Gesneriaceae

Aeschynanthus Jack

1. Aeschynanthus arctocalyx Mendum & Madulid, Edinburgh J. Bot. 52 (1995) 343. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
2. Aeschynanthus asclepioides (Elmer) B.L.Burtt & P.Woods, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33 (1975) 480; ≡ Trichosporum asclepioides Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 952; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 449; Type: Elmer 10492. = Aeschynanthus stenocalyx Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 166. = Trichosporum dolichosepalum Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 449, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Damp primary forests, low elevation to 1200m. Native.
3. Aeschynanthus batakiorum Mendum & Madulid, Edinburgh J. Bot. 56 (1999) 269. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
4. Aeschynanthus brachysepalus (Merr.) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 97; ≡ Trichosporum brachysepalum Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 81; EPFP 3 (1923) 449; Type: BS 16163 Reillo (US, lecto; K, PNH lost, isolecto), Basilan: Cumalarang, 25-Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO. Native.
5. Aeschynanthus breviflorus (S.Moore) K.Schum., Just. Bot. Jahresb. 271 (1901) 534; ≡ Trichosporum breviflorum S.Moore, J. Bot. 37 (1899) 173; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 449. = Trichosporum mindorense Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) 83. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, 1000-1500m. Native.
6. Aeschynanthus cardinalis (Copel. ex Merr.) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum cardinale Copel. ex Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 17 (1904) 46; EPFP 3 (1923) 450. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Davao, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Lanao, Surigao. Notes: Primary forests at medium elevation, ascending to 1400m. Native.
7. Aeschynanthus copelandii (Merr.) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum copelandii Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 227; EPFP 3 (1923) 450. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Boulders and tree trunks in low elevation primary forests. Native.
8. Aeschynanthus crassifolius (Elmer) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum crassifolium Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 343; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 450. = Trichosporum foxworthyi (Kraenzl.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 84; ≡ Aeschynanthus foxworthyi Kraenzl., PJS Bot. 8 (1913) 163. = Aeschynanthus glomeriflorus Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 312, as 'glomeriflora'. = Aeschynanthus polillensis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 314. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Cagayan, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO (photos), NEGROS, POLILLO. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
9. Aeschynanthus cuernosensis (Elmer) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum cuernosense Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 566; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 450; Type: Elmer 9522. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Ravines, c. 800m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
10. Aeschynanthus curvicalyx Mendum, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 435; Type: Mendum, Argent, Cronk, Middleton, Wilkie, Fuentes & Chavez 25434 (PNH, holo; E, iso), grown from seeds cultivated at Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, accession no. 19981826, Palawan: on path from Camp 3 towards Cleopatra’s Needle, just above bamboo thicket, epiphyte closely appressed to tree trunk, 1500m, 22-Jan-1998. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
11. Aeschynanthus elmeri Mendum, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 439; Naive, Phytotaxa 606 (2023) 166; Type: Elmer 14154 (E, lecto; L, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. ≠ Trichosporum grandiflorum auct. non D.Don; Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2667; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 451. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Exposed peaks, c. 1500m. Conservation status: Endangered (Naive 2023). Native.
12. Aeschynanthus everettianus Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 311; ≡ Trichosporum everettianum (Kraenzl.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 450; Type: FB 5585 Everett. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU (photos), NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Forests along streams at low elevation. Native.
13. Aeschynanthus firmus Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 311; ≡ Trichosporum firmum (Kraenzl.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 450; Type: M.S. Clemens s.n., Mindanao: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Notes: Forests at or above 500m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
14. Aeschynanthus irigaensis (Merr.) B.L.Burtt & P.Woods, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33 (1975) 486; ≡ Trichosporum irigaense Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 84; EPFP 3 (1923) 451. = Trichosporum bulusanense Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 451, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Misamis Oriental. Notes: Forested ridges and peaks, 1000m or higher. Native.
15. Aeschynanthus leucothamnos Kraenzl., LPB 8 c (1913) Bot. 165; ≡ Trichosporum leucothamnos (Kraenzl.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 451. = Trichosporum clementis Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 567, nom. inval., no Latin descr. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Misamis, SAMAR. Notes: Low to medium elevation primary forests. Native.
16. Aeschynanthus littoralis (Merr.) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum littorale Merr., LPB 1 (1906) Suppl. 226; EPFP 3 (1923) 451; Type: Copeland 647. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: On trees overhanging the seashore. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
17. Aeschynanthus loheri Kraenzl., LPB 8 c (1913) Bot. 165; ≡ Trichosporum loheri (Kraenzl.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 341; EPFP 3 (1923) 451. = ?Trichosporum bakeri Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 340; EPFP 3 (1923) 449; Type: Baker 3714, Luzon: Laguna, Paete, 28-Dec-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bulacan, Camarines, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, SAMAR. Notes: Epiphyte in primary forests at medium elevation. Native.
18. Aeschynanthus macgregorii (Merr.) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 97; ≡ Trichosporum macgregorii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 81; EPFP 3 (1923) 451; BS 20075 McGregor (PNH, lost), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya, near Imugan, Jan-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija (photos), Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Probably from forests at or above 800m. Native.
19. Aeschynanthus madulidii Mendum, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 436; Type: Mendum, Argent, Cronk, Middleton, Wilkie, Fuentes & Chavez 25512 (PNH, holo; E, iso), specimen cultivated at Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, accession no. 19980282, Palawan: Thumb Peak, on path from base camp to peak, 850m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
20. Aeschynanthus malindangensis (Merr.) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 97; ≡ Trichosporum malindangense Merr., PJS 10 (1915) 83; EPFP 3 (1923) 451; Type: FB 4660 Mearns & Hutchinson (K, lecto; PNH lost, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Misamis Occidental, Mt Malindang, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental. Notes: Primary forests, c. 900m. Native.
21. Aeschynanthus mindanaensis (Merr.) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 98; ≡ Trichosporum mindanaense Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 440; EPFP 3 (1923) 451; Type: BS 38869 Ramos & Edaño (US, lecto; K, PNH lost, isolecto), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Candoon, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Mossy forest, 1100-1800m. Native.
22. Aeschynanthus miniaceus B.L.Burtt & P.Woods, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33 (1975) 486; ≡ Trichosporum miniatum Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2668, nom. illeg., non (Lindl.) Kuntze; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 451; Type: Elmer 13529. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur. Notes: Forested ridges, c. 900m. According to Merrill (1923) very closely related to Aeschynanthus crassifolius. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
23. Aeschynanthus nervosus (Elmer) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum nervosum Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 344; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 452. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Quezon. Notes: Damp shaded ravines and in the mossy forest, 1400-2400m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
24. Aeschynanthus ovatus (Merr.) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum ovatum Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 226; EPFP 3 (1923) 452; Type: Clemens 316. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Notes: Forests, c. 600m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
25. Aeschynanthus panayensis (Merr.) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 98; ≡ Trichosporum panayense Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 316; EPFP 3 (1923) 452; Type: BS 35720 Martelino & Edaño (K, lecto; P, PNH lost, isolecto), Panay: Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Forests along streams, ascending to 600m. Native.
26. Aeschynanthus pergracilis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 313; ≡ Trichosporum pergracile (Kraenzl.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 452; Type: Merrill 7047. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests, c. 1200m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
27. Aeschynanthus philippinensis (Kuntze) C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 39; Akhil & Nampy, Rheedea 40 (2020) 476; ≡ Trichosporum philippinense Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. (1791) 478; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 452; Type: H. Cuming 813 (K, lecto), Luzon: 1841. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay (photos), Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Mossy forests, 1000-2200m. Erroneously reported from the Himalayas (Jayson Mansibang, pers. comm., 14-Mar-20). Native.
28. Aeschynanthus rejieae Olimpos & Mansibang, Phytotaxa 487 (2021) 84; Type: Olimpos 88 (PNH, holo; CAHUP, CEBU, iso), Tawi-tawi: Panglima Sugala, Brgy Magsagaw, Busay, Upper Malum Watershed, c. 165m, 3-Feb-2020. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. TAWI-TAWI. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Olimpos & Mansibang 2021). Native.
29. Aeschynanthus rizalensis (Merr.) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 98; ≡ Trichosporum rizalense Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 82; EPFP 3 (1923) 452; Type: BS 13775 Ramos (PNH lost), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Canumay, Oct-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Mossy forests at or above 1000m. Native.
30. Aeschynanthus truncatus (Elmer) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 58 (1923) 264; ≡ Trichosporum truncatum Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 567; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 452; Type: Elmer 9426. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Forested ravines, c. 800m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
31. Aeschynanthus urdanetensis (Elmer) Mansibang & Pelser, Blumea 66 (2021) 98; ≡ Trichosporum urdanetense Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2670; Type: Elmer 14115 (BM, lecto; BISH, E, G, L, NY, P, S, US, W, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Oct-1912. = Trichosporum sorsogonense Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3810, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur (photos), Misamis Oriental (photos). Notes: Primary forests, c. 1200m. Native.
32. Aeschynanthus zamboangensis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 313; ≡ Trichosporum zamboangense (Kraenzl.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 452. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Forests, c. 200m. According to Merrill (1923), closely allied to Aeschynanthus crassifolius. Native.

