Dryopteridaceae

Elaphoglossaceae, Peranemataceae, Bolbitidaceae, Aspidiaceae

Arachniodes Blume

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 11 July 2021
  1. Arachniodes amabilis (Blume) Tindale, Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 3 (1961) 90; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045; ≡ Rumohra amabilis (Blume) Ching, Sinensia 5 (1934) 41; ≡ Aspidium amabile Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 165. Distribution: China, India, Japan, Java, Korea, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Vietnam. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, South Cotabato, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
  2. Arachniodes carvifolia (Kunze) Ching, Acta Bot. Sin. 10 (1962) 256; ≡ Aspidium carvifolium Kunze, Linn. 24 (1851) 292. ≠ Arachniodes aristata auct. non (G.Forst.) Tindale; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 157. Distribution: Australia, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Korea, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Vietnam. LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, Surigao, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS. Native.
  3. Arachniodes cornu-cervi (D.Don) Fraser-Jenk., Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes (2008) 323; ≡ Aspidium cornu-cervi D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 5. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, ?Pacific Ocean, Philippines, ?Thailand, Vietnam. Native.
  4. Arachniodes tripinnata (Goldm.) Sledge, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 5 (1973) 41; ≡ Polystichum tripinnatum Goldm., Nova Acta 19, Suppl. 1 (1843) 463. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Arachniodes coniifolia (T.Moore) Ching, Acta Bot. Sin. 10 (1962) 257; ≡ Lastrea coniifolia T.Moore, Ind. Fil. (1857) 88. = Rumohra wallichii Ching, Sinensia 5 (1934) 56. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, ?Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam.
  2. Arachniodes sledgei Fraser-Jenk., Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes (2008) 323. Distribution: India, ?Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Arthrobotrya J.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 17 June 2019
  1. Arthrobotrya articulata (J.Sm. ex Fée) J.Sm., Hist. Fil. (1875) 141; ≡ Teratophyllum articulatum (J.Sm. ex Fée) Mett. ex Kuhn, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 297; ≡ Polybotrya articulata J.Sm. ex Fée, Acrost. (1845) 74; J.Sm. in Hook., J. Bot. 3 (1841) 401, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Native.

