Cornaceae

Alangiaceae

Alangium Lam.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 1 September 2024
  1. Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 15 (1897) 24; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 240; Bloembergen, Blumea 1 (1935) 255; ≡ Stylidium chinense Lour., Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 221. Distribution: Africa, China, India, Indochina, Japan, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet. BOHOL (photos), CEBU (photos), LUZON: Batangas, Camarines Sur, Cavite (photos), Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Pampanga (photos), Rizal, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: South Cotabato (photos), Sultan Kudarat (photos), MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN. Notes: Mainly in primary lowland forests, usually near forest edges, sometimes occurring at high elevation. 64-400m (photos). Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Alangium frutescens Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. (Zollinger) 1 (1854) 63; Type: from Java. Distribution: BALABAC, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: (?-)700m. Native.
    • var. palawanense W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes, Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 44 (2016) 79; Type: Ridsdale SMHI 1506 (L, holo; L, iso), Palawan: Pagdanan Range, Ibangley Brookside Hill, 22-Apr-1984. ≠ Alangium salviifolium ssp. hexapetalum auct. non (Lam.) Wangerin; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 241. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. (?-)700m. Native.
  3. Alangium longiflorum Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 319; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 240; Bloembergen, Blumea 1 (1935) 253; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 16 (1939) 159; Type: FB 14773 Darling (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; BO, K, isolecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Malueg, on slopes along streams, c. 60m, 16-Apr-1909. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. CATANDUANES (photos), LEYTE, LUZON: Albay (photos), Apayao, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental (photos), South Cotabato, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos), SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevation, sometimes along streams. 60m to 500m (photos). Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Other Threatened Species. Native.
    • var. brachyanthum (Merr.) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes, Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 44 (2016) 82; ≡ Alangium brachyanthum Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 319; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 240; Bloembergen, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 16 (1939) 162; Type: FB 1034 Curran (PNH, holo, lost; NY, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Pagsalam, in beach forest, 5m, 9-Apr-1908. Distribution: ?Moluccas, ?New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Forests along seashore. 5m. Native.
    • var. longiflorum. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Philippines. Native.
  4. Alangium meyeri Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 54; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 241; De Wilde & Duyfjes, Blumea 62 (2017) 37; ≡ Alangium javanicum var. meyeri (Merr.) Berhaman, Sandakania 4 (1994) 34; Tree Fl. Sabah & Sarawak 1 (1995) 10; Type: FB 2284 Meyer (PNH, holo, lost; BO, lecto; B, K, NY, S, SING, US, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, Mt Mariveles, Dec-1904. = Alangium tutela Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 61 (1912) 10; Type: from Singapore. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela (photos), Sorsogon, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PANAY, POLILLO. Notes: Throughout Luzon; lowland and medium elevation primary forests. 0-1000(-1500)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
    • var. meyeri. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra. Notes: 0-1000(-1500)m. Native.
  5. Alangium pilosum Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 417; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 241; De Wilde & Duyfjes, Blumea 62 (2017) 79; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 15; ≡ Alangium villosum ssp. pilosum (Merr.) Bloemb., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 3rd Sér. 16 (1939) 205; Type: FB 3307 Ahern’s Collector (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Sep-1905. = Alangium pilosum var. subglabrum Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 418; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 241; Type: FB 23399 Contreras (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; K, isolecto), Negros: ?Negros Occidental, rocky places on slopes, c. 300m, 14-Jul-1914. Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan (photos), Ilocos Norte, Laguna (photos), Rizal, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Medium elevation forests. 15-900m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Possibly present

  1. Alangium kurzii Craib, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911 (1911) 60; Bloembergen, Blumea 1 (1935) 262; Type: from Thailand. = Alangium chinense ssp. tomentosum var. vulgare (Wangerin) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 240. = Alangium chinense var. tomentosum (Blume) Merr., PJS 21 (1922) 505; ≡ Diacicarpium tomentosum Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826) 657. Distribution: Borneo, China, Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, ?Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. ?MINDANAO: ?Lanao del Sur. Notes: Forests, c. 650m. Note by P.B. Pelser (18-Jan-20): not reported from the Philippines by Bloembergen (1935).
  2. Alangium ridleyi King, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 71 (1902) 78; De Wilde & Duyfles, Blumea 62 (2017) 45; Type: from Singapore (lecto). Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand. ?MINDANAO: ?Zamboanga del Norte. Notes: Note by Pieter B. Pelser & Kean Roe Mazo (9-May-21): The photos presented here are of a specimen that is part of the Alangium oblongum species complex and blurs the distinction between the three species in this complex, i.e. Alangium meyeri, Alangium oblongum, and Alangium ridleyi. Its leaves are quite a bit larger than those of Alangium meyeri and also has more robust twigs, and in fact seem to match those of A. ridleyi better. Also the petals seem a bit too large for Alangium meyeri. However, the plant does not match Alangium ridleyi well in some of the flower characters: its anthers seem considerably smaller and the length of the styles matches Alangium meyeri better than Alangium ridleyi and Alangium oblongum. Perhaps it would be better to adopt a more broadly delimited Alangium ridleyi of which Alangium meyeri and Alangium oblongum would be considered synonyms.

References