Melastomataceae

Anerincleistus Korth.

1. Anerincleistus philippinensis Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 337; EPFP 3 (1923) 190; Type: Merrill 9412 (L, lecto; NY, SING, isolecto), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, May-1913; Merrill 7241 (= Phil. Pl. 408) (L, US, syn), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, in thin forests at 2-5m, on hillsides near the sea, 18-Sep-1910; Merrill 9552 (syn), Palawan: Mt Capoas, 21-Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Primary forests, sea-level to 800m. Native.

Astrocalyx Merr. (Endemic)

1. Astrocalyx calycina (S.Vidal) Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 203; EPFP 3 (1923) 211; ≡ Astronia calycina S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 136; ≡ Pharmacum calycinum (S.Vidal) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 954; Type: Vidal 780 ('781') (A, K, L, MA, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan. = Astrocalyx pleiosandra Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) 203; Type: Aguilar FB14349bis (K, US, iso), Luzon: Camarines, near Daet, forest near the Maniba River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, ?Misamis Occidental, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, often in damp areas, 550-1700m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Astronia Blume

1. Astronia acuminatissima Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 345; EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: Philip. Pl. 357 (Ramos), (PNH, holo, lost; US), Luzon: Rizal, San Isidro, Jun-1910. = Astronia parvifolia Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 351; EPFP 3 (1923) 209. = Astronia sorsogonensis Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) Bot. 26; EPFP 3 (1923) 210. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
   • var. acuminatissima. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO. Notes: Primary forest, often mossy, 400-1190m. Native.
   • var. palawanensis J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 105; Type: PNH 8 Edaño (SING, holo; L, PNH, iso), Palawan: Mt Mantalingahan, 935m, 7-May-1947. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Primary forest, c. 930m. Native.
   • var. subcaudata (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 105; ≡ Astronia subcaudata Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 349; EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: BS 9457 Robinson (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Mt Binuang, 800m, 29-Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON, MINDANAO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests (often with dipterocarps), 150-800m. Native.
2. Astronia alata J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 105; Type: BS 40598 Ramos & Edano (A, holo; L, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, Mar-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Mossy montane forest, 1800m. Native.
3. Astronia apoensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1206; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: Elmer 11427 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, US, Z, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, 1675m, Aug-1909. = Astronia mearnsii Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 340; EPFP 3 (1923) 208. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Mountain forest, often along streams, 1800-2065m. Native.
4. Astronia benguetensis J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 106; Type: Celestino 4381 (L, holo; A, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog, Bokod, 2000m. = Astronia mearnsii Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 340; Type: FB 4699 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 1800m, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO. Notes: Forest near creek, c. 2000m. Native.
5. Astronia candolleana Cogn. in DC., Monogr. Phan. 7 (1891) 1099; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: Cuming 850 (E, G, L, LE, MO), Luzon: Albay, 1837. = Astronia platyphylla Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 355; EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: BS 16545 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; BO, L, US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, 2-Oct-1912. = Astronia tetragona Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 341; EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: FB 25204 Alvarez (PNH, holo, lost), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Lanao-Cotabato Trail, in dipterocarp forest, c. 1000m, 21-Mar-1916. = Astronia zambalensis Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3202; Type: Elmer 22065 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, SING, Z, iso), Luzon: Pampanga, Zambales Mtns, Mt Pinatubo, 1220m, May-1927. = Astronia bulusanensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3653, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 17036 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, Z, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, 610m, Nov-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Lanao, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: In the Sierra Madre Range from Cagayan to Quezon. Primary forest, damp areas; lowland to 1350m. Native.
6. Astronia cumingiana S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp. (1885) 174; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: Cuming 999 (E, L, MO, PNH lost), Luzon: Albay; ?Vidal 343 (MA); Vidal 344 (MA, syn), Luzon: prope Manila; Vidal 1387 (MA, syn), Luzon: Lepanto. = Astronia foxworthyi Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3091; Type: Elmer 17964 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Maquiling, middle elevation, Jun/Jul-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BATANES, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, CEBU, CORREGIDOR, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
   • var. cumingiana. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Albay, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forest and secondary forest at low to medium elevation. Native.
   • var. bicolor (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 107; ≡ Astronia bicolor Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 350; EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: FB 10851 Curran (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Ugo, 2000m, 16-Dec-1908. = Astronia discolor Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 352; EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Loher 6270 (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Apr-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO. Notes: Primary forests, 300-2000m. Native.
7. Astronia dioica Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 343; EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: BS 15293 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost), Leyte: Mt Ibuni, near Dagami, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forest, up to 500m. Native.
8. Astronia ferruginea Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1205; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Elmer 11426 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, 1675m, Aug-1909. = Astronia ferruginea var. ampla Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 342; EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: BS 18900 Miranda (PNH, hololecto, lost; L, isolecto), Basilan: Comalarang River, Sep-1912. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BASILAN, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur. Notes: Primary forest; 500-2000m. Native.
9. Astronia gitingensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1202; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Elmer 12518 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes (Magdiwang), 1450m, May-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Ridge in primary forest, c. 1450-1600m. Native.
10. Astronia glauca Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 31; EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Elmer 6294 (PNH, holo, lost; SING, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, May-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: In the Cordillera Highlands. Primary forest and thickets; 700-1600m. Native.
11. Astronia katangladensis J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 109; Type: PNH 9936 Sulit (A, holo; L, PNH, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Kitanglad, 1800m, 27-Feb-1949. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Mossy forest, c.1800m. Native.
12. Astronia lagunensis Merr., PJS 1 Suppl. (1906) 213; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Merrill 5144 (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, 1100m, 17-Mar-1906. = Astronia loheri Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 341; EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: Loher 6294 (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Rizal, Angilog, Mar-1906. = Astronia consanguinea Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 338; EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: BS 29215 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta-Siniloan Trail, forest along small stream, 12-Jun-1917. = Astronia verruculosa Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 342; EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: Philip. Pl. 1569 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, NY, SING, iso), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog, mossy forest near summit, c. 1900m, 23-Nov-1913. = Astronia pacifica Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3654, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 16526 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, 915m, Jul-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
    • var. lagunensis. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary forests, often along streams, or in wet, mossy areas, 350-2700m. Native.
    • var. pachyphylla (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; ≡ Astronia pachyphylla Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 339; EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: BS 28558 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, forest near the summit, 1000m, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Montane forests, c. 1000m. Native.
    • var. pauciflora (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; ≡ Astronia pauciflora Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 434; EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: BS 28646 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, in forest, apparently c. 1000m, May-1917. = Astronia brachybotrys Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 434; EPFP 3 (1923) 207; Type: BS 33279 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; BO, L, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Mt Palimlim, 1000m, 21-Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon. Notes: Montane forests, often in mossy areas, c. 1000m. Native.
13. Astronia megalantha Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 347; EPFP 3 (1923) 208; Type: BS 15258 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, near summit of Mt Buraui, near Dagami, 13-Aug-1912. = Astronia negrosensis Merr., PJS 8 (1913) Bot. 348; EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: FB 4298 Everett (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Negros: Iruiogaan River, 150m, Jun-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, CAMIGUIN, CEBU, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
    • var. megalantha. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, 100-1300m. Native.
    • var. campanulata J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 110; Type: BS 38670 Ramos & Edaño (A, holo; US, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mahilucot River, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
14. Astronia meyeri Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 35 (1905) 51; EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: FB 2840 Meyer (PNH, holo, lost; BO, SING, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, 22-Nov-1904. = Astronia badia Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) Bot. 26; EPFP 3 (1923) 207. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Primary and mossy forests, 300-1150m. Native.
15. Astronia pulchra S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 136; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: Vidal 345 (A, L, MA, PNH lost, syn), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Iriga. = Astronia pulchra var. obovata Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 350; EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: BS 5013 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Zambales, Mt Tapulao, Nov-1907. = Astronia cuernosensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1204; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: Elmer 10234 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mtns, 1220m, Jun-1908. = Astronia bicolana Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3651. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Montane forests, often mossy, 550-2400m. Native.
16. Astronia quadrangulata J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 111; Type: Jacobs 7353 (SING, holo; A, L, MO, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog, mossy forest bordering open grassland, on sandy loamy soil, 2500-2700m, 6-Feb-1968. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Primary forest, mossy areas, 2250-2700m. Known only from the type collection. Native.
17. Astronia rolfei S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp. (1885) 174; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: Cuming 1723 (K, L, PNH lost, syn), Samar: 1837; Vidal 1392 (MA, syn), Luzon: Albay, Tognao-tognao. = Astronia rolfei var. furfuracea Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 345; EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: FB 17180 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Cagayan, Misiones River. = Astronia lucbanensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1201; Type: Elmer 7807 (PNH, hololecto, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Lucban, Mt Banahaw, 610m, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Mountain forest, c. 700m. Native.
18. Astronia scabrida J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 113; Type: BS 38555 Ramos & Edaño (A, holo; L, US, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Lipa, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
19. Astronia viridifolia Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1203; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Type: Elmer 12281 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, E, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes (Magdiwang), 305m, Apr-1910. = Astronia purpuriflora Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3656, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 16350 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, 305m, Jun-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary, often dipterocarp, forests, 100-800m. Native.
20. Astronia williamsii Merr. ex C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) 214; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Type: Williams 722 (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Mar-1904. = Astronia piperi Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 354; EPFP 3 (1923) 209; Type: Wenzel 222 (PNH, holo, lost; A, MO, US, Z, iso), Leyte: Dagami, 21-Jun-1913. = Astronia merrillii Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3091; Type: Elmer 18430 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BO, L, MO, US, Z, iso), Luzon: Laguna, summit Mt Makiling, Jul-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, BUCAS GRANDE, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR. Native.
    • var. williamsii. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, BUCAS GRANDE, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Montane forests, up to 1000m. Native.
    • var. ramosii (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 114; ≡ Astronia ramosii Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 343; EPFP 3 (1923) 210; Type: BS 10872 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost); BS 16524 Ramos (L, US, para), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Aug-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Native.