Bolbitis Schott

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 17 September 2023
  1. Bolbitis angustipinna (Hayata) H.Ito, J. Jap. Bot. 14 (1938) 443; ≡ Leptochilus angustipinnus Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5 (1915) 297. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Native.
  2. Bolbitis appendiculata (Willd.) K.Iwats., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 18 (1959) 48; ≡ Egenolfia appendiculata (Willd.) J.Sm., Ferns Brit. For. (1866) 111; ≡ Acrostichum appendiculatum Willd., Sp. Pl. 5 (1810) 114. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BALABAC, LUZON: Abra, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, PALAWAN. Native.
  3. Bolbitis × arguta (Fée) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 47. Distribution: LUZON. Notes: Hennipman doubts whether this fern warrants a separate treatment as a hybrid; it may be close to Edanyoa difformis (=Bolbitis heteroclita). Native.
  4. Bolbitis heteroclita (C.Presl) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. 3 (1934) 48; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045; ≡ Poecilopteris heteroclita (C.Presl) C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 242; ≡ Acrostichum heteroclitum C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1825) 15. = Bolbitis cuspidata (C.Presl) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. 3 (1934) 48; ≡ Nephrodium cuspidatum C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1825) 31. = Bolbitis pseudoscalpturata (Copel.) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 49; ≡ Campium pseudoscalpturatum Copel., PJS 37 (1928) 363. = Bolbitis foxworthyi (Copel.) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 48; ≡ Campium foxworthyi Copel., PJS 37 (1928) 364. = Bolbitis tenuissima (Copel.) Copel., FFP 2 (1960) 259; ≡ Campium tenuissimum Copel., PJS 37 (1928) 364. = Bolbitis membranacea (Copel.) C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 198; ≡ Campium membranaceum Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 307. = Bolbitis edanyoi Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 22. = Bolbitis difformis (Copel.) Knouse, Amer. Fern J. 111 (2021) 149; ≡ Edanyoa difformis Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 22. = Cyrtogonium acuminatum Brack., U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16 (1854) 86. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BABUYAN, BATAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CAMOTES, GENERAL ISLAND, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, ROMBLON, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
  5. Bolbitis inconstans (Copel.) Ching in C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. Tert. (1934) 48; ≡ Leptochilus inconstans (Copel.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (1906) 386; ≡ Gymnopteris inconstans Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 177. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Native.
  6. Bolbitis quoyana (Gaudich.) Ching in C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. Tert. (1934) 49; ≡ Acrostichum quoyanum Gaudich., Voy. Uranie (1827) 306. = Bolbitis enormis (Copel.) C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 197; ≡ Campium enorme Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 307. = Stenosemia dimorpha Copel., PJS 84 (1955) 161. Distribution: Australia, Bismarck Arch, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.
  7. Bolbitis repanda (Blume) Schott, Gen. Fil. ad (1834) t.14; ≡ Acrostichum repandum Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. (1828) 104. Distribution: Borneo, Lesser Sunda Isls, ?Nepal, Philippines, Sulawesi. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Native.
  8. Bolbitis rhizophylla (Kaulf.) Hennipman, Blumea 18 (1970) 148; ≡ Egenolfia rhizophylla (Kaulf.) Fée, Mém. Foug. 5 (1852) 48; ≡ Gymnogramma rhizophylla Kaulf., Enum. Fil. (1824) 78. = Bolbitis serrulata (J.Sm. ex Fée) K.Iwats., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 18 (1959) 49. = Egenolfia intermedia (J.Sm. ex Fée) Fée, Gen. (1852) 308; ≡ Polybotrya intermedia J.Sm. ex Fée, Mém. Foug. (1845) 76; J.Sm. in Hook., J. Bot. 3 (1841) 401, nom. inval., nom. nud. = Egenolfia fluviatilis Copel., PJS 38 (1929) 152. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BALABAC, LUBANG, LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, La Union, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MARINDUQUE, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.
  9. Bolbitis scalpturata (Fée) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. 3 (1934) 50; ≡ Heteroneuron scalpturatum Fée, Mém. Foug. (1845) 95. Distribution: China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Native.
  10. Bolbitis sinuata (C.Presl) Hennipman, Blumea 18 (1970) 148; ≡ Polypodium sinuatum C.Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1825) 21. = Bolbitis malaccensis (C.Chr.) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 49. = Bolbitis diversifolia (Blume) Schott, Gen. ad (1834) t.14; ≡ Acrostichum diversifolium Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. (1828) 103. = Bolbitis subsimplex (Fée) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 50; ≡ Gymnopteris subsimplex Fée, (Acrost.) 2e mém. 83 (1845) t.40. = Bolbitis hydrophylla (Copel.) Ching, Index Filic., Suppl. Tertium pro Annis 1917-1933 (1934) 48; ≡ Leptochilus hydrophyllus Copel., PJS 1 (Suppl. 2) (1906) 146. = Leptochilus stolonifer Christ, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6 (1906) 1004; Type: from Luzon: Rizal, Angilog. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. ALABAT, BASILAN, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Bataan, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Native.
  11. Bolbitis × sinuosa (Fée) Copel., FFP 2 (1960) 262; ≡ Heteroneuron sinuosum Fée, Mém. Foug., 2. Hist. Acrostich. (1845) 95; ≡ Cyrtogonium sinuosum J.Sm., J. Bot. 8 (1841) 403, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Type: Cuming 105 (W, lecto; B, BM, K, MICH, US, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna and Tayabas, Mt Cristobal. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, POLILLO. Native.
    • var. foxii (Copel.) Hennipman, Monogr. Fern Gen. Bolbitis (Leiden Bot. Ser. 2) (1977) 299; ≡ Bolbitis × foxii Copel., PJS, Bot. 81 (1952) 22; Type: Fox 328 (PNH 8904) (PNH, iso), Polillo, Bordios. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, POLILLO. Native.
    • var. sinuosa. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Native.

Excluded

  1. Bolbitis feeiana (Copel.) Fraser-Jenk. & Gandhi, Indian Fern J. 35(1-2): 114 (2018). = Bolbitis presliana (Fée) Ching, Ind. Fil., Suppl. 3 (1934) 49. Notes: This taxon from India does not occur in the Philippines nor anywhere in Malesia. Included in Copeland’s treatment in FFP 2 (1960) 260 as Bolbitis presliana.