Agalmyla Blume

1. Agalmyla biflora (Elmer) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 53; ≡ Dichrotrichum biflorum Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1785; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 453; Type: Elmer 13210 (lost?), Palawan: Puerto Princesa (Mt Pulgar), 3750ft, May-1911; Mendum et al. 25435 (E, neo), Palawan, near summit Cleopatra’s Needle, 1550m, 10°07’N, 118°58’E, 22-Jan-1998. = Dichrotrichum pauciflorum Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 80; Type: Merrill 9497 (US, iso), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, Mt Capoas, c. 950m, 21-Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Agalmyla bilirana Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 122; Type: PNH 21614 Sulit (L, holo), Biliran: Mt Suiro, 5-May-1954. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, ?LEYTE. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
3. Agalmyla calelanensis (Elmer) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 119; ≡ Dichrotrichum calelanense Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 955; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 453; Type: Elmer 11347 (E, holo; GH, K, L, NY, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Lake Linao, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: In mossy forest, 1800–2600m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
4. Agalmyla chorisepala (C.B.Clarke) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 116; ≡ Dichrotrichum chorisepalum C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 53; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 453; Type: Cuming 938 (K, lecto; L, isolecto), Luzon: Albay prov. = Dichrotrichum minus Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 314, nom. illeg., non K.Schum. & Lauterb. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Epiphytic on tree trunks in forest, 550-1400m. Native.
5. Agalmyla clarkei (Elmer) B.L.Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 28 (1968) 224; Hilliard & Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 105; ≡ Tetradema clarkei (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 453; ≡ Dichrotrichum clarkei Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 345; Type: Elmer 7499 (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Lucban, epiphytic herb in woods, 1000m, May-1906. = Dichrotrichum praelongum Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 170; ≡ Tetradema praelongum (Kraenzl.) Schltr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7 (1920) 18; Type: Merrill 7518 (US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Banahaw, Feb-1911. = Dichrotrichum crassicaule Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) 169. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, ?PANAY. Native.
6. Agalmyla glabra (Copel. ex Merr.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 123; ≡ Dichrotrichum glabrum Copel. ex Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 17 (1904) 46; EPFP 3 (1923) 453; Type: Copeland 998 (K, lecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Apr-1904. = Dichrotrichum coriaceum Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 439; EPFP 3 (1923) 453; Type: BS 38924 Ramos & Edaño (A, K, US, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Candoon, mossy forest, c. 1600m, 3-Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ?CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato. Notes: Montane forests, 1160-2000m. Some specimens from Camiguin, BS 14483 Ramos, and Mt Matutum, viz. PPI 5190 Gaerlan et al. & PPI 5293 (PNH) and BS 85095 Ramos & Edaño (A) are probably referable to this species. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
7. Agalmyla montis-tomasii Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 111; Type: Sands 3149 (K, holo; A, L, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Sto Tomas, 16º20’N, 120º32’E, in stunted ridge forest with Ericaceae and ?oak spp., 1800m, 18-Feb-1976. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Stunted ridge forest, 1800m. Known only from the type collection. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
8. Agalmyla parvilimba Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 115; Type: Mendum et al. 99202 (E, holo), Leyte: near Dagami, Mt Lobi, 11º02’N, 124º48’E, submontane forest, 800m, 7-Nov-1999. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Submontane forest, 800m. Only known from the type collection. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
9. Agalmyla persimilis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 120; Type: PNH 10767 Mendoza & Convocar (A, holo), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Hilong-hilong, steep slope in mossy forest, 1166 m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental (photos). Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
10. Agalmyla rotundiloba Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 125; Type: PNH 11551 Edaño (A, holo; L, iso), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, Mt Kampalili, summit, 750m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Summit, 750m. Thus far known only from three collections from the type locality. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
11. Agalmyla rubra (Merr.) B.L.Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 28 (1968) 224; Hilliard & Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 108; ≡ Tetradema rubrum (Merr.) Schltr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 7 (1920) 17; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 454; ≡ Trichosporum rubrum Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 227; Type: Merrill 4581 (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, Nov-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
12. Agalmyla samarica Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Blumea 44 (1999) 388; Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 112; Type: PNH 117472 Gutierrez et al. (K, holo; L, iso), Samar: Eastern Samar, Wright mun., near summit of Mt Apoy, 11º24’N, 125º25’E, May-1969. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Notes: In forest, 180-300m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
13. Agalmyla sibuyanensis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 110; Type: Argent & Reynoso 8986 (E, holo), Sibuyan: Camp 3 above Magdiwang on ridge leading to Mayo’s Peak, on steep slope in submontane forest, 1300m, 24-Aug-1989. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Submontane forest, 1300m. Known only from the type collection. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
14. Agalmyla urdanetensis (Elmer) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 59 (2002) 113; ≡ Tetradema urdanetense (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 454; ≡ Dichrotrichum urdanetense Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2667; Type: Elmer 13710, Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte. Notes: In mossy forest, 700-1800m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Chrysothemis Decne. (Not native)