Beccarianthus Cogn.

1. Beccarianthus ickisii Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 358; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Type: Merrill 7342 (PNH, holo, lost; BO, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Butuan, 50m, 2-Oct-1910. = Beccarianthus ickisii var. setosus Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 278; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Wenzel 1015 (PNH, holo, lost; A, MO, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Buenavista near Jaro, 500m, 13-Jul-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Moist primary forests, 50-500m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Beccarianthus octodontus (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 155; ≡ Everettia octodonta Merr., PJS 13 (1918) Bot. 315; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: BS 30556 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Catanduanes: Sto Domingo River, low elevation, 3-Dec-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES. Notes: Lowland forest. Native.
3. Beccarianthus puberulus (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 155; ≡ Beccarianthus ickisii var. puberulus Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 343; EPFP 3 (1923) 211; Type: BS 29230 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta-Siniloan Trail, 12-Jun-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Damp primary forest on ridge at low elevation. Native.
4. Beccarianthus pulcherrimus (Merr.) J.F.Maxwell, Blumea 35 (1990) 155; ≡ Everettia pulcherrima Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 357; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: FB 4690 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, iso), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, 1400m, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, 300-1400m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Catanthera F.Muell.

1. Catanthera endertii (M.P.Nayar) M.P.Nayar, Gard. Bull. Singapore 24 (1969) 353; ≡ Hederella endertii M.P.Nayar, Kew Bull. 20 (1966) 240; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Trailing on rocks and trees. Known from the Philippines from Merrill 776 (US). Native.

Creochiton Blume

1. Creochiton bracteata (Quisumb. & Merr.) Veldkamp, Blumea 24 (1978) 438; ≡ Eisocreochiton bracteata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 177; Type: BS 45610 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; BM, BO, K, NY, SING, US, iso), Luzon: Quirino, Mt Alzapan, c. 1700m, climbing on trees on forested slopes, 24-May-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino. Notes: Montane forests. Only known from type. Native.
2. Creochiton diptera Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1192; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 190; Type: Elmer 9813 (PNH, holo, lost?; E, MO, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental, Dumaguete (Cuernos Mts). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests, ascending to 1200m. Local name: Buyon-Buyon. Native.
3. Creochiton rosea Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 32; EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Copeland 1297 (PNH, holo, lost?; K, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos by Pelser & Barcelona), Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests, 800-1200m. Local name: Isag. Native.

Diplectria (Blume) Rchb.

1. Diplectria divaricata (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1 (1891) 246; Kartonegoro et al., Taxon 70 (2021) 814; ≡ Dissochaeta divaricata (Willd.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 2 (1832) 783; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 66; ≡ Melastoma divaricatum Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 2 (1799) 596; Type: from India. = Diplectria furfurascens (Elmer) M.P.Nayar, Blumea 24 (1978) 413; ≡ Dissochaeta furfurascens Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2754; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Elmer 13352 (BO, lecto; BISH, BM, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NA, NY, P, PNH, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Jul-1912. = Anplectrum suluense Merr., PJS c 30 (1926) 417; Type: BS 44461 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto; L, NY, isolecto), Jolo, Sep-1924. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, JOLO, LUZON, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Thickets and forests, 600-900m. Native.
2. Diplectria stipularis (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1 (1891) 246; Kartonegoro et al., Taxon 70 (2021) 814; ≡ Dissochaeta stipularis (Blume) Backer ex Clausing in S.S.Renner et al., Fl. Thailand 7 (2001) 431; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 146; ≡ Melastoma stipulare Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind 17 (1826) 1073; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PALAWAN. Native.

Dissochaeta Blume

1. Dissochaeta acmura Stapf & M.L.Green, Kew Bull. (1913) 42; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Cuming 2838 (K, lecto), Luzon: Albay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BILIRAN, BUCAS GRANDE, CATANDUANES, CEBU, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Davao del Sur (photos), Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Sur, NEGROS (photos), POLILLO, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Lowland damp primary forests. Native.
2. Dissochaeta axillaris Cogn., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48 (1912) 108; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 37; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BASILAN, JOLO, MINDANAO, SANTA CRUZ ISLS. Native.
3. Dissochaeta biligulata Korth., Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt., Bot. (1844) 240; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 46; Type: from Sumatra. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Native.
4. Dissochaeta bracteata (Jack) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 495; Kartonegoro et al., PhytoKeys 107 (2018) 51; ≡ Melastoma bracteatum Jack, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 14 (1823) 9, as 'bracteata'; Type: from Malay Peninsula (neo). Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Malaysia, Moluccas, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PANAY. Native.
5. Dissochaeta celebica Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1849) 36; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: from Sulawesi. = Dissochaeta subviridis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1193; Type: Elmer 10577 (GH, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, CAS, E, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Scandent and overtopping small trees and thickets in moist woods at 3500ft, south of Calelan Mtns, May-1909. Native.
   • var. celebica. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Norte. Notes: Forests, c. 950m. Native.
6. Dissochaeta cumingii Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. iii, 15 (1851) 75, as ‘cummingii’; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Cuming 1344 (P, lecto; BM, K, L, isolecto), Luzon: Albay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay. Notes: According to Kartonegoro et al. (2018) known only from the type collection. Native.

Heterotis Benth. (Not native)

1. Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fél., Adansonia sér. 2, 20 (1981) 417; ≡ Dissotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 28 (1871) 58; ≡ Osbeckia rotundifolia Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 25. (1813) n. 204. Distribution: Africa. Notes: Naturalized in Philippines. Naturalized.

Lijndenia Zoll. & Moritzi

1. Lijndenia laurina Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. Zoll. (1846) 9. = Memecylon oligoneurum Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1851) 353; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 215. = Rhodamnia glabra S.Vidal, Revis. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 129; Scott, Kew Bull 33 (1979) 456; Type: Vidal 782 (A, FI, L, MA, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Guinayangan. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.

Medinilla Gaudich.

