Gnetaceae

Gnetum L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 4 November 2017

Gnetum arboreum Foxw., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 174; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 7; Markgraf, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 343. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Zambales. Native.
Gnetum gnemon L., Mant. 1 (1867) 125; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 7; Markgraf, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 340. Distribution: CAGAYAN DE SULU, CEBU, GUIMARAS, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MALAPACKUN, MANGSEE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Misamis Occidental, South Cotabato, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PONEAS, SAMAR, SIARGAO, SIBUYAN, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
- var. gnemon. Distribution: CAGAYAN DE SULU, LUZON: Batangas, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Fiji and Solomon Isls to Malesia, from Sumba and Sulawesi through the Philippines to New Guinea, the Malay Peninsula, and possibly elsewhere, often planted and frequently naturalized in secondary forests, even in W Malesia. Native.
Gnetum gnemonoides Brongn. in Duperry, Voy. Bot. (1829) 12; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 7; Markgraf, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 3, 10 (1930) 480; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 344. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java Sea, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, LUZON: Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
Gnetum latifolium Blume, Tijd. Nat. Geschied. & Phys. 1 (1834) 160; Markgraf, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 3, 10 (1930) 458; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 342. = Gnetum indicum (Lour.) Merr., Interp. Herb. Amboin. (1917) 77; EPFP 1 (1922) 7, pro parte. Distribution: BUSUANGA, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MALAPACKUN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
- var. latifolium. Distribution: LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.
  - forma latifolium. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. Native.
- var. longipes (Markgr.) T.H.Nguyên, Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 28 (1996) 142. Native.
  - forma longipes Markgr., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 3, 10 (1930) 459; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 342. Distribution: Indochina, New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON. Native.
- var. laxifrutescens (Elmer) Markgr., Bot. Jahrb. 60 (1925) 148; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 3, 10 (1930) 463; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 342; ≡ Gnetum laxifrutescens Elmer, LPB 4 (1912) 1478. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Surigao del Norte, SIBUYAN. Native.
- var. minus (Foxw.) Markgr., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 3, 10 (1930) 463; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 343; ≡ Gnetum minus Foxw., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 176; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 8. Distribution: Borneo, Indochina, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte. Native.

References

📋 DENR Administrative Order. 2017. Updated national list of threatened Philippine plants and their categories. DAO 2017-11
📋 Earle, CJ. 1997 onwards. The gymnosperm database
Farjon, A. 2010. A handbook of the world’s conifers. Leiden: Brill.
📋 Markgraf, F. 1951. Gnetaceae. Flora Malesiana series 1, 4: 336-347
📋 Markgraf, F. 1971. Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Gnetum in Malesien. Blumea 19: 108
📋 Markgraf, F. 1972. Gnetaceae. Flora Malesiana series 1, 6: 944-949
Quinn, C. J. & Price, R. A. 2003. Phylogeny of the Southern Hemisphere Conifers. Proc. Fourth International Conifer Conference: pp. 129-136.