1. Chrysothemis pulchella Decne., Rev. Hort. Ser. 3, 3 (1849) 242. Distribution: C & S America. SAMAR. Notes: Naturalized in the Philippines (W. Suarez, pers. comm., 7-Nov-20). Naturalized.

Codonoboea Ridl.

1. Codonoboea corrugata (Mendum) D.J.Middleton, Edinburgh J. Bot. 70 (2013) 389; ≡ Henckelia corrugata Mendum, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 439; Type: Mendum, Argent, Cronk, Middleton, Wilkie, Fuentes & Chavez 25558 (PNH, holo; E, iso), specimen cultivated at Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, accession no. 19981788, Palawan: side of ravine above Camp 3 towards Cleopatra’s Needle, 940m, 22-Jan-1998. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Codonoboea woodii (Merr.) A.Weber, Edinburgh J. Bot. 70 (2013) 393; ≡ Henckelia woodii (Merr.) A.Weber & B.L.Burtt, Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 70 (1998) 359; ≡ Didymocarpus woodii Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 489; EPFP 4 (1925) 251; Type: Merrill 11587 (G, K, L, P, PNH, US, W), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, 8-Oct-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: On cliffs in primary forest at low elevation. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Cyrtandra J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.

1. Cyrtandra aclada Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 443; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 456; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1088; Type: BS 36616 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Mt Tubuan, Oct/Nov-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.
2. Cyrtandra aeruginosa Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 345; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1088; Type: BS 47320 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; K, ?UC, isolecto), Luzon: Isabela, Mt Moises, on forested slopes, c. 1200m, 1-Mar-1926. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: Forests, c. 1200m. Known only from the type collection. Native.
3. Cyrtandra agusanensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2658; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 456; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1088; Type: Elmer 13497 (NY, lecto; BO, E, HBG, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Mt Urdaneta, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Low elevation forests along streams, ascending to 225m. Native.
4. Cyrtandra alvarezii Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 326; EPFP 3 (1923) 456; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1088; Type: FB 25214 Alvarez (A, lecto), Mindanao: Lanao, Mar-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao. Notes: Primary forests, c. 1000m. Native.
5. Cyrtandra angularis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 960; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1088; Type: Elmer 10698 (K, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, E, GH, HBG, MO, NY, US, WRSL, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya, Mt Apo, 3500ft, May-1909. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation primary forests, ascending to 1100m. Native.
6. Cyrtandra antoniana Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 561; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 456; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1088; Type: Elmer 9542 (NY, lecto; BM, BO, E, HBG, MO, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mts, Mar-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS, SIBUYAN. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1800m. Native.
7. Cyrtandra apoensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 962; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1089; Type: Elmer 11557 (A, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, E, GH, HBG, K, MO, NY, U, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: On cliffs along small streams, 1700m and above. Native.
8. Cyrtandra argentii Olivar, H.J.Atkins & Muellner, Eur. J. Taxon. 676 (2020) 4; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1089; Type: Mendum, Argent, Pennington, Wilkie, Reynoso & Gaerlan 29053 (E, holo; PNH, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, 13-Mar-1997. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, MINDORO. Conservation status: Near Threatened (Olivar et al. 2020). Native.
9. Cyrtandra atropurpurea Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 75; EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: BS 19852 McGregor (not located), Luzon: Ifugao, Mt Polis, 2-Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Probably from the mossy forest above 2000m. Insufficiently known (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
10. Cyrtandra attenuata Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 558; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1089; Type: Elmer 9623 (BM, lecto; E, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, WRSL, Z), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mts, Mar-1908. = Cyrtandra stenophylla Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 325; Type: Merrill 7008 (B, syn, ?lost), Negros: Canlaon Volcano; FB 4259 Everett (B, syn, ?lost), Negros: Canlaon Volcano; FB Curran (B, syn, ?lost), Luzon: Tayabas, Paete-Piapi; BS 32491 McGregor (K, neo; P, isoneo), Panay: May-Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: On wet cliffs along streams, and in the mossy forests, 50-1200m. Closely allied to Cyrtandra humilis. Native.
11. Cyrtandra auriculata C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 252; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1089; Type: Cuming 1328 (K, lecto; FI, K, isolecto), Luzon: Albay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Primary forests along small streams. Native.
12. Cyrtandra bacanii Olivar & Muellner, Phytotaxa 418 (2019) 117; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1089; ≡ Cyrtandra umbellata Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 330, nom. illeg., non de Vriese; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Type: Bacani 15900 (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Dec-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
13. Cyrtandra barnesii Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 444; EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1089; Type: FB 920 Barnes (BM, lecto; L, NY, US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Tonglon (Mt Sto Tomas), very damp shaded ravines in the mossy forest, c. 2000m, May-Jun-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Notes: Damp shaded ravines, c. 2000m. Native.
14. Cyrtandra bataanensis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 330; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1090; Type: BS 20035 Topacio (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Bataan, in forests, 100m; BS 39707 Ramos (US, neo; US, isoneo), Mindoro: Paluan, Apr-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Sorsogon, MINDORO. Notes: Low elevation primary forests along streams, c. 100m. Native.
15. Cyrtandra benguetiana Kraenzl., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37 (1906) 281; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1090; Type: Loher 4237 (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, NEGROS. Notes: Damp shaded ravines, 900-1700m. Native.
16. Cyrtandra callicarpifolia Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 966; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1090; Type: Elmer 11497 (BM, lecto; A, BISH, BO, E, GH, HBG, K, MO, NY, P, US, WRSL, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, dense woods on a steep ravine along the Cati Creek, 5750ft, Aug-1909. = Cyrtandra miserrima Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 316; Type: De Vore & Hoover 317 (US, lecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, in forests, May-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Forested banks of streams, c. 1750m. Native.
17. Cyrtandra castanea Merr., PJS 13 (1918) Bot. 326; EPFP 3 (1923) 457; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1090; Type: BS 26606 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto; P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Aurora, Mt Dingalan (Mt Dalingdingan, according to protologue), on forested slopes, c. 120m, 25-Aug-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
18. Cyrtandra cauliflora Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 315; EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1090; Type: BS 35342 Martelino & Edaño (A, lecto; K, P, US, isolecto), Panay: Aklan, Libacao, along streams at low elevation, 3-Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Low elevation primary forest along streams. Native.
19. Cyrtandra chiritoides Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 327; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: BS 10257 McGregor (not located), Polillo. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. POLILLO. Notes: Low elevation forest. Known only from the type. Insufficiently known (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
20. Cyrtandra cleopatrae H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 451; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1090; Type: Cronk, Mendum, Argent, Middleton, Wilkie, Fuentes & Chavez 25437A (PNH, holo; K, L, E, iso), Palawan: Cleopatra’s Needle, 1550m, 22-Jan-1998. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
21. Cyrtandra constricta Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2660; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1091; Type: Elmer 14196 (GH, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAS, CP, E, HBG, K, MO, NA, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Cabadbaran, humid forest of a stony soil along the Masay Ridge at 6000ft, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Mossy forest, c. 1800m. Native.
22. Cyrtandra cumingii C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 263; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Nishii et al., Edinburgh J. Bot. 76 (2019) 340; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1091; Type: Cuming 757 (K, lecto; B, BM, K, L, MO, P, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, 1841. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BATANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Medium elevation primary forests along streams. Especially common on Mt Banahaw. Native.
23. Cyrtandra cyclopum Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 317; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: Banks s.n. (not located), Negros: Mt Kanlaon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Primary forests, probably at medium elevation. Insufficiently known (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
