Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus L.

1. Elaeocarpus alanganorum Coode, Kew Bull. 74 (2019) 36: 1; Type: Mandia 495 (K, holo; K, DLSUH, iso), Mindoro: Naujan, NE Mt Halcon, following Paitan access trail, c. 2000m, 3-May-1995. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Only known from the type. 2000m. Native.
2. Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 120; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 11; Type: from Java. = Elaeocarpus wenzelii Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 371; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 20; Type: Wenzel 365 (PNH, holo, lost?; G, L, US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Dagami, in forests, c. 60m, 13-Jul-1913. = Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn.) K.Schum., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (Engler & Prantl) 3(6) (1890) 5, nom. illeg.; Corner, Gard. Bull. Sing. 10 (1939) 326; ≡ Ganitrus sphaerica Gaertn., Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2 (1791) 271. Distribution: Australia, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, HOMONHON, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Benguet, Mountain Province, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), Zamboanga del Norte, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland to montane forests. 0-1850m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
3. Elaeocarpus argenteus Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 26; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 14; Type: Elmer 6237 (US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Sto Tomas, May-1904. = Elaeocarpus parvilimbus Merr., J. Arnold Arbor. 32 (1951) 168; Type: BS 42239 Ramos (A, holo; A, SING, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Lumutan, Apr-1923. = Elaeocarpus affinis Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 372; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 14; Type: Wenzel 788 (US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Masaganap near Jaro, in forests, c. 600m, May/Jul-1914. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Aurora, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija (photos), Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos), Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Misamis, Misamis Oriental (photos), Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, SIBUYAN. Notes: 600-2250m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
   • var. argenteus. Distribution: LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Exposed ridges on higher mountains. 1100-2250m. Native.
   • var. cuernosensis (Elmer) Weibel, ined.; ≡ Elaeocarpus cuernosensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1173; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 15; Type: Elmer 9653 (E, K, L, NA, US, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mtns, Mar-1908. = Elaeocarpus laxirameus Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1186; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: Elmer 11222 (BISH, BM, E, K, MO, NA, NY, US, syn), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Jul-1909; Elmer 11945 (BM, E, K, L, MO, NY, US, syn), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Oct-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Misamis, NEGROS. Notes: Ridges in the mossy forests. 1100-1500m. Native.
   • var. elmeri (Aug.DC.) Weibel, ined.; ≡ Elaeocarpus elmeri Aug.DC., LPB 2 (1909) 637; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: Elmer 8870 (L, NY, US, syn); Elmer 8967 (L, US, syn), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Mar-1907. = Elaeocarpus zambalensis Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3185, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; ex Merr., J. Arnold Arb. 32 (1951) 172; Type: Elmer 21943 (PNH, holo; L, MO, NY, iso), Luzon: Pampanga, Camp Stotsenburg, Mt Pinatubo, May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija (photos), Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga. Notes: Thickets and forests. 1100-1400m. Native.
4. Elaeocarpus burebidensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1180; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 15; Type: Elmer 11837 (BISH, E, G, K, L, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya approach, Mt Burebid, dry wooded ridge at 4000ft, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Known only from the type (Mark Coode, pers. comm. 5-Aug-16). Forested ridges. 1200m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
5. Elaeocarpus calomala (Blanco) Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 43; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 15; Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 439; ≡ Vallea calomala Blanco, Fl. Filip., 1st Ed. (1837) 439; Type: Not extant, ‘Illustrative specimen’: Merr. Sp. Blancoanae 276, leg. M Ramos (US), Luzon: Rizal, Antipolo, 105m, 23-Feb-1914. = Elaeocarpus isotrichus (Turcz.) Fern.-Vill., Fl. Filip., 3rd Ed. 4(Nov. App.) (1880) 31; Aug.DC. in Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 638; ≡ Monocera isotricha Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 19 (1846) 494; Type: Cuming 836, Luzon. = Elaeocarpus philippinensis Warb., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1904) 101; Aug.DC. in Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 636; Type: Cuming s.n., Luzon. = Elaeocarpus bataanensis Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 41; Type: FB 21908 Medina (US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, forests back of Limay, on forested slopes, c. 300m, 2-Jul-1914. ≠ Elaeocarpus oblongus auct. non Gaertn.; Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 31; S.Vidal, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 17; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 72; Perkins, Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 100; Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 90; Aug.DC. in Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 636. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Abra (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Lanao, Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: 200-1200m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
   • var. calomala. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra (photos), Bataan, Benguet, Laguna, Rizal. Notes: Coode & Weibel (1994): “no correlated fruit and flower is known. Since there is no way to distinguish E. calomala var calomala from E. cumingii vegetatively (for which correlated fruit and flower is known), it is not clear if the fruit of var. calomala is known or not. Those fruiting sheets determined over the years as E. calomala all come from islands other than Luzon, or from provinces in Luzon other than these three”. 800m (photos). Native.
