROS. Notes: Terrestrial, c. 2200m. Native.
2. Goodyera luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 26; ≡ Epipactis luzonensis (Ames) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Notes: c. 2000m. Native.
3. Goodyera ramosii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) 409; ≡ Epipactis ramosii (Ames) Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 14; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forest, on dead trees. Native.

Grammatophyllum Blume

1. Grammatophyllum martae Quisumb. ex Valmayor & D.Tiu, Philipp. Orchid Rev. A-V(3) (1983) 18; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 164. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Grammatophyllum measuresianum Sander, Gard. & Forest 2 (1889) 524; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 164. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUMBUCAN, LUZON: Batangas, Cavite, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
3. Grammatophyllum multiflorum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) Misc. 46; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 164. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 300m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
   • var. multiflorum. = Grammatophyllum multiflorum forma citrinum (Valmayor & D.Tiu) D.Tiu, Deciphering Script. Philipp. Grammatophyllum (2009) 53; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 165; ≡ Grammatophyllum scriptum forma citrinum Valmayor & D.Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 218, nom. inval. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay. Native.
   • var. tigrinum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) 28; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 165; ≡ Grammatophyllum scriptum var. tigrinum (Lindl.) Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya (1964) 531. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Up to 300 m. Native.
4. Grammatophyllum ravanii D.Tiu, Deciphering Script. Philipp. Grammatophyllum (2009) 90; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 165. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, c. 560m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
5. Grammatophyllum rumphianum Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 219. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
6. Grammatophyllum scriptum (L.) Blume, Rumphia 4 (1848) 48; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 399; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 165; ≡ Epidendrum scriptum L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1351. = Grammatophyllum scriptum var. boweri (F.Muell.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 951; ≡ Grammatophyllum boweri F.Muell., S. Sci. Rec. 3 (1883) 1. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls. LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SARANGANI. Notes: Epiphytic, low elevation. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
7. Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 378; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 401; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 166. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Surigao, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 600m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
8. Grammatophyllum wallisii Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 107; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 166. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 600m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Possibly present

1. Grammatophyllum elegans Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. II (1882) 776; Agoo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol. 1 (2007) 89. Distribution: Pacific Ocean, ?Philippines.

Grosourdya Rchb.f.

1. Grosourdya appendiculata (Blume) Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1868) 123; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 168; ≡ Pteroceras appendiculatum (Blume) Holttum, Kew Bull. 14 (1960) 269; ≡ Sarcochilus appendiculatus (Blume) J.J.Sm., Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 564; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 406; ≡ Thrixspermum appendiculatum (Blume) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 682; ≡ Dendrocolla appendiculata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 289; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic, low elevation. Native.
2. Grosourdya emarginata (Blume) Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. ii. (1868) 123; ≡ Ascochilus emarginatus (Blume) Schuit., Orchids of Sarawak (2001) 145; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 34; ≡ Dendrocolla emarginata Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 7 (1825) 290. = Ascochilus siamensis Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 375. = Sarcochilus mcgregorii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 213; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; ≡ Thrixspermum mcgregorii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 337; Type: R.C. McGregor 288. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDORO. Notes: Epiphyte up to 300m. Native.
3. Grosourdya leytensis (Ames) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 65; ≡ Ascochilus leytensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 161; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 35; ≡ Sarcochilus leytensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 211; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Native.
4. Grosourdya mindanaensis (Ames) Kocyan & Schuit., Phytotaxa 161 (2014) 66; ≡ Ascochilus mindanaensis (Ames) Christenson, Indian Orchid J. 1 (1985) 151; Selbyana 9, 1 (1986) 167; ≡ Sarcochilus mindanaensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 214; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; ≡ Thrixspermum mindanaense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 436. = Ascochilus calceolaris (Teijsm. & Binn.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 161, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; ≡ Aerides calceolaris Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27 (1864) 19, nom. illeg., non Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. Distribution: Java, Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte. Native.
5. Grosourdya muscosa (Rolfe) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 181; ≡ Sarcochilus muscosus Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1893) 7; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Thailand. Native.
6. Grosourdya tripercus (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 181; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 169; ≡ Sarcochilus tripercus Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 125; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 408. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDORO. Notes: Epiphytic, up to 1200m. Native.

Habenaria Willd.