1. Medinilla amplifolia Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 37; EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 136; Type: Elmer 6112 (US, lecto; FR, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Sablan, Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Damp ravines or wet slopes of mossy forests at 800-1500m. Native.
2. Medinilla annulata C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 215; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 183; Type: BS 9002 Robinson (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Polillo: San Francisco, Aug-1909. = Medinilla brevipedunculata Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1216; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: Elmer 7584 (G, lecto; BO, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, Mt Banahao, May-1907. = Medinilla longipes Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 278; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: Wenzel 1131 (MO, lecto; A, F, isolecto), Leyte: Buenavista, Jaro, 12-Sep-1914. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, POLILLO. Notes: Primary forests, 0-500(-900)m. Native.
3. Medinilla antonii Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2756; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 155; Type: Elmer 13633 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Caraga, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, ridge between Duros and Cawilanan, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, c. 1000m. Native.
4. Medinilla apayaoensis Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 343; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 141; Type: BS 28142 Fenix (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BM, BO, CAL, K, L, NY, P, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Ngagan, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
5. Medinilla apoensis C.B.Rob., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 207; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 140; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2438; Type: Williams 2569 (US, lecto; NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, 30-Mar-1905. = Medinilla confluentinervia Merr., LPB 4 (1911) 1224; Type: Elmer 11469 (US, lecto; BISH, BO, E, F, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Occidental. Notes: Mossy forests, 1500-1800(-2300)m. Native.
6. Medinilla astronioides Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. 28 (1871) 88; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 150; Type: Cuming 758 (P, holo; BM, BR, G-DC, K, L, M, MO, NY, P, iso), Luzon: Tayabas, 1840. = Medinilla negrito Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3203; Type: Elmer 22374 (GH, lecto; A, B, BO, C, K, L, LE, MICH, MO, NY, UC, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pinatubo, Camp Stotsenburg, 1-May-1927. = Medinilla acuminata Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 238; EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: Merrill 5667 (US, lecto; G, isolecto), Mindoro: Mimaropa, Mt Halcon, 18-Nov-1906. = Medinilla versicolor Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1214; Type: Elmer 11824 (US, lecto; BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Todaya, Mt Apo, 15-Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Open areas or exposed forest slopes at 500-1500m. Native.
7. Medinilla aurantiiflora Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1208; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 153; Type: Elmer 9934 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, Apr-1908. = Medinilla confertiflora Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 296; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Type: BS 35413 Martelino & Edaño (US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Panay: Libacao, May-1919. = Medinilla cauliflora Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) 207, nom. illeg., non Hemsl.; Type: FB 17397 Curran (US, lecto), Negros: Mt Canlaon, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Primary forests along rivers and streams, 900-1000m. Native.
8. Medinilla banahaensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1225; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 134; Type: Elmer 11466a (US, lecto; BISH, BO, CAL, CAS, F, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, N, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Mossy forests, 1200-2000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
9. Medinilla benguetensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1207; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 167; Type: Elmer 8435 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, CAL, CAS, F, FI, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 1-Mar-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Sur, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: In Benguet reported on limestone. Native.
10. Medinilla binaria Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1211; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 135; Type: Elmer 9736 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, N, U, isolecto), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, Apr-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1800m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
11. Medinilla bolsteri Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 214; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: FB 3262 Ahern's collector (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Bosoboso, Aug-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Considered as a synonym of Medinilla astronioides by Regalado (1995), but possibly distinct (P. Quakenbush, 18-Sep-16). Native.
12. Medinilla brevipes Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 241; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 147; Type: BS 13179 Foxworthy & Ramos (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Quinatacutan River; BS 28833 Ramos & Edaño (US, neo), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MARINDUQUE, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Primary lowland forests, 0-500m. Native.
13. Medinilla calcicola Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 244; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 175; Type: Weber 1574 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; CAS, CM, E, F, GH, K, isolecto), Luzon: Cagayan Valley, Abulug River, 29-Jan-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Lowland forests on limestone. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
14. Medinilla calelanensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1209; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 129; Type: Elmer 11406 (holo PNH, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, F, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Mossy forests along streams, 1800-2300m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
15. Medinilla capitata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 295; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 174; Type: BS 35179 Ramos & Pascasio (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BO, K, L, UC, isolecto), Dinagat: May-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Notes: Lowland dipterocarp forest under shade, 0-100m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
16. Medinilla cephalophora Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 250; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 151; Type: Bolster 290 (UC, lecto), Mindanao: Surigao, Biga Creek. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Misamis, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, (200-)600-800m. Native.
17. Medinilla clementis Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 208; EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 145; Type: PNH 9892 Sulit (PNH, neo; A, L, isoneo), Mindanao: Mt Katanglad, S slope under Kaguiba, 19-Feb-1949. = Medinilla polisensis Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 349; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: BS 19870 MacGregor (US, lecto), Luzon, Cordillera, Mt Polis. = Medinilla cordatifolia Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1226; Type: Elmer 10890a (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, E, F, G, GH, HBG, L, MO, N, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, S of Baruring River, Jun-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Exposed ridges or slopes, along streams in mossy forests or on summits at 1000-2000(-2300)m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
18. Medinilla compressicaulis Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 238; EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 137; Type: Merrill 7687 (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon, Cordillera, c. 35 km N of Baguio, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Mossy forests, 1000-2200m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
19. Medinilla congesta Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 251; EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 185; Type: FB 9760 Merritt (US, lecto), Mindoro: Mt Sablayan, Feb - Apr-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests, 800-1700m. Native.
20. Medinilla copelandii Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 35 (1906) 52; EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2439; Type: Copeland s.n. (lost), Mindanao: Zamboanga, San Ramon; Copeland 6 (US, neo), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Oct-1904. = Medinilla pumilis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1217; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 203, as ‘pumila’; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Type: Elmer 10533 (PNH, holo, lost; E, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, F, HBG, L, MO, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, 15-May-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga. Native.
21. Medinilla cordata Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 37; EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 186; Type: Elmer 5805 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Cordillera, Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1904. = Medinilla macgregorii Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 346; EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Type: BS 19863 MacGregor (US, lecto; L, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, often common on summits of higher mountains in N Luzon at 2000-2500m. Native.
22. Medinilla coriacea Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 35; EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 166; Type: Whitford 228 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; F, K, L, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, May-1904. = Medinilla rotundifolia Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2757; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: Elmer 13738 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, L, MICH, MO, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. = Medinilla wenzelii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 281; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: Wenzel 941 (holo, PNH, lost; MO, lecto; A, BM, F, GH, NY, isolecto), Leyte: Buenavista, Jaro. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Quirino, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, NEGROS (photos). Notes: Humid primary forests, 500-750(-1000)m. Native.
23. Medinilla coronata Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 149; ≡ Carionia elegans Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot iii 15 (1851) 312; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 191; Type: Callery 18 (P, holo), Luzon, Cordillera, Mt Igorrotes. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Pampanga. Notes: Thickets & forests, 1000-1700m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
24. Medinilla crassata Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1208; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 163; Type: Elmer 9311 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; BO, E, F, HBG, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Banahao, Lucban, May-1907. = Medinilla gracilipes Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 236; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: Loher 6275 (PNH, holo, lost; M, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Angilog, Mar-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Mossy forests, 800-1200m. Native.
25. Medinilla cuernosensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1221; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 176; Type: Elmer 10227 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mtns, Jun-1908. = Medinilla oligantha Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 280; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Type: Wenzel 1145 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto; F, isolecto), Leyte: Leyte, Jaro, Masaganap, 27-Sep-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland dipterocarp forest under shade at 200m and in dense forests along streams at 1000-1500m. Native.
26. Medinilla cumingii Naudin, Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. III, 15 (1851) 292; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 127; Type: Cuming 836 (P, holo; BM, BR, E, K, L, iso), Luzon. = Medinilla peninsula Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3667, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 14963 (A, G, GH, L, MICH, MO, NY, PNH, S, U, UC, US); Elmer 16403 (A, G, GH, L, NY, PNH, S, U, UC, US). = Medinilla vanoverberghii Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 94; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Vanoverbergh 448 (holo PNH, lost; G, lecto; F, isolecto), Luzon: Bontoc, Bauco. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: In the Cordillera Highlands. In mossy forest, 700-1000m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
27. Medinilla curranii Merr., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 302; EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 160; Type: FB 12289 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Luzon: Bicol, Camarines Sur, Caramoan, Jun-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Quezon. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
28. Medinilla dallciana Fernando & Balete, PJS 142 (2013) 89; Type: Balete, Sarmiento, & Buenviaje 06-09 (CAHUP, holo; K, PNH, iso), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Lagonoy, Saddle Peak, 950m, 29-Feb-2008. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
29. Medinilla disparifolia C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 351; EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 181; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 233; Type: BS 9764 Robinson (K, lecto), Luzon, Mt Banajao, 5 to 7-Mar-1910. = Medinilla loheri Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 248; EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 234; Type: Loher 6280 (K, lecto), Luzon: Oriud, 8-May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon. Notes: Along streams and riverbanks in forests, 300-800m. See Kartonegoro (2023) for notes on the type specimens for Medinilla disparifolia and Medinilla loheri. Native.
30. Medinilla dolichophylla Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 214; EPFP 3 (1923) 196; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 143; Type: Merrill 4332 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Cordillera, Baguio, Oct-1905. = Medinilla subdolichophylla Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1220; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: Elmer 8635 (US, lecto; BISH, BO, E, F, G, HBG, L, MO, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Baguio, Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Notes: Cordillera and Sierra Madre Ranges. Over limestone outcrops in pine forests or in mossy forests between 1000-1800m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
31. Medinilla elegans Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1213; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 162; Type: Elmer 11311 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Primary forests, 1200-1300m. Native.