Ctenitis (C.Chr.) C.Chr.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 10 September 2023
  1. Ctenitis aciculata (Baker) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8 (1938) 292; ≡ Nephrodium aciculatum Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22 (1886) 226. Distribution: Borneo, Java, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
  2. Ctenitis atrorubens Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 29. ≠ Ctenitis vilis auct. non (Kunze) Ching; Copel. (1960), pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Notes: Only known from the type. Native.
  3. Ctenitis boholensis Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 18. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL. Native.
  4. Ctenitis bulusanica Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 19. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon. Native.
  5. Ctenitis decurrentipinnata (Ching) Tardieu & C.Chr., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7 (1938) 86; ≡ Dryopteris decurrentipinnata Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 2 (1931) 195. Distribution: China, Philippines, Vietnam. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan. Native.
  6. Ctenitis eatonii (Baker) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8 (1938) 291; ≡ Nephrodium eatonii Baker in Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. (1867) 276. Distribution: China, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Vietnam. BATAN. Notes: Known from the Philippines from Barcelona 981 (PNH). Native.
  7. Ctenitis erythradenia Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 29. ≠ Ctenitis vilis auct. non (Kunze) Ching; Copel. (1960), pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Laguna, Pangasinan, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
  8. Ctenitis humilis Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 22. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, MINDORO. Native.
  9. Ctenitis paleolata Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 24. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: c. 2400m. Known only from the type collection. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  10. Ctenitis pallens (Brack.) M.G.Price, Kalikasan 12 (1983) 155; ≡ Lastrea pallens Brack., Wilkes. Expl. Exp. Bot. (1854) 197. = Ctenitis rizalensis (Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 125; ≡ Dryopteris rizalensis Christ, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6 (1906) 1001. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Batangas, Laguna, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial under moist forest shade, 400-1200m. Native.
  11. Ctenitis propinqua (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) Copel., Blumea 31 (1985) 18; ≡ Lastrea propinqua J.Sm. ex C.Presl, Abh. Kön. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5 6 (1851) 38. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Batangas, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
  12. Ctenitis setosa (C.Presl) Holttum, Novit. Bot. Univ. Carol. 1968 (1969) 20; ≡ Lastrea setosa C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5 6 (1851) 400. ≠ Ctenitis vilis auct. non (Kunze) Ching; Copel. (1960), pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
  13. Ctenitis silvatica Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 20. ≠ Ctenitis vilis auct. non (Kunze) Ching; Copel. (1960), pro parte. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. BASILAN, BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Batangas, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
  14. Ctenitis subglandulosa (Hance) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8 (1938) 302; ≡ Alsophila subglandulosa Hance, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 5 (1866) 253. = Ctenitis rhodolepis (C.B.Clarke) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8 (1938) 300; ≡ Nephrodium rhodolepis C.B.Clarke, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1 (1880) 526. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY. Native.
  15. Ctenitis subobscura (Christ) Holttum, Fern Gaz. 12 (1984) 320; ≡ Phegopteris subobscura Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier 6 (1898) 836. Distribution: Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Native.

Excluded

  1. Ctenitis subconnexa (Christ) Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 17. Notes: A mislocalization to the Philippines by Holttum (1991). The locality Batjan is in Halmahera (of the Moluccas).
    • var. subconnexa.
    • var. alstonii Holttum, Blumea 31 (1985) 17.

Cyrtomium C.Presl

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 20 July 2019
  1. Cyrtomium caryotideum (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 86; ≡ Polystichum falcatum var. caryotideum (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) Matsum., Index Pl. Jap. 1 (1904) 342; ≡ Phanerophlebia caryotidea (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 111; ≡ Aspidium caryotideum Wall. ex Hook. & Grev., Ic. Fil. (1828) t.69. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, Pacific Ocean, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Tibet, Vietnam. Notes: Philippine record based on a sterile specimen by Mearns from Mt Sto. Tomas (Copeland, FFP 2 (1960) 248). Native.
  2. Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 86; ≡ Polystichum falcatum (L.f.) Diels, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (1899) 194; ≡ Phanerophlebia falcata (L.f.) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 111; ≡ Polypodium falcatum L.f., Suppl. Pl. (1781) 446. Native.
    • ssp. falcatum. Distribution: China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Vietnam. Notes: Philippine record based on a Loher collection from Mt Data [Copeland, FFP 2 (1960) 248] at the turn of the 1900s. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Cyrtomium fortunei J.Sm., Ferns Brit. For. (1866) 286. = Cyrtomium fortunei forma latipinna Ching, Ic. Fil. Sin. 3 (1935) t.126. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Korea, ?Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga.