1. Habenaria alagensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 312; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 255; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 169. = Habenaria luzonensis Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1550. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial, apparently near streams, up to 2000m. Native.
2. Habenaria aristulifera Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 213; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 170. = Habenaria cumingii Kraenzl. & Schltr. in Kraenzl., Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1 (1898) 262. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, BOHOL, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO, PANAY (photos). Notes: Terrestrial, 500-600m. Native.
3. Habenaria boadanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 153; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province (photos). Notes: On open slopes at 2000m elevation. Native.
4. Habenaria congesta Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 38; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, BUSUANGA, CULION, GUIMARAS, JOLO, LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Zamboanga, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Apparently in dry open situations at low elevation. Native.
5. Habenaria curranii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 2; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, MINDORO. Native.
6. Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 125; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 170; ≡ Orchis dentata Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21 (1800) 207; Type: from China. Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. Notes: No locality information for Philippine plants (Cootes 2011). Native.
   • var. dentata. Native.
7. Habenaria diphylla (Nimmo) Dalzell in Hook., J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2 (1850) 262; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 257; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 170; ≡ Liparis diphyllos Nimmo in Graham, Cat. Pl. Bombay (1839) 252. Distribution: Bangladesh, India, Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Terrestrial, low to mid elevation. Native.
8. Habenaria falcigera Rchb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 100; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 257. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Native.
9. Habenaria gibsonii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 135; Altamirano et al., Check List 18 (2022) 830. Distribution: Cambodia, India, Laos, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. PANAY. Native.
   • var. foetida Blatt. & McCann, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 36 (1932) 16; Altamirano et al., Check List 18 (2022) 830; Type: from India. Distribution: Cambodia, India, Laos, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. PANAY. Native.
10. Habenaria leibergii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 34; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258; Type: J.B. Leiberg 6112 (AMES, holo), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, near Lamao nurseries, 30m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Rizal. Notes: Montane regions. Native.
11. Habenaria lingulosa Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 33; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Near streams in montane areas, to 1400m. Native.
12. Habenaria malintana (Blanco) Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 112; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 171; ≡ Thelymitra malintana Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 642. Distribution: China, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Rizal, Tarlac, Zambales, MINDORO. Notes: A common species in Luzon, terrestrial in the forest, up to 1300m in Mountain Province. Native.
13. Habenaria muricata (Schauer) Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 5 (1857) 35; ≡ Dissorhynchium muricatum Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19 (Suppl. 1) (1843) 434; ≡ Habenaria hystrix Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 35, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 170. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, DUMARAN, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SIQUIJOR. Notes: A rather widely distributed species in the Philippines and fairly common in Luzon at c. 120-300m. Native.
14. Habenaria polytricha Rolfe, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 25 (1896) t. 2496; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: China, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. Native.
15. Habenaria rhodocheila Hance, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 5 (1866) 243. Distribution: Cambodia, China, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.
    • ssp. philippinensis (Ames) Christenson, Lindleyana 7 (1992) 90; ≡ Pecteilis rhodocheila ssp. philippinensis (Ames) Cootes, Orchids Austral. 32 (2020) 10, nom. inval.; ≡ Habenaria militaris var. philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 40; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial in damp soil, 60-1000m. Native.
16. Habenaria robinsonii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 5; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259; ≡ Pecteilis robinsonii (Ames) Cootes & M.A.Clem., Orchids Austral. 32 (2020) 10. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, PANAY (photos). Native.
17. Habenaria rosulata Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 5; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Quezon. Native.
18. Habenaria rumphii (Brongn.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 320; ≡ Platanthera rumphii Brongn. in Duperrey, Voy. Monde (1834) 194; Type: not from the Philippines. Native.
    • var. rumphii. Distribution: Indochina to Australia, Philippines. Native.
19. Habenaria stenopetala Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 319; Cootes, Philippine Native Orchid Species (2011) 171; Type: from India. = Habenaria delessertiana Kraenzl., Ann. Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 1 (1897) 108; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 257; Type: not from the Philippines. Distribution: Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, PANAY. Notes: Terrestrial, up to 1000m. Native.
20. Habenaria vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 15; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: In wet soil at 1300m. Native.
21. Habenaria warburgana Kraenzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1 (1898) 467; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Zambales. Notes: Up to 1300m in Mountain Province. Native.