32. Medinilla erythrotricha Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1222; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 178; Type: Elmer 10537 (PNH, holo, lost; US lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, DS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NA, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, May-1911. = Medinilla attenuata Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1223; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Type: Elmer 11740 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BISH, BO, F, GH, HBG, L, MO, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Sep-1909. = Medinilla hirsuta Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) 246; Type: Merrill 8296 (US, lecto), Mindanao; Zamboanga, San Ramon, Sax River, 27-Nov-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Damp forests, 1400-1800m. Native.
33. Medinilla fenicis Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 344; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 186; Type: BS 28426 Fénix (US, lecto; A, BO, K, L, NY), Luzon: Cordillera, Mt Sulu, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Notes: Damp rocky slopes above 1000m. Native.
34. Medinilla ferruginea Merr., PJS 17 (1920) Bot. 297; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 180; Type: BS 35217 Ramos & Pascasio (US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Bucas Grande: forest at low elevation, May-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, DINAGAT, LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Sea-level to 300m. Native.
35. Medinilla furfuracea Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 245; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 162; Type: BS 15224 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US lecto; K, isolecto), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, 6-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland primary forests, 0-200m. Native.
36. Medinilla halconensis Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 287; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 175; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 863; Type: Merrill 5642 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; G, GH, K, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, Nov-1906. = Medinilla longidens Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 345; EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: BS 28422 Fenix (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, P, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Sulu, May-1917. = Medinilla microphylla Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 288; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Merrill 5599 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; G, K, NY, P, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Apayao, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: In forests, 800-1100m. Native.
37. Medinilla inaequifolia C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) 216; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 180; Type: BS 10264 Macgregor (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Polillo. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, POLILLO. Notes: Damp primary forests, 150-800m. Native.
38. Medinilla lagunae S.Vidal, Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 31, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 27; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 173; Type: Cuming 1333 (K, holo; BR, L, iso), Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay. Notes: Forests along streams, 700-1500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
39. Medinilla leytensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 279; EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 174; Type: Wenzel 1140 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto; GH, NY; isolecto), Leyte: Leyte, Jaro, Masaganap, 20-Sep-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, 100-500(-650)m. Native.
40. Medinilla magnifica Lindl. in Paxton, Fl. Gard. 1 (1850) 55; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 133; Type: Weitch s.n. (K, holo), Luzon. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. BATAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Lowland to montane cloud forests, 300-1400m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
41. Medinilla malabrigoi Z.D.Meneses, Adorador & Quakenbush, Phytotaxa 483 (2021) 98; Type: Adorador & Meneses 010 (PNH, holo; CAHUP, LBC, iso), Samar: Samar, Paranas, Brgy San Isidro, c. 300m, 13-Jul-2017. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Conservation status: Endangered (Adorador et al. 2021). Native.
42. Medinilla malindangensis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 250; EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 156; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2439; Type: FB 4557 Mearns & Hutchinson (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Malindang, May-1905. = Medinilla burebidensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1229; Type: Elmer 11839 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Sep-1909. = Medinilla permicrophylla Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1230; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Type: Elmer 11226 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, DS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao, Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Jul-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental. Notes: Primary forests, 1300-2000m. Native.
43. Medinilla mearnsii Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 230; EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 159; Type: FB 4656 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental. Notes: Primary forests, 900-1000m. Native.
44. Medinilla megacalyx Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 36; EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 159; Type: FB 1514 Ahern's Collector (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Jul/Aug-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Rizal. Notes: Mossy forests at mid-elevations. Native.
45. Medinilla membranacea Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 346; EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 156; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 241; Type: BS 28361 Fénix (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; A, BM, BO, NY, US, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Sulu. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao. Notes: Damp forests on rocky slopes, c. 800m. Only known from the type collection. Native.
46. Medinilla merrittii Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 286; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 166; Type: FB 4336 Merritt (US, lecto), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 15 to 27-Jun-1906. = Medinilla megacarpa Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 237; EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Type: BS 10977 Ramos (G, lecto), Luzon: San Antonio, Aug-1910. = Medinilla piperoides Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3668, nom. inval., no Latin descr. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Forests, 900-1600m. Native.
47. Medinilla microcephala Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 181; ≡ Cephalomedinilla anisophylla Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 205; EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: BS 8986 Foxworthy (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Dahican, Paete, 25-Jul-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, 500-1000m. Native.
48. Medinilla mindorensis Merr., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 302; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 145; Type: FB 11489 Merritt (US, lecto), Mindoro: Ibalo River, Apr/May-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Ifugao, Isabela, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Forested ridges and slopes of mossy forests or on summits at 600-1500m. Native.
49. Medinilla miniata Merr., PJS 9 c (1908) Bot. 382; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 130; Type: Wenzel 653 (holo PNH, lost; MO, lecto; A, CAS, F, GH, isolecto), Leyte, 12-May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur. Notes: Primary forest along streams, 350-500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
50. Medinilla multialata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 178; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 160; Type: BS 49447 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US lecto; BO, K, NY, UC, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Mayo, 16-May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Davao (Mt Apo), Davao Oriental (Mt Mayo). Damp forested slopes, c. 1000m. Native.
51. Medinilla multiflora Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 35; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 139; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 863; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2439; Type: Merrill 3915 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Arayat, Oct-1904. = Medinilla camiguinensis Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 233; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: BS 14639 (US, lecto), Camiguin: 29-Mar-1912. = Medinilla canlaonensis Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 239; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: PNH 21998 Edaño (A, neo), Negros: Mt Canlaon, Apr-1954. = Medinilla myriantha Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 215; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Merrill 5129 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Maquiling, 17-Mar-1906. = Medinilla negrosensis Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 240; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Type: Elmer 10049 (US, lecto; A, BO, CAS, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, May-1908. = Medinilla confusa Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 242; Type: Merrill 3965 (US, neo; K, L, NY, isoneo), Luzon: Mt Mariveles, Mar-1905. = Medinilla vulcanica Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 352; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Ramos 1164 (US, lecto; JE, U, isolecto), Camiguin: Apr-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Damp slopes, in mossy forests, or on summits of volcanic mountains at 800-1000m. Native.
52. Medinilla multinervia Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 247; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 163; Type: BS 15386 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BM, G, K, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, Mt Ibuni, 23-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Damp forests along stream at mid-elevations. Native.
53. Medinilla myrtiformis (Naudin) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. 28 (1871) 86; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 167; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 864; ≡ Anplectrum myrtiforme Naudin, Ann. Sc. Nat. 3, 15 (1850) 305; Type: Cuming 753 (P, holo; BR, E, G-DC, K, L, MW, NY, NY, P, iso), Luzon: Tayabas, 1841. = Medinilla bulusanensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3661, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 17386 (A, GH, MICH, MO, NY, US). = Medinilla cardiophylla Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 206; EPFP 3 (1923) 194; Type: Clemens s.n. (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley. = Medinilla monantha Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 152; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Clemens 1136 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BO, isolecto), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Common in mossy forests at mid-elevation and on summits of most or all higher mountains between 600-1800m. Native.
54. Medinilla oblanceolata Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 431; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 183; Type: BS 30703 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Panay: Antique, Mt Madiaas, Apr-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Primary forests, low to medium elevation. Native.
55. Medinilla obovata Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 108; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 155; Type: FB 17353 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Negros: Negros Occidental, Mt Marapara, 11-Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests, 100-500(-750)m. Native.
56. Medinilla ovalis Merr., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 303; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 147; Type: PNH 3652 Sulit (PNH, neo; A, L, isoneo), Luzon: Mt Bulusan, Jul-1947. = Medinilla epiphytica Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 242; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: BS 15002 Ramos (K, lecto; G, isolecto), Luzon: San Antonio, Dahican River, Jun-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Sorsogon, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests at 400-600(-1000)m. Native.
57. Medinilla pachygona C.B.Rob., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 208; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 165; Type: Williams 952 (US, lecto; GH, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 19-Sep-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon. Notes: Reportedly on limestone in forests at 1000-1700m. Native.
58. Medinilla palawanensis Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 170; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 864; Type: Ridsdale SMHI 233 (L, holo; A, BO, K, iso), Palawan: Mt Beaufort, 29-Mar-1984. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Epiphytic on forests over ultramafics, 150-1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
59. Medinilla panayensis Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 347; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 143; Type: BS 18253 Robinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Panay: Iloilo, Ulian River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Lowland primary forests, c. 250m. Native.
60. Medinilla parvibractea Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 348; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 134; Type: BS 4151 Fénix (NY, lecto), Babuyan Isls: Camiguin Isl, Mt Camiguin, Jun/Jul-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, BATAN, BATANES, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: Forest ridges and mountain peaks, c. 1000m. Native.
61. Medinilla peltata Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 348; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 164; Type: BS 18953 MacGregor (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, isolecto), Biliran: Mt Suiro, Jun-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Surigao del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: Humid forests along streams, 200-750m. Native.
62. Medinilla pendula Merr., Publ. Govt. Lab. Philipp. 29 (1905) 34; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 126; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 865; Type: Elmer 6037 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BO, K, NY, PNH, isolecto), Luzon: Cordillera, Baguio, Mar-1904. = Medinilla elmeri Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 36; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Type: Elmer 5848 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1904. = Medinilla gitingensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1218; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: Elmer 12417 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-Giting, 15-May-1910. = Medinilla merrillii Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1219; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 199; Type: Elmer 11249 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BO, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, Jul-1909. = Medinilla subsessilis Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 94; EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: Vanoverbergh 792 (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; G, P, isolecto), Luzon: Bontoc, Malamey, Nov-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Pampanga, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: In mossy forests; along creeks and streams, damp ravines and overhanging damp banks, also epiphytic, (450-)1000-2000m. Common in the Cordillera Highlands of N Luzon. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