   • var. pustulatus (Merr.) Weibel, Kew Bull. 49 (1994) 239; ≡ Elaeocarpus pustulatus Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 295; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 19; Type: BS 14635 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; G, K, US, iso), Camiguin: Mt Mahinog, in forests, 11-Apr-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Elmer 12568 from Mt Giting-giting is tentatively assigned to this species by Coode & Weibel. Forest on slopes. Fl. Mar-May. 1200m. Native.
   • var. villosiusculus (Warb.) Weibel, Kew Bull. 49 (1994) 240; ≡ Elaeocarpus villosiusculus Warb., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1904) 101; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 20; Type: Warburg 13071 (B, holo, lost; G, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Sampaloc. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Batangas, Camarines, Quezon. Notes: Collections other than the type has uncertainties in identification. Lowland forests. 200-400m. Native.
6. Elaeocarpus culminicola Warb., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 16 (1893) 23; Type: from New Guinea. = Elaeocarpus pendulus Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 27; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 18; Type: Elmer 5801 (PNH, holo, lost; G, K, NY, US), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Sto Tomas, Mar-1904. = Elaeocarpus microphyllus Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1189; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: Elmer 11860 (PNH, holo, lost; BISH, BM, E, G, K, L, NY, U, US), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, in rich moist humus-covered soil of dense forests at 4500ft of Mt Calelan, Sep-1909. = Elaeocarpus maquilingensis Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3080; Type: Elmer 18039 (PNH, holo, lost; A, BISH, BM, C, CAS, G, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, U, US), Luzon: Mt Makiling, Jul-1917. Distribution: Australia, Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Montane and ridge-top forests. 10-2550m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
7. Elaeocarpus cumingii Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 19 (1846) 491; Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 31; S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 99; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 72; Aug.DC. in Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 637; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 15; Romeroso et al., J. Asia-Pacific biodiv. 17 (2024) 11; Type: Cuming 807 (BM, E, G, K, iso). = Elaeocarpus versicolor Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1178; Type: Elmer 12761 (BISH, BM, E, G, GH, K, NA, US, iso), Palawan: Palawan, Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (Thumb Peak), Mar-1911. ≠ Elaeocarpus nitidus auct. non Jack; Turcz., Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 19, 2 (1846) 491; Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 31; Voucher: Cuming 893 (BM, E, G, K, L), Luzon: Albay prov. ≠ Elaeocarpus oblongus auct. non Gaertn.; Turcz., Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 31, 1 (1858) 235. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, CEBU, ?HOMONHON, LUZON: Albay, Aurora (photos), Bataan, Camarines, Ifugao, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAUI (photos), PALAWAN, POLILLO, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Forests at low elevation. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
8. Elaeocarpus curranii Merr., PJS 4c (1909) 288; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: FB 4 Ware (BM, K, US, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Cagayan, Camarines, Ilocos Norte, Pampanga, Quezon, Zambales, MINDORO. Notes: Low elevation forests. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
9. Elaeocarpus dinagatensis Merr., J. Arnold Arbor. 32 (1951) 162; Type: BS 35117 Ramos & Pascasio (A, ?holo; K, US, iso), Bucas Grande: Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, DINAGAT. Notes: L.L.Co: Both islands have predominantly ultramafic geology. Low elevation. Fr. May-Jun. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Endangered. Native.
