Lindsaeaceae

Lindsaea Dryand. ex Sm.

1. Lindsaea adiantoides J.Sm., J. Bot. (Hooker) 3 (1841) 415; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 229; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 158. = Lindsaea tropidorachis Alderw., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 3rd Sér. 5 (1922) 211; Type: Cuming 176 (K, holo; MO, P, iso), Luzon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Camarines Norte (photos), MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, SAMAR. Native.
2. Lindsaea apoensis Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 182; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 240; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 665. = Lindsaea havicei Copel., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 149. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: 1200-2100m. Native.
3. Lindsaea bonii Christ, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1 (1910) 187. = Lindsaea orbiculata var. commixta (Tagawa) K.U.Kramer, Fl. Males., 2nd Ser. 1 (1971) 207; ≡ Lindsaea commixta Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6 (1937) 37. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, ?Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Notes: 0-500(-1000)m. Native.
4. Lindsaea bouillodii Christ, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1 (1909) 59; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 204. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: PALAWAN: Co 1793 (A, PNH, PUH), Mt Mantalingahan. 300-1400m. Native.
5. Lindsaea capillacea Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier, 1st Sér. 6 (1898) 144; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 243. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Aurora, Batangas, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: 600-2200m. Native.
6. Lindsaea cultrata (Willd.) Sw., Syn. Fil. (Swartz) (1806) 119; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 222; Cano-Mangaoang et al., Thailand Nat. Hist. Mus. J. 20 (2026) 95; ≡ Adiantum cultratum Willd., Phytographia (1794) 14. ≠ Lindsaea decomposita auct. non Willd.; Copel. (1960), pro parte. Distribution: Borneo, ?India, Japan, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand. BALABAC, MINDANAO: ?Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-1300m. Native.
7. Lindsaea divergens Wall. ex Hook. & Grev., Icon. Filic. 2 (1832) t.226; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 233; ≡ Isoloma divergens (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) J.Sm., J. Bot. (Hooker) 3 (1841) 414. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand. PALAWAN. Notes: 0-800m. Native.
8. Lindsaea doryphora K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 566; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 227. ≠ Lindsaea parasitica auct. non Wall.; Copel. (1960). Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Surigao del Sur (photos), NEGROS. Notes: 0-1300m. Native.
9. Lindsaea ensifolia Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800 (1801) 77; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 211; De Villa & Lagat, PJS 153 (2024) 1823. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Arch, Cambodia, China, India, Indian Ocean, Japan, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Norte, Cavite, Rizal, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos), ROMBLON. Notes: 0-1200(-1750)m. Native.
   • var. ensifolia. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Arch, Cambodia, China, India, Indian Ocean, Japan, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Norte, Rizal, PALAWAN, ROMBLON. Notes: 0-1000(-1750)m. Native.
10. Lindsaea fissa Copel., PJS 38 (1929) 143; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 243; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 158; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 665. ≠ Lindsaea hymenophylloides auct. non Blume; Copel. (1960). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan (photos), Ifugao, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: 860-1400m to 1600m (photos). Native.
11. Lindsaea gueriniana (Gaudich.) Desv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6 (1827) 312; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 230; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 11; ≡ Isoloma guerinianum (Gaudich.) Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 108; ≡ Schizoloma guerinianum Gaudich., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), 1st Sér. 3 (1824) 508. = Isoloma fuligineum (Copel.) Copel., PJS 78 (1950) 24; ≡ Schizoloma fuligineum Copel., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 254; Type: Bolster 276 (P, MICH, UC, US), Mindanao: Surigao, 24-Mar-1908. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. DANAON, DINAGAT, HOMONHON, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Isabela, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao Oriental, Surigao, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-750m. Native.
12. Lindsaea hamiguitanensis Karger & Amoroso, Phytotaxa 56 (2012) 18; Type: Karger 444 (holo PNH, UC, Z, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, NEGROS (photos). Notes: 1100-1200m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
13. Lindsaea heterophylla Dryand., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 1st Ser. 3 (1797) 41; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 210. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indian Ocean, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Isabela, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: 0-1100m. Native.
14. Lindsaea javanensis Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 219; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 208. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Ifugao, MINDORO, NEGROS, SIBUYAN. Notes: (80-)800-1400m. Native.
15. Lindsaea lobata Poir., Encycl. (Lamarck) Suppl. 3 (1813) 448; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 219. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, ?Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Vietnam. BATAN, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: (50-)600-1500(-1800)m. Native.
16. Lindsaea longifolia Copel., PJS 38 (1929) 145; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 219. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
17. Lindsaea lucida Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 216; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 233; De Villa & Lagat, PJS 153 (2024) 1823. = Lindsaea concinna J.Sm. ex Hook., Sp. Fil. 1 (1846) 205. = Lindsaea securifolia C.Presl ex Goldm., Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1) (1843) 464. = Lindsaea gracilis Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 217. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, Borneo, ?Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, ?Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: (0-)400-1600m. Native.