63. Medinilla pinnatinervia Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 235; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 152; Type: BS 7483 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan Valley, Pamplona, Mar-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Native.
64. Medinilla polillensis C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 217; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 152; Type: BS 10260 MacGregor (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Polillo, Oct-1909. = Medinilla bakeri Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3660, nom. inval., no Latin descr. = Medinilla nodiflora C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 217; EPFP 3 (1923) 201; Type: BS 12005 Ramos (G, lectol K, isolecto), Luzon: San Antonio, Papatahan, Aug-1910. = Medinilla sorsogonensis Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) Bot. 25; EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: BS 23556 Ramos (US, lecto; A, K, isolecto), Luzon: Bicol, Mt Pocdal, Jul-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Damp and shaded forests at 300-500m. Native.
65. Medinilla purpurea Elmer ex Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 298; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 151; Type: BS 23701 Ramos (US, lecto; A, BISH, K, L, NY), Luzon: Bicol, Mt Kilibong, Jul-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Damp forest streams, 400-700m. Native.
66. Medinilla pycnantha Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 179; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 173; Type: BS 45580 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BM, BO, K, NY, P, UC, isolecto), Luzon: Quirino, Mt Alzapan, 24-May-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino. Notes: Mossy forests, c.1600m. Native.
67. Medinilla quadrifolia (Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 509; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 157; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 866; ≡ Melastoma quadrifolium Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1826) 1069; Type: from Java. = Medinilla affinis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 281; EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: Wenzel 1003 (A, lecto; F, isolecto), Leyte: Jaro, 18-Jul-1914. = Medinilla bagobo Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1212; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Type: Elmer 11617 (US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, F, HBG, K, L, MO, NY), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Sep-1909. = Medinilla duodecandra Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 229; EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: Weber 1010 (US, lecto; A, CAS, CM, E, F, GH, MIN, UC), Mindanao: Caraga, Butuan, Mt Hilong-hilong, 15-Mar-1911. = Medinilla mirandae Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 231; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: FB 18922 Miranda (BM, lecto), Basilan Island, Mt Calvario, Sep-1912. = Medinilla mindanaensis Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 34; EPFP 3 (1923) 200; Type: Copeland 439 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mar-1904. = Medinilla pachyphylla Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3665, nom. inval., no Latin descr. = Medinilla subumbellata Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 232; EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Type: Merrill 5660 (US, lecto; G, isolecto), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 10-Nov-1906. = Medinilla trianae Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 352; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Ramos 1131 (US, lecto; FR, JE, U, isolecto), Luzon: Dahican River, Sep-1912. = Medinilla verticillata Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 34; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Elmer 6080 (US, lecto; K, NY, PNH, isolecto), Luzon: Sablan, Apr-1904. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BASILAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, 300-500m. Native.
68. Medinilla radiciflora Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 180; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 126; Type: BS 49544 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; NY, UC, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, Mt Mayo, 16-May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental. Notes: Damp forested streams, c. 750m. Native.
69. Medinilla ramiflora Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 35; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 169; Type: Whitford 148 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; F, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, May-1904. = Medinilla weberi Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 235; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Type: Weber 1009 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, CAS, CM, F, GH, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Hilong-hilong, 28-Mar-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Exposed ridges of mossy forests, 1000-2500m. Native.
70. Medinilla robinsonii Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1228; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 165; Type: Elmer 9826 (L, lecto; BISH, BO, E, F, HBG, MO, NY), Negros: Dumaguete, Cuernos Mts, 15-Apr-1908. = Medinilla rolfei Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 230; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: Whitford 1500 (K, lecto), Negros; Mt Silay, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, 1300-2000m. Native.
71. Medinilla rubicunda (Jack) Blume, Flora 14 (1823) 512; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 250; ≡ Melastoma rubicundum Jack, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 14 (1823) 18; Type: from Singapore. = Medinilla crassifolia (Reinw. ex Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 511; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 164; ≡ Melastoma crassifolium Reinw. ex Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 17 (1826) 1075; Type: from Java. = Medinilla hasseltii Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 513; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 197; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BASILAN, PANAY. Native.
72. Medinilla sessilifolia Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 234; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 170; Type: BS 16145 Reillo (PNH, holo, lost; BM, lecto), Basilan: Cumalarang, 22-Aug-1912. = Medinilla myrmecorhiza Regalado, Blumea 35 (1990) 44; Type: from Brunei. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BASILAN. Notes: Known only from a single collection. Lowland dipterocarp forest, 150-400m. Native.
73. Medinilla setigera (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (1855) 550; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 179; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 866; Type: from Sumatra. = Medinilla cogniauxii Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 249; EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Type: Cuming 1487 (K, holo; C, E, G-DC, L, iso), Luzon: Batangas. = Medinilla cogniauxii Merr. var. angustifolia Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 250; EPFP 3 (1923) 195; Type: FB 4567 Mearns & Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; BO, K, NY, isolecto), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, May-1906. = Medinilla curtiflora Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3662, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 14368 (A, GH, L, MO, NY, S, U, UC, US); Elmer 15179 (A, GH, L, MO, NY, S, U, UC, US); Elmer 15643 (A, GH, L, MO, NA, NY, S, U, UC, US), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan. = Medinilla involucrata Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 35 (1906) 51; EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: McGregor 328 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Baco River, Apr-1905. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sumatra. BASILAN, BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Batangas, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests, 150-1000m. Native.
74. Medinilla simplicymosa Malabrigo, A.G.Umali & A.B.Tobias, Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 867; Type: Malabrigo 516 (LBC, holo; CAHUP, EBL, PNH, iso), Palawan: Rizal, Brgy Ransang, Mt Mantalingahan Protected Landscape, 26-Jul-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
75. Medinilla stenobotrys Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) 350; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 130; Type: BS 28355 Fénix (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Apayao, Mt Sulu, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Isabela, Kalinga, Quezon. Notes: Forests along streams, (40-)600-800m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
76. Medinilla sulcata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 181; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 160; Type: BS 46549 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, K, NY, UC, isolecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Peñablanca, Apr-1926. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Camarines Sur (photos). Notes: Forested stream at low elevation. Native.
77. Medinilla surigaoensis Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 153; ≡ Medinilla wenzelii Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 182, nom. illeg., non Merr.; Type: Wenzel 3021 (UC, holo; A, BO, BR, CAS, K, MO, NY, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, Placer, 15-Jul-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, POLILLO. Notes: Lowland forests, 0-150m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
78. Medinilla tayabensis Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) 351; EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 141; Type: BS 28605 Ramos & Edaño (US, lecto; BM, K, P, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Binuang, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Quezon. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 700m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
79. Medinilla tenuipes Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) 353; EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 185; Type: BS 15228 Ramos (K, lecto; G, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, Mt Ibuni, 23-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 800m. Native.
80. Medinilla ternifolia Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. 28 (1871) 88; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 176; Type: Jager s.n. (B, holo, lost), Luzon; Merrill Philipp. Pl. 418 (US, neo), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Sep-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Primary forests at medium elevation. Native.
81. Medinilla teysmannii Miq., Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1864) 217; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 204; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 135; Quakenbush et al., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 868; Type: from Sulawesi. = Medinilla albiflora Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 385; EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: Wenzel 262 (MO, lecto; BM, F, L, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, 22-Jun-1913. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON, MINDANAO, NEGROS, ?PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Riverine forests and along slopes and ridges in mossy forests, 700-1200(-1800)m. Native.
82. Medinilla theresae Fernando, PhytoKeys 113 (2018) 146; Type: Fernando 3831 (PNH, holo; LBC, PUH, iso), Dinagat: Loreto, Mt Redondo, 840m, dwarf forest on ultramafic soil, 29-Sep-2015. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Conservation status: Endangered B1+2ab(ii,iii,v) (Fernando et al. 2018). Native.
83. Medinilla ultramaficola Quakenbush, Y.P.Ang & R.Bustam., Syst. Bot. 45 (2020) 868; Type: Camangeg & Bustamante 1 (PNH, holo; FEUH, PPC, iso), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Beaufort, 16-Aug-2019. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
84. Medinilla umbellata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 299; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 161; Type: BS 34744 Ramos & Pascasio (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, isolecto), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, lowland streamside forest, Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Low elevation forests along stream. Known from two collections. Native.
85. Medinilla umbrina Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1215; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 161; Type: Elmer 11496 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, E, F, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, U, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Forested ravines, 1800-2000m. Known from two collections. Native.
86. Medinilla venosa (Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 518; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 171; ≡ Hypenanthe venosum (Blume) Blume, Mus. Bot. 1 (1849) 21; ≡ Melastoma venosum Blume, Bijdr. (1826) 1075; Type: from the Moluccas (Ternate). = Medinilla luzonensis Hook.f. ex Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. 28 (1871) 88; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Type: Lobb s.n. (K, holo), Luzon. = Medinilla philippensis (Cham. & Schltdl.) Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 248; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; ≡ Axanthes philippensis Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 4 (1829) 193; Type: Chamisso s.n. (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Cavite Prov; BS 1341 Mangubat (US, neo; K, isoneo), Luzon: Cavite, Mendez Nuñez, Aug-1906. = Medinilla williamsii C.B.Rob., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 208; EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: Williams 2412 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; GH, K, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 20-Feb-1905. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. ALABAT, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Batangas, Cavite, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Forest slopes and ridges, 350-1000m. L.L.Co: The US sheet (US 707951, barcode 00120639) of Medinilla williamsii C.B.Rob. is actually the one labeled as lectotype by Regalado. Native.
87. Medinilla vexillifera C.W.Lin & Rubite, Taiwania 65 (2020) 149, as 'vexillifer'; Type: Lin 676 (PNH, holo; SING, TAIF, iso), Luzon: cultivated from unknown origin, 25-Nov-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija (photos). Native.
88. Medinilla whitfordii Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 37; EPFP 3 (1923) 205; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 149; Type: Whitford 961 (US, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Banahao, 19-Sep-1904. = Medinilla pulogensis Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 368; EPFP 3 (1923) 203; Type: BS 18105 Merritt & Zschokke (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pulog, Jan-1910. = Carionia triplinervia Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21 (1884) 310; Type: Vidal 779 (K, holo; FI, L, MA, iso), Luzon: Albay, Mt Mayon, Apr-1887. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests in high mountains. Native.

