Dilleniaceae

Dillenia L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 17 January 2021
  1. Dillenia cauliflora Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 517; EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Type: BS 1695 Ramos (PNH, holo, ?lost; BM, BRI, BO, CAL, G, L, MO, NY, P, SING, US, iso). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO, SAMAR. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  2. Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Martelli ex Gilg in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3, 6 (1893) 123; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Hoogl., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 169. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BALABAC. Native.
  3. Dillenia fischeri Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 518; EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 27; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 161; Type: FB 20534 Miranda (P, lecto; BM, K, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, near Butuan, 3-Sep-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon. Notes: Known only from two collections from the type locality. Semi-open forests, c. 20m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  4. Dillenia indica L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 535; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 108; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 171; Type: Illustration from Rheede, Hort. Mal. 3 (1683) 39-42, t. 38-39. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Sumatra, Thailand. Notes: Naturalized in the Philippines where it is a cultivated as an ornamental tree. Naturalized.
  5. Dillenia luzoniensis (S.Vidal) Merr., PJS 1 (Suppl.) (1906) 95; EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 93; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 168; ≡ Wormia luzoniensis S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 36; Type: Vidal 3 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; FI, K, MA, isolecto), Luzon: Zambales. = Dillenia diantha Hoogland, Blumea 7 (1952) 57; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 165; Type: Whitford 1320 (NY, holo; G, K, P, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Rizal, Zambales, PALAWAN. Notes: Low elevation forests along riverbanks. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  6. Dillenia marsupialis Hoogland, Blumea 7 (1952) 66; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 162; Type: BS 75247 Ramos & Edaño (NY, holo; CAL, SING, P, UC, iso), Catanduanes: Mt Abucay. = Dillenia ochreata auct. non Martelli; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 61. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Tayabas, PANAY. Notes: In forests, up to 1200m. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  7. Dillenia megalantha Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 519; EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Hoogl., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 163; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 61; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 163; Type: BS 17581 Ramos (PNH, holo, ?lost; BM, lecto; K, P, US, isolecto). = Dillenia mindanaensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2611; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Type: Elmer 11883 (A, iso; BM, BO, CAL, E, G, K, L, MO, NY, US), Mindanao, Davao, Mt Apo (Todaya). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Quezon, Sorsogon, Tayabas, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, SAMAR. Notes: In primary forests, up to 1000m, often on riverbanks. Native.
  8. Dillenia monantha Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 321; EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 102; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 170; Type: Merrill 9237 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; A, BM, BO, CAL, F, GH, K, MO, NY, P, SING, US, isolecto), Palawan: Taytay. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUSUANGA, CULION, DUMARAN, PALAWAN. Notes: Dry secondary forests and open grasslands at low elevation. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  9. Dillenia papyracea Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 520; EPFP 3 (1923) 61; Hoogl., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 158; Type: BS 16339 Reillo (K, US, iso), Basilan. = Dillenia megalophylla Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 421; EPFP 3 (1923) 60; Type: BS 33034 Ramos (A, K, P, US, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Bangui to Claveria. = Dillenia pteropoda auct. non (Miq.) Hoogland; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 28; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 143, pro parte (typ. excl.). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO: Lanao, Zamboanga. Notes: In lowland primary forests. Native.
  10. Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 307; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 331; EPFP 3 (1923) 61; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 62; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 164; Type: Vidal 4 (K, holo; FI, L, iso), Panay: Iloilo prov. = Dillenia catmon Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2610; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 59; Type: Elmer 13564 (A, BM, BO, C, CAL, E, FI, G, GH, K, L, MO, NY 2 sheets, P, U, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta. = Dillenia bolsteri Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 305; EPFP 3 (1923) 59; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 54; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 165; Type: Bolster 311 (PNH, holo, lost); BS 34784 Ramos & Pascasio (L, neo; A, BM, BO, K, P, US, isoneo), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, BASILAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CEBU, GUIMARAS, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, La Union, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Tayabas, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, PARASAN, POLILLO, SAMAR, TABLAS, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Widespread but absent from Palawan. Native.
    • var. philippinensis. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CEBU, GUIMARAS, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, La Union, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, PANAY, POLILLO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Common in lowland and medium elevation forests, exceptionally ascending to 1800 and 2000m. Also commonly cultivated as shade tree and for its edible fruits. Native.
    • var. pubifolia Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 61; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 65; Type: FB 30393 Siriban (NY, neo; BM, K, UC, US, isoneo), Luzon: Isabela, San Mariano. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela, MINDANAO: Surigao, Zamboanga. Notes: None of the specimens cited by Merrill in the original protologue seen by Hoogland and are all probably lost. Native.
  11. Dillenia reifferscheidia Fern.-Vill., Nov. App. (1880) 3; Naves in Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3 (1877-83) t. 344; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 61; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 68; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 162; Type: Haenke, s.n. (PR). = Dillenia reifferscheidia var. rosea Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3079; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 61; Type: Elmer 18025 (A, C, CAL, FI, G, GH, K, L, MO, NY, P, S, U, UC, US, iso), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: In primary and secondary forests, particularly in more humid regions, up to 1000m. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  12. Dillenia sibuyanensis (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 62; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 99; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 170; ≡ Wormia sibuyanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1772; Type: Elmer 12087 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; A, BM, BO, CAL, E, FI, G, GH, K, MO, NA, NY, P, US, isolecto), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Scattered along forested riverbanks, from about sea-level to 300m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  13. Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff.) Martelli in Becc., Malesia 3 (1886) 163; Hoogl., Blumea 7 (1952) 70; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 162; ≡ Wormia suffruticosa Griff., Not. 4 (1854) 706; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra. Notes: Naturalized in the Philippines and Java where it is cultivated as an ornamental treelet. Naturalized.

Tetracera L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 10 September 2022
  1. Tetracera akara (Burm.f.) Merr., PJS 19 (1921) 366; Hoogl., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 146; ≡ Calophyllum akara Burm.f., Fl. Indica (1768) 121. Distribution: Borneo, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BASILAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  2. Tetracera fagifolia Blume, Bijdr. 1 (1825) 4; Hoogl., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 148. Distribution: CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, PALAWAN. Native.
    • var. fagifolia. = Tetracera philippinensis Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 375; EPFP 3 (1923) 58. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
  3. Tetracera korthalsii Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 4 (1868) 75. Distribution: MINDORO, PALAWAN. Native.
    • var. subrotunda (Elmer) Hoogland, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 147, as 'subrotunda'; ≡ Tetracera subrotundata Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1771; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 59. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Climber in lowland primary forest. Native.
  4. Tetracera scandens (L.) Merr., Interpret. Herb. Amboin. (1917) 365; EPFP 3 (1923) 59; Hoogl., Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1951) 143, excl. synonyms Delima sarmentosa L. & Tetracera sarmentosa (L.) Vahl; ≡ Tragia scandens L., Herb. Amboin. (1754) 18. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. Native.

References