24. Cyrtandra davaoensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 968; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1091; Type: Elmer 10595 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, trunk epiphyte at dense woods, S of Mt Calelan, c. 4000ft, May-1909. = Cyrtandra scandens Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 319; Type: Bolster 326 (US, lecto), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, 120m, Apr-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests, ascending to 1200m. Native.
25. Cyrtandra decussata Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 961; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1091; Type: Elmer 11704 (GH, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, E, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, US, WRSL, Z, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, densely wooded flats at 4000ft, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Wet mossy forests, c. 1200m. Native.
26. Cyrtandra disparifolia Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 34; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1091; Type: BS 46751 Ramos & Edaño (NY, lecto; ?UC, isolecto), Luzon: Isabela, San Mariano, along forested streams, c. 500m, 15-Mar-1926. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: Forested stream, c. 500m. Known only from the type collection. Native.
27. Cyrtandra edanoi Olivar & Pelser, Taxon 71 (2022) 1091; ≡ Cyrtandra copelandii Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458, nom. illeg., non Elmer; ≡ Didymocarpus pallidus Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 167, as 'pallida'; Type: Merrill 8224 (B, holo, lost), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River; BS 37337 Ramos & Edaño (K, neo), Mindanao: Zamboanga. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte. Notes: On damp banks in shaded ravines, 400-800m. The name Cyrtandra pallida is occupied by Cyrtandra pallida Elmer. Native.
28. Cyrtandra elatostemoides Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1781; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 458, as ‘elatostemmoides’; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1092; Type: Elmer 13207 (P, lecto; BO, E, L, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (Thumb Peak), May-1911. = Cyrtandra kraenzlinii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 76; Type: Merrill 7247 (K, lecto; BM, L, NY, P, US, isolecto), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, Binaloan, in forest at sea level, on damp shaded banks, Sep-1910. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Primary forests from sea level to c. 750m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
29. Cyrtandra ferruginea Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 75; EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1092; Type: BS 1548 Ramos (GH, lecto; BM, BO, L, NY, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Camarines, Mt Cauayan, 9-Dec-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, PALAWAN. Notes: In very damp forests, probably at medium elevation. Native.
30. Cyrtandra fusconervia Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 389; EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1092; Type: Wenzel 88 (GH, lecto; US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, on forested foothills, c. 60m, 31-Mar-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, PANAY. Notes: Low elevation primary forests, chiefly along small streams. Native.
31. Cyrtandra geantha Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 323; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1092; Type: M.S. Clemens s.n. (B, holo, lost), Mindanao: Lanao del Sur, along Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley; BS 39111 Ramos & Edaño (P, neo; K, US, isoneo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Jun/Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. JOLO, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Forests, c. 650m. Native.
32. Cyrtandra gitingensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 956; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1092; Type: Elmer 12369 (E, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes (Magdiwang), España side, moist earth banks near densely wooded streamlets, at 1750ft, Apr-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela (photos), SIBUYAN. Notes: Forested banks along streams, c. 525m. Native.
33. Cyrtandra glabrifolia Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; ≡ Cyrtandra glabra Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 317, nom. illeg., non Jack; Type: Merrill 5770 (US, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon, undershrub in forest, c. 1500m, Nov-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1300-1500m. Native.
34. Cyrtandra glabrilimba Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 349; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; Type: BS 47263 Ramos & Edaño (A, lecto; B, BO, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Isabela, Mt Moises, forested slopes, 1250m, 2-Mar-1926. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: Forested slopes, 1250m. Known from two specimens from the type collection. Native.
35. Cyrtandra grandifolia Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2663; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; Type: Elmer 13711 (E, lecto; A, BISH, BM, GH, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, NY, P, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Cabadbaran, in very damp, more or less stony soil of steep wooded slopes, 3500ft between Duros and Cawilanan, Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Damp primary forest, c. 1050m. Native.
36. Cyrtandra hirtigera H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 452; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; Type: Cronk et al. 25433 (PNH, holo; E, K, L, iso), Palawan: Cleopatra’s Needle, 21-Jan-1998. = Cyrtandra woodii Merr., ined.; Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 452. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
    • var. hirtigera. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 30-900m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
    • var. chlorina H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 453; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; Type: Cronk et al. 25518 (PNH, holo; K, L, E, iso), Palawan: Thumb Peak, 29-Jan-1998. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
37. Cyrtandra hypochrysea Kraenzl., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37 (1906) 276; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; Type: Loher 4233 (K, holo; US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, 1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Mountain Province. Notes: Damp forested ravines, c. 1400m. Native.
38. Cyrtandra hypochrysoides Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 319; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1093; Type: BS 2543 Foxworthy (US, lecto; NY, P, US), Luzon: Mt Pinatubo, Mar/Apr-1907. = Cyrtandra quisumbingii Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3193; Type: Elmer 22130 (NY, lecto; BO, C, GH, K, L, MICH, MO, P, US, Z, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pinatubo, May-1927. = Cyrtandra quisumbingii var. minor Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3194; Type: Elmer 22192 (MICH, lecto; GH, HBG, K, MO, NY, P, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pinatubo, May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Zambales, PALAWAN. Notes: Mossy forests, 1000-1700m. Native.
39. Cyrtandra hypoleuca Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 171; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1094; Type: Merrill 8107 (US, lecto; K, P, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, Nov/Dec-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1000m. Native.
40. Cyrtandra ilicifolia Kraenzl., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37 (1906) 282; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1094; Type: Loher 4236 (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, 1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Notes: Montane thickets in damp ravines, c. 1500m. Native.
41. Cyrtandra ilocana Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 452; EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1094; Type: BS 33370 Ramos (BM, lecto; K, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Palimlim, Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Mossy forest, c. 1000m. Native.
42. Cyrtandra inaequifolia Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1782; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1094; Type: Elmer 13092 (NY, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, E, HBG, L, MO, US, V, isolecto), Palawan: Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Seepage slopes in forests along streams, c. 225m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
43. Cyrtandra incisa C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 250; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1094; Type: Cuming 492 (K, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon. = Cyrtandra philippinensis C.B.Clarke, Monogr. Phan. 5 (1883) 250; Type: Perrottet s.n. (P, lecto; G, P, isolecto), Luzon: 1823. = Cyrtandra florulenta Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 173; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459, as ‘florentula’; Type: Vanoverbergh 855 (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Mountain Province, Bontoc, Bauco; BS 12603 Fenix (US, neo), Luzon: Benguet, Nov/Dec-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Apayao, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDORO, POLILLO. Native.
44. Cyrtandra infantae Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 327; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1095; Type: BS 9320 Robinson (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Tayabas; BS 28809 Ramos & Edaño (US, neo), Luzon: Mt Binuang, May-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Ledges along rivers. Native.
45. Cyrtandra lagunae Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 125; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1095; Type: Merrill 7499 (BM, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Banahaw, Feb-1911. = Cyrtandra maquilingensis Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3083; Type: Elmer 17813 (A, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, CAS, GH, HBG, L, NY, P, S, US, Z, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Makiling, Jul-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, elevation 900-1800m. Native.