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Medinilla sieboldtiana Planch., Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 5 (1849) t. 482. Notes: Only in cultivation? Cultivated, not naturalized.

Incertae sedis

1. Medinilla bicolor Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) 152; EPFP 3 (1923) 193; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Type: Clemens 514 (syn), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Apr-1906; Clemens 885 (syn), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jan-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Notes: Types or other collections could not be found by Regalado (1995) and Kartonegoro (2023). Native.
2. Medinilla lateralis Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 232; EPFP 3 (1923) 198; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Kartonegoro, Rheedea 32 (2023) 238; Type: Merrill 8292 (lost). Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, 28-Nov-1911; BS 39109 Ramos & Edaño (US, neo), Mindanao: Tangculan and vicinity, Jun/Jul-1020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Zamboanga. Notes: Not traced by Regalado. Native.
3. Medinilla parva Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 243; EPFP 3 (1923) 202; Regalado, Blumea 40 (1995) 187; Type: Robinson 9398 (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Mt Binuang, 28-Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Native.

Melastoma L.

1. Melastoma bensonii Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 367; EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: FB 18103 Curran (K, P). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, PANAY. Notes: Montane forests, 2000-2400m. Native.
2. Melastoma culionense Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 353; EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Tahil, Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 118; Type: BS 21647 Escritor (L, lecto; NY, PNH, US, isolecto), Culion: Halsey Harbor, 25-Aug-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BICAWAYAN, CULION, PALAWAN. Notes: Near Melastoma sanguineum var. laevifolium (Merr.) Karst.Mey.? (Meyer 2001). Native.
3. Melastoma cyanoides Sm., Cycl. 23 (1819) n. 56-57; Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 359. = Otanthera manillana (DC.) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 28 (1871) 56; EPFP 3 (1923) 185; ≡ Osbeckia manillana DC., Prodr. 3 (1828) 142; Type: Perrottet s.n. (P), Manila, Albay, 1819. = Otanthera crinita Naudin, Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot., ser. 3, 13 (1849) 354; EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: Cuming 928 (BM, K), Luzon: Albay. = Otanthera macgregorii Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 356; EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 391; Type: BS 14408 McGregor (PNH?), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya, Imugan. = Otanthera strigosa Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 433; EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: BS 33079 Ramos (L, P), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Bangui to Claveria, Aug-1918. = Melastoma moluccanum Blume, Bijdr. 17 (1826) 1078. = Otanthera parviflora Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 355; EPFP 3 (1923) 185; Type: Merrill 8082 (K), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, Mtns back of San Ramon, 28-Nov-1911. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Damp shaded ravines and on ridges, 800-1100m. Native.
4. Melastoma imbricatum Wall. ex Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 28 (1871) 60; C.B.Clarke, Fl. Br. India 2 (1879) 524. Distribution: India, Malay Peninsula. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
5. Melastoma lawrenceliaoi Tahil, Harvard Papers in Botany 27 (2022) 118; Type: Tahil 397 (PNH, holo; CEBU, FEUH, iso), Tawi-Tawi: Panglima Sugala, Brgy Balimbing, Mt Gaha, 600m, 24-Oct-2020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Tahil (pers. comm. 3-Jul-22): The coordinates listed for the type in the protologue are incorrect. No coordinates were recorded when the type was collected. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (Tahil 2022). Native.
6. Melastoma malabathricum L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 390; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 186. = Melastoma polyanthum Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 481; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 188. ≠ Melastoma candidum auct. non D.Don; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 186. Distribution: BABUYAN ISLS, BALABAC, BASILAN, BATAN, BATAN DE ALBAY, BILIRAN, BOHOL, BUCAS GRANDE, BUSUANGA, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, CEBU, CULION, GUIMARAS, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
   • ssp. malabathricum. = Melastoma hombronianum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 13 (1850) 278; Type: Hombron s.n. (P), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Sur, Sanboangon Point. = Melastoma heterostegium Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 13 (1850) 286; Type: Callery s.n. (P), Luzon: Albay, Pangasinan. = Melastoma homostegium Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 13 (1850) 286; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Type: Cuming 927 (BM, E, K, P), Luzon: Rizal, Manila, 1841. = Melastoma fasciculare Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 13 (1850) 288; Type: Gaudichaud 294 (P), Luzon: Rizal, Manila, 1836. = Melastoma baumeanum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 13 (1850) 289; Type: Baume s.n. (K, P), Luzon: Rizal, Great lake at Manila, Aug-1832. = Melastoma fuscum Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 17 (1904) 39; Type: Barnes FB 340 (BM, K), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, Feb-1904. = Melastoma parvifolium Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 32; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Type: Elmer 5836 (P), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Mar-1904. = Melastoma lanaense Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 153; EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Type: Clemens 836, Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley, Nov-1906. = Melastoma membranaceum Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 423; EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Type: BS 3798 Fenix (K), Batanes: Cagayan, Jun-1907. = Melastoma warrineri C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) 352; Type: Robinson FB 9370 (K), Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Aug-1909. = Medinilla congesta Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) 251; Type: Elmer 12402 (BM, E, K, L), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, May-1910. = Melastoma holmani Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3089; EPFP 3 (1923) 186; Type: Elmer 18479, Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Jun/Jul-1917. = Melastoma pinatubense Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3204; Type: Elmer 22233 (BM, C, K, L, P, SING), Luzon: Pampanga, Mt Pinatubo, May-1917. Distribution: Australia, China, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, S & SE Asia, Taiwan. BABUYAN ISLS, BASILAN, BILIRAN, BUSUANGA, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Throughout the Philippines in most or all islands and provinces. Naturalized.
7. Melastoma malabituin J.Agcaoili, Barcelona & Pelser, Phytotaxa 435 (2020) 26; Type: Wilkie, Argent, Mendum, Pennington, Reynoso, & Gaerlan 29023 (E, holo; L, iso), duplicates of this collection (i.e., isotypes) were also circulated as Argent, Gaerlan, Reynoso PPI No. 20023 (BRIT, K, L, PNH), Luzon: Isabela, San Mariano, Brgy San Jose, 7-Mar-1997. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Agcaoili et al. 2020). Native.
8. Melastoma normale D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 220; EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Wong, Gard. Bull. Sing. 67 (2015) 391; ≡ Melastoma malabathricum var. normale (D.Don) R.C.Srivast., Novon 8 (1998) 203; ≡ Melastoma malabathricum ssp. normale (D.Don) Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 368. Distribution: China, India, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. CULION. Native.
9. Melastoma pellegrinianum (H.Boissieu) Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 374; ≡ Dissotis pellegriniana H.Boissieu, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59 (1912) 330; Type: from Vietnam. Distribution: Laos, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. CULION. Native.
10. Melastoma penicillatum Naudin, Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot., ser. 3, 13 (1850) 280; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Neo et al., Phytotaxa 436 (2020) 199; Type: Cuming 1747 (BM, K, P), Leyte: 1841. = Melastoma crinitum Naudin, Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot., ser. 3, 13 (1850) 280, nom. illeg., non Vahl; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 187; Type: Cuming 853 (BM, E, K, P), Luzon: Albay. = Melastoma setosum Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2758; Type: Elmer 14168 (C, E, K, L, MO, P), Mindanao: Agusan, Cadabaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Primary forests at low and medium elevation. Native.
11. Melastoma sanguineum Sims, Bot. Mag. 48 (1821) t. 2241. Distribution: China, Malay Peninsula. ALABAT, LUZON: Rizal. Native.
    • var. sanguineum. Distribution: China, Malay Peninsula. Naturalized.
12. Melastoma toppingii Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 17 (1904) 32; EPFP 3 (1923) 188; Karst.Mey., Blumea 46 (2001) 387; Type: Le Roy Topping 17, Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Jan-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Rizal. Native.