10. Elaeocarpus floribundus Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 120; Merr., J. Arnold Arb. 32 (1951) 162. Distribution: Borneo, India, Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand. MINDANAO: Surigao, PALAWAN. Notes: Forests at low elevation. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
11. Elaeocarpus forbesii Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 282; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: Leano FB 24726 (PNH, holo, lost; K, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 27-Sep-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Forested ravines and ridges. 900-1500(-2000)m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • ssp. forbesii. = Elaeocarpus palimlimensis R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49 (1940) 68; Merr., J. Arnold Arb. 32 (1951) 167; Type: BS 33377 Ramos (B, holo, lost; A, BO, K, L, US, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Mt Palimlim, Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Native.
    • ssp. ridsdalei Coode, Kew Bull. 62 (2007) 323; Type: Coode 5663 (K, holo; A, AAU, B, BO, CANB, E, G, L, LBC, P, PNH, SAN, SAR, SING, iso), Mindoro: Subaan headwaters inland from San Teodoro, 1-May-1986. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
12. Elaeocarpus foxworthyi Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 244; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: BS 858 Foxworthy. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Forests along streams at low elevation. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
13. Elaeocarpus fulvus Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1179; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: Elmer 10825 (PNH, holo, lost; BISH, BP, E, G, K, L, U, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Known only from the type (Mark Coode, pers. comm. 5-Aug-16). Primary forests. 1100m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
14. Elaeocarpus gammillii R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 50 (1941) 83; Type: Gamill 300 (A, K, iso), Guimaras: Feb-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. GUIMARAS, PANAY. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
15. Elaeocarpus gigantifolius Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1182; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Coode, Kew Bull. 79 (2024) 47; Type: Elmer 11184 (PNH, holo, lost; BM, BO, E, K, L, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Sibuyan River, 750m, Jul-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, SIBUYAN. Notes: 750m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Endangered. Native.
    • var. gigantifolius. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: Only known from the type (Coode 2024). Native.
    • var. leytensis Coode, Kew Bull. 79 (2024) 48; Type: Wenzel 1084 (BM), Leyte: 30-Aug-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Native.
16. Elaeocarpus gitingensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1177; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: Elmer 12050a (BISH, BM, E, K, L, MO, NY, US, syn), Sibuyan: Magallanes (Magdiwang), Mt Giting-giting, hill forests at 500ft, Mar-1910; Elmer 12470 (A, BISH, GH, MO, US, syn), Sibuyan: Magallanes (Magdiwang), Mt Giting-giting, May-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Lowland forest. 225m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
17. Elaeocarpus grandiflorus Sm., Cycl. 2 (1809) n.5; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17. Distribution: Indochina, Java, Myanmar, Philippines. BUSUANGA, CULION. Notes: Lowland forests along streams. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
18. Elaeocarpus halconensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 470; Merrill, EPFP 4 (1926) 249; J. Arnold Arb. 32 (1951) 165; Type: BS 40583 Ramos & Edaño (PNH, holo, lost; A, K, L, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Mt Halcon. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Primary forests. 1000-1400m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
19. Elaeocarpus ilocanus Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 418; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: BS 33271 Ramos (K, L, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: Known only from the type (Mark Coode, pers. comm. 5-Aug-16). Forested slopes. 1000m. Conservation status: Data Deficient (IUCN 3.1). Native.
20. Elaeocarpus lagunensis R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 50 (1941) 85; Type: BS 15126 Ramos (B, holo, lost; BM, G, K, L, iso), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, Jun-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, DINAGAT (photos), LUZON: Aurora (photos), Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: 71m (photos) to 405-1200m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. lagunensis. = Elaeocarpus sessilis R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 50 (1941) 87; Type: Merritt PNH 11484 (B, holo, lost; PNH, iso, ?lost), Mindoro. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, MINDORO. Notes: Low to medium elevation primary forests. 405-900m. Native.