46. Cyrtandra lancifolia Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 454; EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1095; Type: BS 33078 Ramos (BM, lecto; A, K, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Quezon. Notes: Along streams in lowland forests. Native.
47. Cyrtandra limnophila Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 323; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1095; Type: BS 1988 Foxworthy (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Mt Abu; BS 30565 Ramos (US, neo), Catanduanes, Nov/Dec-1917. = Cyrtandra umbrina Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 460, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3742, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 16537 (BO, GH, HBG, L, MO, NY, P, S, U, US, Z), Luzon: Mt Bulusan, Jul-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Pampanga, Sorsogon. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1400m in Pampanga. Native.
48. Cyrtandra livida Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 322; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1096; Type: BS 781 Foxworthy (US, lecto; US, isolecto), Palawan: Mar/Apr-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: In ravines, c. 150m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
49. Cyrtandra lobbii C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 282; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1096; Type: Lobb s.n. (K, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon. = Cyrtandra curranii Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 176; Type: FB 13189 Curran (P, lecto; BM, K, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Mar-1912. = Cyrtandra ramosii Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 177; Type: BS 10976 Ramos (US, lecto; K, P, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Aug-1910. = Cyrtandra wenzelii Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 385; Type: Wenzel 665 (US, lecto), Leyte: Buenavista, May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, 300-1000m. Widespread species. Native.
50. Cyrtandra loheri Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 351; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1096; Type: Loher 12939 (UC, lecto), Luzon: Rizal, Montalban, Mt Pamingtiñgan, Mar-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Known from two collections both by Loher from approximately the same locality. Native.
51. Cyrtandra longipes Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 329; EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1096; Type: BS 30353 Ramos (K, lecto; P, US, isolecto), Catanduanes: Nov/Dec-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES. Notes: Low elevation primary forest. Native.
52. Cyrtandra macrodiscus Kraenzl., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37 (1906) 279; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1096; Type: FB 921 Barnes (K, holo; NY, P, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, May/Jun-1904. = Cyrtandra grossedentata Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 346; Type: Elmer 8864 (Z, lecto; A, E, K, L, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Mar-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal. Notes: Thickets, damp ravines, and forests, 800-1500m. Native.
53. Cyrtandra maesifolia Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 556; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1096; Type: Elmer 10228 (E, lecto), Negros, Cuernos Mts, Jun-1908. = Cyrtandra chavis-insectorum Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 318; Type: Clemens 650 (US, lecto; US, isolecto), Mindanao: Lanao, Jul-1906. = Cyrtandra nervosa Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 178; Type: Merrill 8126 (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River Mts, Dec-1911. = Cyrtandra williamsii Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 315; Type: Williams 2087 (US, lecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, Feb-1905. = Cyrtandra bulusanensis Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 457, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BILIRAN, BOHOL, CEBU (photos), JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
54. Cyrtandra mcgregorii Kraenzl., PJS 8c (1913) 328; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: BS 10576 McGregor (not located), Luzon: Cagayan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Lowland forests. Insufficiently known (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
55. Cyrtandra membranifolia Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 963; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 461; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1097; Type: Elmer 11273 (K, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, E, GH, HBG, L, MO, NY, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
56. Cyrtandra microphylla Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 328; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1097; Type: BS 26250 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto; P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Umingan, Aug/Sep-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija. Native.
57. Cyrtandra mindanaensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 958; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1097; Type: Elmer 11711 (E, lecto; BM, L, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
58. Cyrtandra mucronatisepala Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 352; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1097; Type: BS 49427 Ramos & Edaño (NY, lecto), Mindanao: Davao Oriental, Mt Mayo, Apr/May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Forested slopes and streams, 1000-1300m. Native.
59. Cyrtandra multifolia Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 327; EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1097; Type: BS 26459 Ramos & Edaño (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Umingan, Aug/Sep-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Ecija, MINDORO (photos). Native.
60. Cyrtandra nana Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 79; EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: BS 21462 Escritor (not located), Mindanao: Bukidnon, 2-Aug-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Insufficiently known (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
61. Cyrtandra oblongata Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 78; EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1098; Type: Merrill 7515 (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Banahaw, Feb-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDORO (photos). Native.
62. Cyrtandra pachyneura Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 175; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1098; Type: Merrill 7800 (US, lecto; K, L, P, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Tonglon, May-1911. = Cyrtandra alnifolia Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 329; Type: BS 8350 McGregor (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Benguet; Merrill 9662 (US, neo; K, isoneo), Luzon: Benguet, May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province. Native.
63. Cyrtandra pachyphylla Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 316; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1098; Type: BS 2928 Mearns (US, lecto), Luzon: Mt Mayon, Jun-1907. = Cyrtandra vulcanica Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3743, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 17388 (BO, C, GH, HBG, MO, NY, P, S, U, US, Z), Luzon: Mt Bulusan, Sep-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Sorsogon. Native.
64. Cyrtandra pallida Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 559; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1098; Type: Elmer 9518 (BM, lecto; A, BO, E, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Negros: Cuernos Mts, Mar-1908. = Cyrtandra laxa Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 967; Type: Elmer 11585 (GH, lecto; A, BISH, BM, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, Aug-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
65. Cyrtandra pallidifolia Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 172; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1098; Type: BS 13379 Ramos (B, holo, ?lost), Luzon: Quezon, Tagkawayan. = Cyrtandra coriaceifolia Olivar & Muellner, Phytotaxa 418 (2019) 117, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; ≡ Cyrtandra humilis Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 345, nom. illeg., non Blume; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 459; Type: Elmer 8855 (A, lecto; BO, E, K, L, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Mar-1907. = Cyrtandra arbuscula Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 326; Type: BS 7428 Ramos (B, holo, ?lost), Luzon: Cagayan. = Cyrtandra glaucescens Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 328; Type: Merrill 6702 (K, lecto), Panay: Capiz, Dumarao, Mar-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium c. primary forests in damp shaded ravines along streams. Native.
66. Cyrtandra panayensis Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 452; EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1099; Type: BS 32241 McGregor (K, lecto; A, US, isolecto), Panay: Antique, May-Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte (photos), NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
67. Cyrtandra pantothrix Kraenzl. in Fedde Repert. 24 (1928) 221; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1099; Type: Wallis s.n. (W, holo), Luzon: Majayjay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, NCR. Native.
68. Cyrtandra parva Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 446; EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1099; Type: BS 36844 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Malangas, Oct/Nov-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay. Native.
69. Cyrtandra parviflora C.B.Clarke in De Candolle & De Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 5 (1883) 283; EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1099; Type: Callery s.n. (P, holo), Luzon: 1840. = Cyrtandra micrantha Kraenzl., J. Linn. Soc. 37 (1906) 280; Type: FB 923 Barnett (K, holo; US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Jun-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Camarines Norte, Mountain Province. Native.