Incertae sedis

1. Melastoma subalbidum Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 354; EPFP 3 (1923) 188; Type: BS 19835 McGregor (K, P, PNH), Luzon: Ifugao, Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Notes: Possibly near Melastoma moluccanum Blume with its short appressed hypanthium scales and the loose inflorescence (Meyer 2001). Native.

Memecylon L.

1. Memecylon affine Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 52; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Merrill 3190 (NY, syn), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Oct-1903. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO, PANAY. Native.
   • var. affine. Distribution: LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Rizal, Zambales, PANAY. Notes: Primary forests on slopes and ridges, 200-1000m. Native.
   • var. lancifolium Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 218; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Merrill 3148. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Habitat of the species, from which it differs only in leaf shape. Native.
2. Memecylon apoense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1199; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: Elmer 11697 (NY 2 sheets, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur, Mt Apo, Todaya, deep woods at 4000ft, Sep-1909. = Memecylon urdanetense Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2764; Type: Elmer 14113 (MO, NA, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, densely wooded steep incline at 3500ft, between the peaks of Duros and Cawilanan, in very damp humus and well-drained soil, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests, 1000-1200m. Native.
3. Memecylon azurinii Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 183; Type: FB 29372 Azurin (UC, holo), Luzon: Isabela, Bagao, forests, c. 100m, Mar-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: In forests, also along forested streams, 100-900m. Native.
4. Memecylon basilanense Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 217; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: FB 16146 Reillo (NY, US, iso), Basilan, Aug/Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
5. Memecylon brachybotrys Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 216; EPFP 3 (1923) 212; Type: FB 3070 Ahern’s Collector (US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, May/Jun-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
6. Memecylon caeruleum Jack, Mal. Misc. 1 (1820) 26; J.F.Maxwell in Ng, Tree Fl. Mal. 4 (1989) 188. Distribution: Indochina, Malesia, Thailand. LUZON: Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Near seashores. Native.
7. Memecylon calderense A.Gray, Bot. Wilkes US Explor. Exped. (1854) 574; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 213; Type: US Exploring Exped. s.n. (US), Mindanao: Zamboanga, near Caldera, 1838-1842. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, NEGROS. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
8. Memecylon cordifolium Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 221; EPFP 3 (1923) 213. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. JOLO, MINDANAO: Agusan, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Forested ridges at low elevation. Native.
9. Memecylon cumingii Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. iii, 18 (1852) 273, as ‘cummingii’; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 213. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: In primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
10. Memecylon densiflorum Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 248; EPFP 3 (1923) 213. = Memecylon palawanense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1197; Type: Elmer 13235 (NY, US, iso), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (Thumb Peak), among rocks in wooded river banks at 1000ft, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Misamis, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO. Notes: In primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
11. Memecylon elliptifolium Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 314; EPFP 3 (1923) 213; Type: FB 27060 P Magistrado (US, iso), Luzon: Camarines Norte, Paracale, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, NEGROS. Notes: Primary lowland forests. Native.
12. Memecylon elongatum Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 219; EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
13. Memecylon gitingense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1195; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 214; Type: Elmer 12189 (MO, US, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Apr-1910. = Memecylon agusanense Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2760; Type: Elmer 14181 (NY, syn), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, along Catangan Creek, dense woods along a deep cliff, 3500ft; Elmer 13562 (MO, NA, NY, US, syn), same general locality, Duros Peak, dense woods along a steep slope, 3500ft, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, South Cotabato (photos), Zamboanga, MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests, ascending to c.1100m. Native.
14. Memecylon gracilipes C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 353; EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
15. Memecylon lanceolatum Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 301; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 214. = Memecylon cumingianum C.Presl, Epim. (1851) 209; S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 137; Type: Cuming 917 (NY, iso), Luzon, Albay. = Memecylon pyrifolium C.Presl, Epim. (1851) 210; S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 138; Type: Cuming 1816, Bohol. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales (photos), MINDANAO: Davao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Common in thickets and second-growth lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
16. Memecylon littorale Merr., PJS 35 (1928) 6. = Memecylon revolutum Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 226, nom. illeg., non Thwaites; EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte. Notes: In thickets along the seashore. Native.
17. Memecylon loheri Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 220; EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, PALAWAN. Notes: In primary forests at medium elevation, ascending to 1000m. Native.
18. Memecylon myrtilli Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1851) 357; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 214. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BANCALAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, SIBUYAN. Notes: Thickets or lowland forests. Native.
19. Memecylon obscurinerve Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 357; EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Type: BS 26401 Ramos & Edaño (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Nueva Ecija, Mt Umingan (Mingan), forested slopes, c. 400m, 20-Aug-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija. Notes: Forested slopes, c. 400m. Native.
20. Memecylon obtusifolium Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 225; EPFP 3 (1923) 215. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pangasinan. Notes: Dry forested ridges, 200m. Native.
21. Memecylon odoratum Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1196; Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 213; EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Type: Elmer 13140 (MO, NY, US), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, between forks of Iwahig River, along a woodland stream, 500ft, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Thickets and forests along streams, c. 150m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
22. Memecylon oligophlebium Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 357; EPFP 3 (1923) 215; Type: FB 26476 Malonga, Mindanao: Surigao del Sur, Carrascal, dry slopes, 50m, 13-Dec-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. Notes: Dry slopes at low elevation. Native.
23. Memecylon ovatum Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 23 (1816) No. 3; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 215; PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 215; ≡ Memecylon edule Roxb. var. ovatum (Sm.) C.B.Clarke in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1879) 564. = Memecylon prasinum Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 18 (1852) 275. = Memecylon parviflorum Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 300; Type: not extant; ‘illustrative specimen’: Merrill Sp. Blancoanae No. 581 (US), Palawan: Palawan, Taytay, thickets and forests along seashore, 28-May-1913. ≠ Memecylon umbellatum auct. non Burm.f.; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 352. ≠ Memecylon tinctorium auct. non J.Koenig ex Willd.; Blanco, Fl. Filip ed. 2 (1845) 298. Distribution: India to Malay Peninsula, Philippines. BATANES, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Batangas, Bulacan, Pangasinan, Rizal, MINDANAO, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. Common in thickets at low elevation, especially along or near the seashore, but also extending inland. Native.
24. Memecylon pachyphyllum Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 358; EPFP 3 (1923) 216; Type: BS 26475 Ramos & Edaño (US, iso), Luzon: Nueva Ecija, Mt Umingan (Mingan), 250-350m, Aug-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Quezon. Notes: Forests, 250-850m. Native.
25. Memecylon pallidum Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 223; EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
26. Memecylon paniculatum Jack, Malay Miscel. 27 (1822) 62; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 216. = Memecylon gigantifolium Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2762. = Memecylon phanerophlebium Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 219; EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Java, Philippines, Sumatra. BALABAC, BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SIARGAO. Notes: Primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Common. Native.
27. Memecylon pteropus Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 224; EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
28. Memecylon ramosii Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 432; EPFP 3 (1923) 216. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: Previously known only from the type collection from Ilocos Norte, recently recorded from Isabela (N Sierra Madre Natural Park, Palanan Forest Dynamics Plot). Primary lowland forests. Native.
29. Memecylon sessilifolium Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 209; EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: FB 18734 Darling (US, iso), Luzon: Camarines. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Norte, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
30. Memecylon sorsogonense Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1200; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Sorsogon. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
31. Memecylon stenophyllum Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 432; EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bulacan. Notes: Dry forested slopes at low elevation. Native.
32. Memecylon subcaudatum Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 222; EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
33. Memecylon subfurfuraceum Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 213; EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: Merrill 3788 (US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, 1-Jan-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BURIAS, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Cotabato, MINDORO. Native.
    • var. subfurfuraceum. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Cagayan, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Rizal. Notes: Common in primary lowland forests. Native.
    • var. depauperatum Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 214; EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: FB-1992 Ahern’s Collector (US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Boso-boso, Nov/Dec-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Primary lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
34. Memecylon symplociforme Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 359; EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: BS 26598 Ramos & Edaño (L, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Aurora, E coast, vicinity of Mt Dingalan, on slopes, c. 195m, 27-Aug-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Sorsogon. Notes: Forested slopes. Native.
35. Memecylon tayabense Merr., PJS 12 c (1917) Bot. 359; EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: FB 24932 Bawan (US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Atimonan, forested ridges, c. 200m, 12-Dec-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Forested ridges, c. 200m. Native.
36. Memecylon tenuipes Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 211; EPFP 3 (1923) 217; Type: BS 13835 Ramos, Luzon: Cagayan, Abulug River, in forests along the river, Jan-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Rizal. Notes: Along streams in lowland forests. Native.
37. Memecylon terminaliiflorum Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1198; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 217. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Primary forests, c. 225m. Mark Hughes, pers. com. (March 2013): most likely a synonym of Memecylon paniculatum. Native.
38. Memecylon venosum Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 154; EPFP 3 (1923) 218. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, Zamboanga. Notes: Primary forests, ascending to 900m. Native.