    • var. coriaceus Coode, Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 895; Type: Conklin & Buwaya I-1047 in PNH 79636 (K, holo; PNH?, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Banaue, 29-Mar-1963. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: 1200m. Native.
21. Elaeocarpus macranthus Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 38; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: Merrill 2298 (K, iso). = Elaeocarpus apoensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1185; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 14; Type: Elmer 10524 (BO, E, G, K, L, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Benguet, Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, PANAY. Notes: Primary forests. 200-1250m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
22. Elaeocarpus macrocerus (Turcz.) Merr., J. Arnold Arbor. 32 (1951) 183; ≡ Monocera macrocera Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 19 (1846) 494. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDORO, PALAWAN. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • ssp. macrocerus. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Native.
23. Elaeocarpus mandiae Coode, Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 896; Type: Argent 29069 (E, holo; K, PNH, iso), Mindoro: Mt Halcon, 14-Mar-1997. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: 1200-2450m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
24. Elaeocarpus merrittii Merr., PJS 2c (1907) 280; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17. = Elaeocarpus bellus R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49 (1940) 67; Type: Merrill 5582 (G, K, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Quirino, MINDANAO: ?Bukidnon (photos), Davao Oriental, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 900-1500m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
25. Elaeocarpus mindoroensis R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 50 (1941) 86; Type: BS 39814 Ramos (K, L, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO, PANAY. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
26. Elaeocarpus mollis Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 373; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 18; Type: Wenzel 698 (A, BM, G, US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Buenavista near Jaro, 20-Apr-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. 60-500m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
27. Elaeocarpus monocera Cav., Icon. (Cavanilles) 6 (1800) 1; DC., Prodr. 1 (1824) 519; Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 31; Merrill, PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 90; Aug.DC. in Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 637; Merrill, PJS 13c (1918) 29; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 18. = Elaeocarpus megacarpus Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2627; Type: Elmer 14059 (BISH, E, G, K, L, MO, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Apayao (photos), Bataan, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests. (?-)1000m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
28. Elaeocarpus multiflorus (Turcz.) Fern.-Vill., Fl. Filip., 3rd Ed. 4(Nov. App.) (1880) 31; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; ≡ Monocera multiflora Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 19 (1846) 495; Type: Cuming 873 (E, G, K, L, iso). = Elaeocarpus leytensis Merr., PJS 8c (1913) 383; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: Wenzel 212 (E, G, iso). Distribution: Philippines, ?Sulawesi. BALABAC, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, TICAO. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
29. Elaeocarpus murudensis Merr., Sarawak Mus. J. 3 (1928) 527. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: 1900-2400m. Native.
30. Elaeocarpus nervosus Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1176; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 18; Type: Elmer 11566 (BM, E, K, L, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Forests. 1350-1600m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
31. Elaeocarpus nitidus Jack, Malayan Misc. 1 (1820) 41. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: 0-1500m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. nitidus. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. PALAWAN. Notes: Known from Ridsdale 1054; Coode, pers. comm., 7-Aug-2016: but see Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 562. 0-1000m. Native.