Dryopteris Adans.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 3 September 2023
  1. Dryopteris alpina Rosenst., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12 (1913) 173. = Stenolepia tristis (Blume) Alderw., Bull. Dept. Agric. Indes Neerl. 27 (1909) 46 t. 7; ≡ Aspidium triste Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 169; Type: from Java. Distribution: Borneo, Java, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato. Notes: 2300-2900m. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11 as Stenolepia tristis). Native.
  2. Dryopteris cacaina Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6 (1937) 155. Distribution: Japan, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
  3. Dryopteris chrysocoma (Christ) C.Chr., Index Filic. 5 (1905) 257; ≡ Aspidium filix-mas var. chrysocoma Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier 6 (1898) 966. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  4. Dryopteris cochleata (D.Don) C.Chr., Index Filic. 5 (1905) 258; ≡ Nephrodium cochleatum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 6. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao, Mountain Province. Native.
  5. Dryopteris formosana (Christ) C.Chr., Index Filic. 5 (1905) 266; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 157; ≡ Aspidium formosanum Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4 (1904) 615. Distribution: China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. LUZON: Abra, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Kalinga-Apayao, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Native.
  6. Dryopteris hasseltii (Blume) C.Chr., Index Filic. 5 (1905) 269; ≡ Arachniodes hasseltii (Blume) Ching, Acta Bot. Sin. 10 (1962) 258; ≡ Rumohra hasseltii (Blume) Ching, Sinensia 5 (1934) 61; ≡ Polypodium hasseltii Blume, Fl. Jav. Fil. (1829) 195. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, China, India, Java, ?Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, SAMAR. Native.
  7. Dryopteris hendersonii (Bedd.) C.Chr., Index Filic. 5 (1905) 270; Chen et al., Phytotaxa 443 (2020) 132; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045; ≡ Nothoperanema hendersonii (Bedd.) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11 (1966) 28; ≡ Lastrea hendersonii Bedd., Suppl. Ferns S. Ind. (1876) 17; Type: from India. = Ctenitis mearnsii Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 24; Type: Mearns BS 4216 (MICH, lecto), Luzon: Benguet, Haight’s in the Oaks, 1907. Distribution: Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, South Cotabato. Notes: Terrestrial in mossy forest, 2100-2750m. Native.
  8. Dryopteris hirtipes (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813; ≡ Aspidium hirtipes Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 148. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, South Cotabato. Native.
  9. Dryopteris manipurensis (Bedd.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (1905) 276; ≡ Dryopsis manipurensis (Bedd.) Holttum & P.J.Edwards, Kew Bull. 41 (1986) 200; ≡ Ctenitis manipurensis (Bedd.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8 (1938) 297; ≡ Polypodium manipurense Bedd., J. Bot. (1888) 235. = Ctenitis copelandii (Christ) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 124; ≡ Dryopteris copelandii Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 216. Distribution: India, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province. Native.
  10. Dryopteris nodosa (C.Presl) Li Bing Zhang, Taxon 61 (2012) 1208; ≡ Acrophorus nodosus C.Presl, Tent. Pterid. (1836) 94. = Acrophorus stipellatus T.Moore, Gard. Chron. (1854) 135. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Japan, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
  11. Dryopteris peranema Li Bing Zhang, Taxon 61 (2012) 1211. = Dryopteris zhuweimingii Li Bing Zhang, Taxon 61(6) (2012) 1211; ≡ Peranema cyatheoides var. luzonicum (Copel.) Ching & S.H.Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 21 (1983) 373; ≡ Peranema luzonicum Copel., PJS 4 (1909) 111, as 'luzonica'; Type: Curran, Merritt & Zschokke 16280 (US, lecto), Luzon: Benguet: Mt Pulag, Jan-1909. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (DAO 2017-11, as Dryopteris zhuweimingii). Native.
  12. Dryopteris permagna M.G.Price, Gard. Bull. Singapore 30 (1977) 249. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Mountain Province, MINDANAO: South Cotabato. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  13. Dryopteris polita Rosenst., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13 (1914) 218. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, China, Japan, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  14. Dryopteris pseudocaenopteris (Kunze) Li Bing Zhang, Taxon 61 (2012) 1209; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 157; ≡ Diacalpe pseudocaenopteris Kunze, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 4 (1846) 457. = Peranema aspidioides (Blume) Mett., Fil. Lechl. 2 (1859) 33; ≡ Diacalpe aspidioides Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 241. Distribution: Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, NEGROS. Native.
  15. Dryopteris pulvinulifera (Bedd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 213; ≡ Lastrea pulvinulifera Bedd., Ferns Brit. India (1870) t.333. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ilocos Norte. Native.
  16. Dryopteris purpurascens (Blume) Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 213; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045; ≡ Aspidium purpurascens Blume, Enum. Fil. (1828) 169. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
  17. Dryopteris sparsa (D.Don) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813; ≡ Nephrodium sparsum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 6. Distribution: BATAN, CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Sarangani, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Native.
    • ssp. rectipinnula Fraser-Jenk., Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes (2008) 320. Distribution: Australia, Bhutan, Borneo, ?Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Java, ?Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, ?Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, PALAWAN. Native.
  18. Dryopteris subarborea (Baker) C.Chr., Index Filic. (1905) 295; ≡ Polypodium subarboreum Baker, J. Linn. Soc. 24 (1887) 259. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Batangas, Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.
  19. Dryopteris subtriangularis (C.Hope) C.Chr., Index Filic. 5 (1905) 296; ≡ Nephrodium subtriangulare C.Hope, J. Bot. 28 (1890) 327. = Dryopteris uropinna M.G.Price, Gard. Bull. Singapore 30 (1977) 244. ≠ Dryopteris erythrosora auct. non (D.C.Eaton) Kuntze; Copel. (1960). Distribution: China, India, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Abra, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province. Native.
  20. Dryopteris varia (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 814; ≡ Polypodium varium L., Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 1090. Distribution: China, India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon. Native.
  21. Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl., Bot. Not. (1953) 352; ≡ Aspidium wallichianum Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4 (1827) 104. Distribution: LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
    • ssp. wallichiana. = Dryopteris paleacea (Lag. ex Sw.) C.Chr., Amer. Fern J. 1 (1911) 94, nom. illeg., non Hand.-Mazz. Distribution: Africa, America, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Java, Middle East, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Vietnam. Native.