18. Lindsaea merrillii Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 181; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 241. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, BATAN, BATANES, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Norte, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: 0-1200m. Native.
19. Lindsaea oblanceolata Alderw., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 2nd Sér. 23 (1916) 15; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 236; Cano-Mangaoang et al., Thailand Nat. Hist. Mus. J. 20 (2026) 95. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: (?-)800-1800m. Native.
20. Lindsaea obtusa J.Sm. ex Hook., Sp. Fil. 1 (1846) 224; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 218. ≠ Lindsaea decomposita auct. non Willd.; Copel. (1960), excl. syn. ≠ Lindsaea davallioides auct. non Blume; Copel. (1960). Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan. BATAN, CAMIGUIN, CEBU, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: 0-1500(-2000)m. Native.
21. Lindsaea orbiculata (Lam.) Mett. ex Kuhn, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 279; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 206; ≡ Adiantum orbiculatum Lam., Encycl. (Lamarck) 1 (1783) 41. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Japan, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan (photos), Camarines, Ilocos, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Vizcaya (photos), Rizal, Zambales, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-500(-1000)m. Native.
22. Lindsaea ovata J.Sm., Sp. Fil. 1 (1846) 204; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 231; ≡ Isoloma ovatum (J.Sm.) C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 461. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra. LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Notes: 0-1000m. Native.
23. Lindsaea pectinata Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 217; ≡ Lindsaea repens var. pectinata (Blume) Mett. ex Kuhn, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 277; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 239. = Lindsaea roxasii Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 6. = Lindsaea angusta Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 5. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, ?Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. APO, BALABAC, BASILAN, BILIRAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: (0-)600-1500m. Native.
24. Lindsaea pellaeiformis Christ, Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 11 (1897) 430; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 232. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: 0-300m. Native.
25. Lindsaea philippinensis K.U.Kramer, Fl. Males., 2nd Ser. 1 (1971) 232. = Isoloma angustum (Copel.) Tardieu, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14 (1952) 332; ≡ Schizoloma angustum Copel., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 252. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT (photos), LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Isabela, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao Oriental (photos), PALAWAN, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: 800m to 1025m (photos). Native.
26. Lindsaea pulchella (J.Sm. ex Fielding & Gardner) Mett. ex Kuhn, Linnaea 36 (1869) 81; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 249; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22046; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 665; ≡ Odontoloma pulchellum J.Sm. ex Fielding & Gardner, Sert. Pl. (1844) t.51; Type: Cuming 217. Distribution: BASILAN (photos), DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Sarangani, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: 600-2750m. Native.
    • var. pulchella. = Lindsaea adiantifolia (Hook.) Copel., Fern Fl. Philipp. 1 (1958) 108. ≠ Lindsaea adiantoides auct. non J.Sm.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 1 (1960) 108, pro parte. Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Sarangani, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: 600-2200m. Native.
    • var. blanda (Mett. ex Kuhn) K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 571; ≡ Lindsaea blanda Mett. ex Kuhn, Linnaea 36 (1869) 80. = Lindsaea cyathicola Copel., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 149. Distribution: Australia, Java, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: ?Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: 1500-2750m. Native.
27. Lindsaea ramosii Copel., PJS 38 (1929) 144; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 219. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Very doubtfully distinct from Lindsaea longifolia Copel. Native.
28. Lindsaea rigida J.Sm. ex Hook., Sp. Fil. 1 (1846) 217; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 245; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 158; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 22. = Lindsaea monosora Copel., LPB 2 (1908) 398. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: 1000-2000m. Native.
29. Lindsaea sessilis Copel., PJS 6c (1911) 82; ≡ Lindsaea repens var. sessilis (Copel.) K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 568; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 239. = Lindsaea cultripinna Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 81. Distribution: Australia, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BATAN, CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Albay, Batangas, Camarines Norte (photos), Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos), POLILLO. Notes: 0-1800m. Native.
30. Lindsaea tenuifolia Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 219; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 216. = Lindsaea polyctena K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 565. = Lindsaea triquetra Mett., Farnkr. Erde (1897) 294. Distribution: Java, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Surigao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: 0-1000m. Native.
31. Lindsaea tetragona K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1967) 564; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 214. Distribution: LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao, MINDORO. Notes: 300-600m. Native.
    • var. tetragona. ≠ Lindsaea tenuifolia auct. non Blume; Copel. (1960), excl. syn. Distribution: Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. MINDANAO. Notes: 600m. Native.