32. Elaeocarpus obtusus Blume, Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg (1823) 78. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDORO, PALAWAN. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • ssp. apiculatus (Mast.) Coode, Checkl. Fl. Pl. Gymnosp. Brunei Darussalam (1996) 435; ≡ Elaeocarpus apiculatus Mast., Fl. Brit. India 1 (1874) 407. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
33. Elaeocarpus octopetalus Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 149; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 18; J. Arnold Arb. 32 (1951) 167; Type: Clemens 1148. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: Forests. 750m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
34. Elaeocarpus pedunculatus Wall. ex Mast., Fl. Brit. India 1 (1874) 408; Wall., List (1832) no. 2678, nom. inval., nom. nud. = Elaeocarpus candollei Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1184; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 15; Type: Elmer 12974 (L 2 sheets, NY 2 sheets, E, G, K, US, iso), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (Thumb Peak), Apr-1911. = Elaeocarpus nitidulus R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49 (1940) 67; Type: BS 41234 Ramos (A, K, L, iso), Busuanga Island, Sep-1922. Distribution: Borneo, Java Sea, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BALABAC, BUSUANGA, CAMIGUIN (photos), CEBU, CULION, DINAGAT (photos), LAGEN, LUZON: Camarines Norte, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur (photos), MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Forests. 11-845m (photos) to 1000-1300m to 2280m (photos). Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
35. Elaeocarpus petiolatus (Jack) Wall., Numer. List (1831) n.2673; ≡ Monocera petiolata Jack, Malayan Misc. 1 (1820) 43. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
36. Elaeocarpus ramiflorus Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 43; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 19; Type: BS 15115 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; G, K, L, US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, San Antonio, trail between San Antonio and Piape, in forests, Jun-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Sorsogon, ?MINDORO, ?PANAY. Notes: 1300-1350m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
37. Elaeocarpus samari Weibel, Candollea 35 (1980) 524; Type: PNH 6398 Sulit (L, holo; A, K, iso), Samar: Eastern Samar, Wright, Mt Calbiga. Apr/May-1948. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT (photos), SAMAR. Notes: 29m (photos). Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
38. Elaeocarpus stipularis Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 121. = Elaeocarpus fissistipula Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2) (1859) 210; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16. Distribution: MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: 0-2000m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. brevipes (Merr.) Coode, Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 551; ≡ Elaeocarpus brevipes Merr., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 86 (1922) 327. = Elaeocarpus mindanaensis Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 150; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 18; Type: Clemens 910 (G, iso). Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao. Notes: Forests. 1-900m. Native.
    • var. longipetiolatus (Merr.) Coode, Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 555; ≡ Elaeocarpus longipetiolatus Merr., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 76 (1917) 96. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN, TAWI-TAWI (photos). Notes: 0-50(-750)m. Native.
    • var. nutans (R.Knuth) Coode, Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 553; ≡ Elaeocarpus nutans R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 44 (1938) 131; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. TAWI-TAWI. Notes: 20-100(-760)m. Native.
39. Elaeocarpus submonoceras Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. (1861) 407. Distribution: Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: 0-1600(-2500)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • ssp. procerus (Aug.DC.) Weibel, Kew Bull. 49 (1994) 253; ≡ Elaeocarpus procerus Aug.DC., LPB 2 (1909) 636; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 19; Type: Elmer 10158 (G, holo; BM, K, L, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Primary forest. 1200m. Native.
    • ssp. fusicarpus (Elmer) Weibel, Kew Bull. 49 (1994) 253; ≡ Elaeocarpus fusicarpus Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1174; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: Elmer 10819 (PNH, syn, lost; A, BM, G, K); 10828 (PNH, syn, lost; A, BM, G, K) & 11769 (PNH, syn, lost; A, BM, G, K). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Forested slopes, damp situations. Fl. Mar-Apr, Jun; fr. Sep. (150-)500-1250m. Native.
    • ssp. oliganthus (Merr.) Coode, Kew Bull. 49 (1994) 254; ≡ Elaeocarpus oliganthus Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 42; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 19; Type: FB 13398 Foxworthy, de Mesa & Villamil (PNH, holo, lost; G, K, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Sur, Siay River (near Kabasalan), along the river near sea level. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: L.L.Co: Known only from the type collection. Fl. & fr May. 0m. Native.