Miconia Ruiz & Pav. (Not native)

1. Miconia crenata (Vahl) Michelang., Mabberley's Pl.-Book (2017) 1102; ≡ Melastoma crenatum Vahl, Eclog. Amer. 1 (1797) 41; Type: from Brazil. = Clidemia hirta D.Don, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. iv. (1823) 309; Type: from Jamaica. Distribution: MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: Naturalized in secondary forest. Naturalized.

Ochthocharis Blume

1. Ochthocharis javanica Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 523; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 189. Distribution: MINDORO, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
   • var. javanica. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Java Sea, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDORO. Notes: Mangrove swamps. Native.
   • var. longipetiolata Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 425; EPFP 3 (1923) 189; Type: Merrill 6226 (NY, US, syn), Mindoro: Subaan, in mangrove, Dec-1906; FB 5488 Merritt (syn), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Baco River, in mangrove, Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Mangrove swamps. Native.

Osbeckia L.

1. Osbeckia chinensis L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 490; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 189. = Osbeckia perrottetii DC. ex Naudin, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 14 (1850) 71. ≠ Osbeckia multiflora auct. non Sm.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 293. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, BUSUANGA, CULION, GUIMARAS, HERMANA MAYOR, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Pampanga, Rizal, Sorsogon, Tarlac, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: In Luzon from Cagayan to Sorsogon. Native.

Otanthera Blume

Incertae sedis

1. Otanthera luzoniensis (Quisumb. & Merr.) C.Hansen, Ginkgoana 4 (1977) 122; ≡ Osbeckia luzoniensis Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 184; Type: BS 45719 Ramos (K), Luzon: Aurora, Mt Alzapan. “The only collection of this species is without stamens, therefore it cannot be decided if this plant belongs to Osbeckia or Otanthera (= Melastoma). With its stellate hypanthium emergences and the strigose leaves it is similar to Melastoma beccarianum Cogn., but the sparse branch indumenta and the type locality suggest a new species” (Meyer 2001). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. Native.

Pachycentria Blume

1. Pachycentria constricta (Blume) Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 520; Clausing, Blumea 45 (2000) 351; ≡ Melastoma constrictum Blume, Bijdr. (1826) 1072. = Pachycentria formicaria Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 215; EPFP 3 (1923) 206; Type: Clemens 433 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, Camp Keithley. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: ?Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga. Notes: In Mindanao reportedly an epiphyte, 700m. Native.
2. Pachycentria pulverulenta (Jack) Clausing, Blumea 45 (2000) 362; ≡ Melastoma pulverulentum Jack, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 14(1) (1823) 19. = Pogonanthera reflexa Reinw. ex Blume, Flora 14 (1831) 521; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 192; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, DINAGAT, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, OLUTANGA, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Various types of primary and secondary forests, mangroves, to 600m, usually epiphytic. Native.

Pleroma D.Don (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Pleroma urvilleanum (DC.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang., Taxon 68 (2019) 991; ≡ Tibouchina urvilleana (DC.) Cogn., Fl. Bras. 14 (1885) 358; ≡ Lasiandra urvilleana DC., Prodr. 3 (1828) 130. Distribution: S America. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Sarcopyramis Wall.

1. Sarcopyramis napalensis Wall., Tent. Fl. Nep. 32 (1824) t. 23; Hansen, Bot. Tiddskr. 73 (1979) 180; Type: from Nepal. = Sarcopyramis delicata C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 72; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 189; Huang & Huang, Taiwania 33 (1988) 130; Taiwania 36 (1991) 134; Type: Williams 1276 (GH, K, NY, US, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Santo Tomas, 1-Jul-1904; Williams 1305 (NY, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Santo Tomas, 12-Oct-1904; Elmer 8806 (K, NY, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Santo Tomas, Mar-1907. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, MINDORO. Native.

Sonerila Roxb.

1. Sonerila mapelo Naive, Taiwania 68 (2023) 318; Type: Naive 134 (PNH, holo; HNUL, HITBC, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga City, La Paz, Pasonanca Natural Park, Tabu Tabu BMS, 20-Oct-2022. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Conservation status: Vulnerable (Naive & Quakenbush 2023). Native.
2. Sonerila tenera Royle, Illustr. Himal. Pl. (1839) 215; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 190. Distribution: China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Native.
3. Sonerila woodii Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 286; EPFP 3 (1923) 190; Naive & Quakenbush, Taiwania 68 (2023) 318; Type: Merrill 5794 (K, lecto; NY, LY, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mt. Halcon, Nov-1906. = Sonerila lilacina Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2765; Type: Elmer 14135 (MO, lecto; BM, BRIT, CAS, E, GH, K, L, MICH, NY, PH, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.