Incertae sedis

1. Lindsaea decrescens Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 6. Distribution: LUZON: Aurora. Notes: The isotype in MICH from Copeland’s herbarium is rather scrappy. I doubt whether it represents a distinct species. Kramer (1971): As stated by Copeland, this is intermediate between L. repens (L. macraena, L. longa) and L. fissa. Native.

Possibly present

1. Lindsaea pacifica K.U.Kramer, Blumea 18 (1970) 173; Amoroso et al., Guide to Lycophytes and Ferns of Balinsasayao, Negros, the Philippines (2016) 128. Distribution: Pacific Ocean, ?Philippines, Solomon Isls. NEGROS. Notes: J.F. Barcelona (17-Sep-23): Reported for the Philippines by Amoroso et al. (2016), but no specimens cited. These might have been deposited in CMUH.

Odontosoria (Pr.) Fée

1. Odontosoria biflora (Kaulf.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr) (1905) 207; ≡ Sphenomeris biflora (Kaulf.) Tagawa, J. Jap. Bot. 33 (1958) 203; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 182; ≡ Davallia biflora Kaulf., Enum. Filic. (1824) 221. ≠ Sphenomeris chusana auct. non (L.) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 1 (1960) 115, pro parte. Distribution: China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. BATAN, BATANES, LUZON: Batangas, NCR, Quezon. Notes: 0-1300m. Native.
2. Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J.Sm., Bot. Voy. Herald (Seemann) 10 (1857) 430; Bada et al., J. Tropical Biol. & Conservation 20 (2023) 115; ≡ Sphenomeris chinensis (L.) Maxon, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 3 (1913) 144; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 182; ≡ Trichomanes chinense L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 1099. Distribution: CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: (100-)800-1500(-2400)m. Native.
   • ssp. chinensis. = Odontosoria chusana (L.) Masam., Mem. Fac. Sci. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 11 (1934) 67; ≡ Sphenomeris chusana (L.) Copel., Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 59 (1929) 69; ≡ Adiantum chusanum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 1096. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Benguet, Cavite, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Terrestrial or epilithic in exposed sites. (100-)800-1500(-2400)m. Native.
3. Odontosoria krameri Fraser-Jenk., Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes (2008) 152. = Sphenomeris chinensis var. divaricata (Christ) K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1967) 572; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 183; Banaticla & Buot, Pl. Ecol. 180 (2005) 140; ≡ Odontosoria chinensis var. divaricata Christ, J. Bot. (Morot), 2nd Sér. 2 (1909) 23. Distribution: Borneo, ?Cambodia, Indian Ocean, Java, Laos, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: (100-)700-2400m. Native.
4. Odontosoria retusa (Cav.) J.Sm., Bot. Voy. Herald (Seemann) 10 (1857) 430; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22046; ≡ Sphenomeris retusa (Cav.) Maxon, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 3 (1913) 144; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 180; ≡ Davallia retusa Cav., Descr. Pl. (Cavanilles) (1801) 278. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BASILAN, BATAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), South Cotabato, Surigao, Surigao del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SABTANG, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-2000m. Native.