40. Elaeocarpus surigaensis Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 28; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 19; Type: FB 26000 Ponce (PNH, holo, lost; K, US, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, near Mabini, in level rich soil at the edge of the forest, c. 50m, 11-May-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao, Surigao del Norte. Notes: Known only from the type (Mark Coode, pers. comm. 5-Aug-16). Lowland forests. 50m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
41. Elaeocarpus trichopetalus Merr. & Quisumb., J. Arnold Arbor. 32 (1951) 169; Type: PNH 10099 Sulit (A, holo; G, K, L 2 sheets, iso), Mindanao: Bukidnon, Mt Kitanglad, mossy forest, 1850m. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Close to Elaeocarpus angustifolius (Mark Coode, pers. comm. 5-Aug-16). 30-1850m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
42. Elaeocarpus triflorus Merr., J. Arnold Arbor. 32 (1951) 170; Type: Escritor BS 20796 (A, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Guinayangan, Mar/Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
43. Elaeocarpus urophyllus Merr. & Quisumb., J. Arnold Arbor. 32 (1951) 171; Type: PNH 6832, Sulit, Samar: Eastern Samar, Mt Calbiga near Wright. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Notes: 300m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
44. Elaeocarpus venosus C.B.Rob., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35 (1908) 71; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 20; Type: R.S. Williams 2002 (BO, K, NY, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Mossy forests on the higher mountains. 1800-2500m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
45. Elaeocarpus verruculosus Aug.DC., LPB 2 (1909) 635; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 20; Type: Elmer 8645 (BM, E, G, K, L, isosyn); Elmer 8734 (G, isosyn). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, SIBUYAN. Notes: Thickets or forests. 1500m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
46. Elaeocarpus verticillatus Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1181; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 20; Type: Elmer 12104 (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; E, G, K, L 2 sheets, MO, NY, U, US, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes (Magdiwang), along wooded streams at 750ft, Mar-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Isabela (photos), Laguna, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, MINDORO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests along streams. 230-600m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Possibly present

1. Elaeocarpus brunnescens R.Knuth, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 44 (1938) 127; Coode, Kew Bull. 56 (2001) 562. Distribution: Borneo, ?Philippines. ?PALAWAN.

Incertae sedis

1. Elaeocarpus baclayanensis Elmer, LPB 4 (1911) 1188; Coode, Kew Bull. 65 (2010) 371; Type: Elmer 10734 (G, lecto), Mindanao: Todaya (Mt Apo), May-1909. Notes: Insufficiently known within the Elaeocarpus angustifolius complex. Native.
2. Elaeocarpus bontocensis Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 27; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 14; Type: Vanoverbergh 3892, Luzon: Mountain Province, Bauco, in forests, c. 1700m, Jan-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Forests. 1700m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
3. Elaeocarpus dolichopetalus Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 372; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 16; Type: Wenzel 897 (PNH, holo, lost; A, G, US, iso), Leyte: Leyte, Buenavista near Jaro, in forests, c. 500m, 13-Jun-1914. Notes: Insufficiently known within the Elaeocarpus angustifolius complex. Native.
4. Elaeocarpus glaber Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 122; Merr., J. Arnold Arb. 32 (1951) 164. Distribution: Java, Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, PALAWAN. Notes: From Sax River. Mark Coode (5-Aug-16): Williams 2134 seems better interpreted as a large-leaved Elaeocarpus cumingii. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
5. Elaeocarpus luzonicus Merr., PJS 4c (1909) 17; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 17; Type: FB 10488 (US, iso), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: Forested slopes. 1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
6. Elaeocarpus subglobosus Merr., PJS 4c (1909) 290; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 19; Type: Williams 1036 (PNH, syn, lost; K, isosyn); Alvarez FB 18317 (PNH, syn, lost), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, 15-Oct-1904. Notes: Insufficiently known within the Elaeocarpus angustifolius complex. Native.

Sloanea L.

1. Sloanea javanica (Miq.) Szyszył. ex K.Schum., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (Engler & Prantl) 3(6) (1890) 5; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 21; ≡ Phoenicospermum javanicum Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 (1865) 68. Distribution: Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, ?Sulawesi. LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, MINDANAO: Lanao, MINDORO. Notes: Low elevation primary forests. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.