70. Cyrtandra parvifolia Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 300; EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1099; Type: Merrill 5718 (K, lecto; NY, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, Nov-1906. = Cyrtandra fragilis Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 557; Type: Elmer 9917 (MO, lecto; BISH, BM, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MICH, NY, P, U, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mts, Apr-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Mossy forest, 1000-1800m. Native.
71. Cyrtandra peninsula Elmer ex Olivar & H.J.Atkins, Taxon 71 (2022) 1100; Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3741, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 15699 (A, holo; MO, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Mt Bulusan, Apr-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon. Conservation status: Vulnerable (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
72. Cyrtandra pinatubensis Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3191; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1100; Type: Elmer 22076 (C, lecto; B, BM, BO, GH, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, NY, P, Z, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Pinatubo, May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pampanga. Native.
73. Cyrtandra plectranthiflora Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 332; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1100; Type: BS 5945 Ramos (US, lecto), Luzon: Lepanto, Mt Data, Jan-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province. Native.
74. Cyrtandra pulgarensis Elmer ex H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 450; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: Elmer 13204 (E, holo; L, NY, WRSL, iso), Palawan: Mt Pulgar, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 1200m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
75. Cyrtandra ramiflora Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 964; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: Elmer 10681 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, E, GH, HBG, MO, K, US, WRSL, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, May-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao del Sur. Native.
76. Cyrtandra roseoalba Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 178; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 463; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: BS 10923 Ramos (US, lecto), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Aug-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Native.
77. Cyrtandra rufotricha Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 442; EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: BS 36655 Ramos & Edaño (US, lecto; K, P, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Mt Tubuan, Oct-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Native.
78. Cyrtandra rupicola Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1784; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: Elmer 13213 (E, lecto; BO, isolecto), Palawan: Mt Pulgar, May-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
79. Cyrtandra saligna Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 324; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: Merrill 5480 (L, lecto; NY, P, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, 10-Oct-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
80. Cyrtandra santosii Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 453; EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: BS 32071 Santos (K, lecto; A, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Pauai, Apr-Jun-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Zamboanga Sibugay. Native.
81. Cyrtandra sibuyanensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 969; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1101; Type: Elmer 12529 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, E, HBG, K, L, MO, US, WRSL, isolecto), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, May-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Native.
82. Cyrtandra similis Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 354; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: BS 45572 Ramos & Edaño (A, lecto; B, K, isolecto), Luzon: Quirino (formerly part of Nueva Vizcaya), Mt Alzapan. Forested stream at low elevation. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Native.
83. Cyrtandra sorsogonensis Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) Bot. 31; EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: BS 23318 Ramos (US, lecto; BM, K, isolecto), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Kililibong, Jul/Aug-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Sorsogon. Native.
84. Cyrtandra strongiana Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 325; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: Clemens 1094 (B, holo, lost), Mindanao: Lake Lanao; BS 15717 Fenix (K, neo; US, isoneo), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Aug-1912. = Cyrtandra mirabilis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 321, nom. illeg., non C.B.Clarke; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 462; Type: Williams 3012 (B, holo, lost), Mindanao: Davao; BS 39141 Ramos & Edaño (L, neo; K, P, US, isoneo), Mindanao: Tangculan, Jul-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur. Native.
85. Cyrtandra subglabra Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 447; EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: BS 36937 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto; L, P, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Oct/Nov-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte. Native.
86. Cyrtandra tagaleurium Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) 176; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: BS 14462 Ramos (K, lecto; A, K, NY, P, US, isolecto), Camiguin: Mar/Apr-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), NEGROS. Native.
87. Cyrtandra talonensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 959; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: Elmer 11899 (E, lecto; L, MO, NY, US, WRSL, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Apo, Sep 1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
88. Cyrtandra tayabensis Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 347; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1102; Type: Elmer 9238 (A, lecto; BO, E, K, L, MO, NY, US, WRSL, Z, isolecto), Luzno: Tayabas, Lucban, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, NEGROS. Native.
89. Cyrtandra tecomiflora Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 322; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: FB 9264 Whitford & Hutchinson (not located), Mindanao: Zamboanga. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Insufficiently known (Olivar et al. 2022). Native.
90. Cyrtandra tenuipes Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 330; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; ≡ Cyrtandra longipedunculata Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 77, nom. illeg., non Rech.; Type: BS 19664 McGregor (P, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Luzon: Mt Polis, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Quezon, Rizal. Native.
91. Cyrtandra tenuisepala Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 356; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; Type: BS 45579 Ramos & Edaño (B, lecto; K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Quirino (formerly part of Nueva Vizcaya), Mt Alzapan. Forested slope in mossy forest, 1300m, May/Jun-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino. Notes: Mossy forest, 1300m. Known only from the type collection. Native.
92. Cyrtandra trivialis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 331; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 464; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; Type: BS 8003 Ramos (B, holo, lost), Luzon: Isabela; BS 20008 McGregor (K, neo; US, isoneo), Luzon: Ifugao, Feb-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Isabela. Native.
93. Cyrtandra umbellifera Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 435; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Li & Kao in Huang, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2 (1998) 695; Nishii et al., Edinburgh J. Bot. 76 (2019) 338; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; Type: Fenix 3785 (P, lecto; US, isolecto), Batan: Mt Iraya, 8-Jun-1907. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BABUYAN ISLS, BATAN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
94. Cyrtandra urdanetensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2664; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; Type: Elmer 13882 (HBG, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, BRIT, CAS, E, GH, K, L, MO, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
95. Cyrtandra vanoverberghii Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 174; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; Type: Vanoverbergh 512 (B, holo, lost), Luzon; Bontoc; Vanoverbergh 2641 (P, neo), Luzon: Bontoc, Dec-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Native.
96. Cyrtandra villosissima Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 225; EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1103; Type: Clemens 51 (F, lecto; BO, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jan-1906. = Slackia philippinensis Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 171; Type: Merrill 8295 (B, holo, ?lost), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, JOLO, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
    • var. villosissima. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, JOLO, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga, NEGROS. Native.
    • var. flavovirens Olivar & Mazo, Philippine J. Syst. Biol 16 (2022) 8; Type: Mazo 10 (PNH, holo; CMUH, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Norte, Leon B. Postigo, Brgy Tinuyop, Naning River, 436m, Feb-2021. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
97. Cyrtandra yaeyamae Ohwi, J. Jap. Bot. 13 (1937) 339; Nishii et al., Edinburgh J. Bot. 76 (2019) 340; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: from Japan. Distribution: Japan, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls. BATAN. Native.
98. Cyrtandra zamboangensis Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 445; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 465; Olivar et al., Taxon 71 (2022) 1104; Type: BS 37249 Ramos & Edaño (US,lecto; K, P, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Mt Tubuan, Nov-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte. Native.