Elaphoglossum Schott ex J.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 1 September 2023
  1. Elaphoglossum angulatum (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. 5 (1857) 351; ≡ Acrostichum angulatum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 101. Distribution: Africa, Borneo, China, India, Indian Ocean, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. Native.
  2. Elaphoglossum apoense Holttum, Blumea 14 (1966) 320. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao del Sur. Native.
  3. Elaphoglossum blumeanum (Fée) J.Sm., Ferns Brit. For. (1866) 106. = Elaphoglossum copelandii Christ, PJS 2 (1907) 176. = Elaphoglossum blumeanum var. philippinense Christ ex Holttum, Flora Malesiana Series II, 1 (1978) 311. ≠ ?Elaphoglossum petiolatum auct. non (Sw.) Urb.; Coritico et al., PJS 149 (2020) 778. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Sarangani, Zamboanga, NEGROS. Native.
  4. Elaphoglossum calanasanicum Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 196. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet. Notes: Only known from the type. Native.
  5. Elaphoglossum callifolium (Blume) J.Sm., Bot. Mag. 72(Companion) (1846) 17; ≡ Acrostichum callifolium Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 100. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, ?Vietnam. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
  6. Elaphoglossum luzonicum Copel., LPB 1 (1907) 235. = Elaphoglossum elmeri Copel., LPB 3 (1910) 849. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Native.
  7. Elaphoglossum melanostictum (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1862) 361; ≡ Acrostichum melanostictum Blume, Fl. Javae (1829) 26. = Elaphoglossum basilanicum Copel., PJS 11 (1916) 41. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
  8. Elaphoglossum negrosensis Holttum, Blumea 14 (1966) 323. ≠ Elaphoglossum angulatum auct. non (Blume) T.Moore; Copel. (1960), pro parte. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS. Notes: Only known from the type. Native.
  9. Elaphoglossum ophioglossoides (Goldm.) Holttum, Kalikasan 3 (1974) 197; ≡ Acrostichum ophioglossoides Goldm., Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 19 Suppl. 1 (1843) 451. = Elaphoglossum merrillii Christ, PJS 3 (1908) 275. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.