Osmolindsaea (K.U.Kramer) Lehtonen & Christenh.

1. Osmolindsaea minor (Hook.) Lehtonen & Christenh., Syst. Bot. 38 (2014) 896; ≡ Lindsaea cultrata var. minor Hook., Sp. Fil. 1 (1846) 204. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, NEGROS. Notes: 300m. Native.
2. Osmolindsaea odorata (Roxb.) Lehtonen & Christenh., Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 163 (2010) 335; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22046; ≡ Lindsaea odorata Roxb., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4 (1844) 511; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 228. = Lindsaea loheriana Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier, 1st Sér. 6 (1898) 44. ≠ Lindsaea cultrata auct. non (Willd.) Sw.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. (1960) 107, pro parte. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, ?Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, ?Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. BALABAC, BATAN, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, ?Surigao del Sur (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: 0-2000m. Native.
3. Osmolindsaea plumula (Ridl.) Lehtonen & Tuomisto, Syst. Bot. 38 (2014) 898; ≡ Lindsaea plumula Ridl., J. Malayan Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 4 (1926) 22. = Lindsaea cultrata var. varia Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 181. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, NEGROS. Native.

Tapeinidium (C.Presl) C.Chr.

1. Tapeinidium acuminatum K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 554; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 194. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Isabela, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
2. Tapeinidium biserratum (Blume) Alderw., Malayan Ferns Fern Allies (1917) 509; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 194; ≡ Davallia biserrata Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 232. Distribution: Borneo, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Taiwan. LUZON: Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Sarangani, PANAY. Notes: Probably a natural hybrid. According to Kramer (1971): “The type of this ‘species’ is intermediate between T. luzonicum and T. pinnatum; there are 25-30 intermediates… Their status is not clear. They occur throughout the common range of the two species”. Native.
3. Tapeinidium calomelanos K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 551; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 190. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, ?Sulawesi, ?Sumatra. LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Laguna, Quezon. Notes: 140m. Native.
4. Tapeinidium gracile (Blume) Alderw., Malayan Ferns (1909) 315; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 190; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22046; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 665; ≡ Davallia gracilis Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 233. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Vietnam. CAMIGUIN, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: 500-1300m. Native.
5. Tapeinidium luzonicum (Hook.) K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 552; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 191; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 158; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 665. = Tapeinidium philippinense (Harr.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr), Suppl. Tert. (1934) 176; ≡ Davallia philippinensis Harr., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16 (1877) 27. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Sarangani, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO. Notes: (100-)600-1500(-2200)m. Native.
   • var. luzonicum. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Bataan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Sarangani, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO. Notes: (100-)600-1500(-2200)m. Native.
   • var. leptophyllum K.U.Kramer, Blumea 15 (1968) 553. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
6. Tapeinidium pinnatum (Cav.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr) (1905) 213; Kramer, Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1 (1971) 193; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22046; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 665; ≡ Davallia pinnata Cav., Descr. Pl. (Cavanilles) (1801) 277. Distribution: Borneo, ?India, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand. BASILAN, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CEBU, DINAGAT (photos), LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, South Cotabato, Surigao, Surigao del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: (50-)500-1000(-2700)m. Native.