Needs name

1. Cyrtandra B; H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 454; Voucher: Cronk et al. 25389 (E, PNH), Palawan: Cleopatra’s Needle, 1550m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 500m. Native.
2. Cyrtandra C; H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 454; Voucher: Cronk et al. 25520 (E, PNH), Palawan: Thumb Peak. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 1200m. Native.
3. Cyrtandra D; H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 455; Voucher: PNH 77433 Edaño (GH), Palawan: Panalingajan River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 650-800m. Native.
4. Cyrtandra E; H.J.Atkins & Cronk, Edinburgh J. Bot. 58 (2001) 456; Voucher: PNH 50 Edaño (GH), Palawan: Mt Mantalingahan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
5. Cyrtandra F; ≡ Cyrtandra inaequifolia Merr. & Quisumb., nom. inval., in sched., auct. non Elmer; Voucher: PNH 7814 Celestino (L), Luzon: Ifugao, Mt Polis, on rocks along stream-summit, 2042m, 10-May-1948. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao. Notes: Note by P.B. Pelser (27-Jun-20): If this specimen indeed represents an undescribed species, then the name Cyrtandra inaequifolia is not available for it and it would need a new name. Native.

Dorcoceras Bunge

1. Dorcoceras philippense (C.B.Clarke) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58 (1923) 259, as 'philippinense'; Puglisi et al., Taxon 65 (2016) 286; ≡ Boea philippensis C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 146; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 448, as ‘philippinensis’; Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41 (1984) 418. = Boea pseudoglandulosa Elmer, LPB 9 (1925) 3120, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 448, as ‘pseudoglandulosum’, nom. inval., nom. nud., pro syn.; Voucher: Elmer 17398, Luzon. Distribution: China, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Vietnam. LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, MINDORO. Notes: Shaded places along small streams and on forested slopes at low and medium elevation. Native.

Episcia Mart. (Not native)

1. Episcia 'Fire ember'. Distribution: SAMAR (photo). Notes: Cultivar naturalized in Sohoton Natural Bridge National Park (W. Suarez, pers. comm., 7-Nov-20). Naturalized.