Lastreopsis Ching

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona, 11 September 2022
  1. Lastreopsis tenera (R.Br.) Tindale, Victoria Naturalist 73 (1957) 181; ≡ Nephrodium tenerum R.Br., Prodr. (1810) 149. = Ctenitis recedens (J.Sm. ex T.Moore) Copel., Gen. Fil. (1947) 124; ≡ Polypodium recedens J.Sm. in Hook., J. Bot. 3 (1841) 394, nom. inval., nom. nud; ≡ Lastrea recedens J.Sm. ex T.Moore, Gard. Chr. (1855) 708. Distribution: Australia, India, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal. Native.

Lomagramma J.Sm.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 7 September 2020
  1. Lomagramma brooksii Copel., PJS 3 (1908) 345. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. BATAN, LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO. Native.
  2. Lomagramma copelandii Holttum, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 9 (1937) 201. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. BATAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, Surigao, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
  3. Lomagramma merrillii Holttum, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 9 (1937) 208. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
  4. Lomagramma pteroides J.Sm., J. Bot. (Hooker) 3 (1841) 402. = Lomagramma subcoriacea Copel., PJS 40 (1929) 308. = Lomagramma pedicellata Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 23. = Lomagramma cordata Copel., PJS 84 (1955) 162. Distribution: Moluccas, Philippines. BILIRAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CEBU, JOLO, LUZON: Batangas, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Native.

Pleocnemia C.Presl

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 19 September 2023
  1. Pleocnemia brongniartii (Bory) Holttum, Kew Bull. 29 (1974) 350; ≡ Arcypteris brongniartii (Bory) Holttum, Reinwardtia 1 (1951) 195; ≡ Tectaria irregularis var. brongniartii (Bory) Copel., PJS 2 c (1907) 417, as 'brogniartii'; ≡ Polypodium brongniartii Bory, Voy. Monde 1 (1828) 263. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, La Union, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga Sibugay, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, ROMBLON, SIBUYAN. Native.
  2. Pleocnemia conjugata (Blume) C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5 6 (1851) 619; ≡ Aspidium conjugatum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 169. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, PALAWAN. Native.
  3. Pleocnemia cumingiana C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5 6 (1851) 410. ≠ Tectaria leuzeana auct. non (Gaudich.) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 310, pro parte. Distribution: ?Bangladesh, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. BALABAC, BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Batangas, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Native.
  4. Pleocnemia hemiteliiformis (Racib.) Holttum, Reinwardtia 1 (1951) 179. = Pleocnemia leuzeana var. hemiteliiformis Racib., Pteridoph. Buitenzorg (1898) 194. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Notes: J.F. Barcelona (19-Sep-23): Known from the Philippines from Elmer 10547 (F, GH, NY, US) from Mt Apo. Native.
  5. Pleocnemia irregularis (C.Presl) Holttum, Kew Bull. 29 (1974) 347; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 159; ≡ Arcypteris irregularis (C.Presl) Ching, Sunyatsenia 5 (1940) 251; ≡ Tectaria irregularis (C.Presl) Copel., PJS 2 c (1907) 416; ≡ Polypodium irregulare C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1825) 25. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, BILIRAN, BOHOL, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CULION, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
  6. Pleocnemia macrodonta (C.Presl ex Fée) Holttum, Kew Bull. 29 (1974) 348; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 159; ≡ Arcypteris macrodonta (C.Presl ex Fée) Holttum, Reinwardtia 1 (1951) 194; ≡ Dictyopteris macrodonta C.Presl ex Fée, Gen. Fil. (1852) 267. ≠ Tectaria irregularis auct. non (C.Presl) Copel.; Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 2 (1960) 309, pro parte. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. ALABAT, BABUYAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, ROMBLON, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
  7. Pleocnemia presliana Holttum, Reinwardtia 1 (1951) 183. ≠ Pleocnemia leuzeana auct. non (Gaudich.) C.Presl; Rufila et al., Ruhuna J. Science 13 (2022) 159. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. BOHOL, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Sarangani, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Terrestrial, usually in partly shaded area, near sea-level to at least 400m. Native.

Polystichum Roth

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona & Pieter B. Pelser, 5 November 2023
  1. Polystichum biaristatum (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1858) 86; ≡ Aspidium biaristatum Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 164. = Polystichum aquilinum Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 20. Distribution: Bangladesh, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, NEGROS, PANAY. Native.
  2. Polystichum copelandii Christ, PJS 2 c (1907) 157. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Native.
  3. Polystichum deltodon (Baker) Diels, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (1899) 191; ≡ Aspidium deltodon Baker, Gard. Chr. n. s. 14 (1810) 494. Distribution: China, Japan, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Vietnam. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, PANAY (photos). Native.
  4. Polystichum elmeri Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 21; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, NEGROS. Native.
  5. Polystichum fuscum Copel., PJS 81 (1952) 20. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
  6. Polystichum moluccense (Blume) T.Moore, Index Fil. (1858) 84; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045; ≡ Aspidium moluccense Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 2 (1828) 168. = Polystichum horizontale C.Presl, Epim. Bot. (1849) 57; Delos Angeles et al. in Ramamoorthy et al., Plant Diversity in Biocultural Landscapes (2023) 224. = Polystichum nudum Copel., PJS 1 (Suppl. 2) (1906) 145. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea, ?Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11, as Polystichum nudum Copel.). Native.
  7. Polystichum nepalense (Spreng.) C.Chr., Index Filic. 10 (1905) 84; ≡ Aspidium nepalense Spreng., Syst. 4 (1827) 97. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya. Native.
  8. Polystichum obliquum (D.Don) T.Moore, Index Fil. 87 (1858) 98; ≡ Aspidium obliquum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 3. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
  9. Polystichum obtusum J.Sm. ex C.Presl, Epim. Bot. (1849) 53; J.Sm., J. Bot. 3 (1841) 412, nom. inval., nom. nud. = Polystichum edanoi Copel., PJS 83 (1954) 97. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Rizal, Zambales. Native.
  10. Polystichum piceopaleaceum Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5 (1936) 255. = Polystichum doianum Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5 (1936) 256. = Polystichum pulogense Copel., 81 PJS (1952) 19. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tibet. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Polystichum grandifrons C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. 3 (1934) 163. Distribution: China, India, Japan, ?Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam.
  2. Polystichum manmeiense (Christ) Nakaike, Misc. Publ. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo (1982) 141; ≡ Aspidium manmeiense Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier 6 (1898) 965. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, ?Philippines, Taiwan, Tibet.

Teratophyllum Mett.

Last edited by Julie F. Barcelona, 7 September 2020
  1. Teratophyllum aculeatum (Blume) Mett. ex Kuhn, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 296; Galope-Obemio et al., J. Threatened Taxa 14 (2022) 22045; ≡ Lomaria aculeata Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 205. Distribution: BOHOL, GENERAL ISLAND, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao del Sur, Misamis, South Cotabato, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
    • var. aculeatum. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Native.
  2. Teratophyllum arthropteroides (Christ) Holttum, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 5 (1932) 303; ≡ Stenochlaena arthropteroides Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 6 (1906) 998. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
  3. Teratophyllum koordersii Holttum, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 5 (1932) 301. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Surigao del Norte, SAMAR. Native.
  4. Teratophyllum leptocarpum (Fée) Holttum, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 9 (1937) 143; ≡ Lomariopsis leptocarpa Fée, Mém. Foug. (1845) 69. Distribution: Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. BASILAN, LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, NCR, Pampanga, Quezon, Zambales, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
  5. Teratophyllum luzonicum Holttum, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 5 (1932) 297. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Pampanga, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Native.

References