Epithema Blume

1. Epithema benthamii C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 180; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 456, as ‘benthami’; Bransgrove & Middleton, Gard. Bull. Singapore 67 (2015) 170; Type: Cuming 1265 (K, lecto; BM, K, isolecto), Luzon: Albay, 1841. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Cagayan, Ifugao, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Conservation status: Least Concern (Bransgrove & Middleton 2015). Native.
2. Epithema ceylanicum Gardner, Calcutta J. Nat. Hist 6 (1846) 492; Bransgrove & Middleton, Gard. Bull. Singapore 67 (2015) 177; Type: from Sri Lanka. = Epithema brunonis var. fasciculatum C.B.Clarke in A.DC. & DC., Monogr. Phan. 5 (1883) 180; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 456; ≡ Epithema taiwanense var. fasciculatum (C.B.Clarke) Z.Yu Li & M.T.Kao in T.C.Huang, Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 4 (1998) 697, as ‘fasciculata’; Type: Cuming 823 (K, lecto; BM, G-DC, K, L, P, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, 1841. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Cambodia, India, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Pampanga, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO. Conservation status: Least Concern (Bransgrove & Middleton 2015). Native.
3. Epithema dolichopodum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 54 (1997) 112; Bransgrove & Middleton, Gard. Bull. Singapore 67 (2015) 183; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Least Concern (Bransgrove & Middleton 2015). Native.
4. Epithema madulidii Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 54 (1997) 112; Bransgrove & Middleton, Gard. Bull. Singapore 67 (2015) 194; Type: PPI 11563 Madulid, Agoo, Reynoso & Fuentes (PNH, holo; E, iso), Coron: Bariol. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CORON, PALAWAN. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Bransgrove & Middleton 2015). Native.
5. Epithema philippinum (Hilliard & B.L.Burtt) Bransgr., Garden's Bulletin Singapore 67 (2015) 200; ≡ Epithema strigosum ssp. philippinum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, Edinburgh J. Bot. 54 (1997) 113; Type: PNH 10434 Mendoza & Convocar (PNH, holo; A, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, Mt Kabatuan, 83m, 18-Mar-1949. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Surigao del Norte. Conservation status: Data Deficient (Bransgrove & Middleton 2015). Native.

Gloxinia L'Hér. (Not native)

1. Gloxinia perennis (L.) Druce, Rep. Bot. Exch. Cl. Brit. Isles 1913, iii (1914) 418; ≡ Martynia perennis L., Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 618. Distribution: C & S America. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Naturalized in secondary forest. Naturalized.

Monophyllaea R.Br.

1. Monophyllaea longipes Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 168; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 455. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Cagayan, Isabela. Notes: On cliff in damp shaded ravines at low elevation, on damp limestone ledge along a stream, 40m in Palanan (Co 5178, PUH). Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
2. Monophyllaea merrilliana Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 168; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 456. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BOHOL, CEBU (photos), DINAGAT (photos), LUZON: Laguna (photos), MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, PANAY (photos), SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: On damp cliff along small streams in forested ravines at low and medium elevation, ascending to 800m. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Paraboea (C.B.Clarke) Ridl.

1. Paraboea luzoniensis Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 225; EPFP 3 (1923) 449; Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41 (1984) 432; Xu et al., Edinburgh J. Bot. 65 (2008) 259; Type: Merrill 4178 (L, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Cavite, Maragongdon (Maragondon), 100-400m, Jul-1905. = Paraboea ridleyi Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 949; Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41 (1984) 435; Type: Elmer 11145 (NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cavite, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, PANAY, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: On cliffs in ravines, 100-400m. Conservation status: Least Concern (Xu et al. 2008). Native.
2. Paraboea swinhoei (Hance) B.L.Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41 (1984) 439; Xu et al., Edinburgh J. Bot. 65 (2008) 317; ≡ Boea swinhoei Hance, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. v, 5 (1866) 231; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 449; Li & Kao in Huang, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2 (1998) 702, as ‘swinhoii’; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: Borneo, China, Java, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, ?Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Rizal, MINDORO. Notes: Boulders and ledges on forested slopes, 300-1400m. Conservation status: Least Concern (Xu et al. 2008). Native.

Rhynchoglossum Blume

1. Rhynchoglossum klugioides C.B.Clarke in DC., Monog. Phan. 5 (1883) 163; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 454; Type: Cuming 824 (K, lecto; BM, K, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
2. Rhynchoglossum obliquum Blume, Bijdr. (1826) 741; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 432; EPFP 3 (1923) 454; Type: from Java (lecto). Distribution: India to China, Malesia, New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
3. Rhynchoglossum spumosum Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 564; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 455; Type: Elmer 9929 (BO, lecto; A, E, L, NY, PNH, US, isolecto), Negros: Negros Oriental, Dumaguete (Cuernos Mts.). = Rhynchoglossum merrilliae Kraenzl., PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 168; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 454; Type: Merrill 8187 (B, holo, lost; K, lecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.

Rhynchotechum Blume

1. Rhynchotechum discolor (Maxim.) B.L.Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 24 (1962) 37; Anderson & Middleton, Edinburgh J. Bot. 70 (2013) 137; ≡ Isanthera discolor Maxim., Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg 19 (1874) 538; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 455; Li & Kao in Huang, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2 (1998) 706. = Rhynchotechum tenue C.B.Clarke, Monogr. Phan. 5 (1883) 199; Type: Perrottet 197 (L, holo), Manila. Distribution: ?Bismarck Arch, China, Japan, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. ALABAT, BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Conservation status: Least Concern (Anderson & Middleton 2013). Native.
2. Rhynchotechum parviflorum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 14 (1826) 775; Anderson & Middleton, Edinburgh J. Bot. 70 (2013) 160; Type: from Java. = Rhynchotechum copelandii (Elmer) Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 455; ≡ Cyrtandra copelandii Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2661; Type: Elmer 13716 (BM, lecto; E, L, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Sep-1912. Distribution: Borneo, China, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Conservation status: Least Concern (Anderson & Middleton 2013). Native.

Seemannia Regel (Not native)

1. Seemannia sylvatica (Kunth) Hanst., Linnaea 29 (1859) 540; ≡ Gloxinia sylvatica (Kunth) Wiehler, Selbyana 1 (1) (1975) 33; ≡ Gesneria sylvatica Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2 (1818) 393 (ed. quarto), 316 (ed folio). Distribution: S America. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Naturalized in rocky places near settlements. Naturalized.

Stauranthera Benth.

1. Stauranthera coerulea (Blume) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 455; ≡ Miquelia coerulea Blume, Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Neerl. 1 (1838) 94, as 'caerulea'. = Stauranthera philippinensis Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 950, as 'philippinense'. Distribution: Java, Philippines, Sulawesi, Vietnam. CATANDUANES, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.