Celastraceae

Hippocrateaceae, Stackhousiaceae

Arnicratea N.Hallé

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 September 2022
  1. Arnicratea grahamii (Wight) N.Hallé, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 6 (1984) 14; ≡ Reissantia grahamii (Wight) Ding Hou, Blumea 12 (1963) 33; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 402; ≡ Hippocratea grahamii Wight, Ill. Ind. Bot. (Madras) 1 (1839) 134; Type: from India. = Hippocratea ellipticarpa Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 275; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 485. = Hippocratea megalocarpa Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 20; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 486. = Kokoona luzoniensis Merr., PJS 27 (1925) 32; Merrill, EPFP 4 (1926) 252; Type: Loher 13391, Luzon: Oriud, May-1915. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, India, Java, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Laguna, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. 0-700m. Native.

Celastrus L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 29 September 2025
  1. Celastrus paniculatus Willd., Sp. Pl., 4th Ed. 1 (1798) 1125; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 301; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. Ser. 1, 6 (1962) 235. = Celastrus polybotrys Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31 (1858) 449; Type: Cuming 1324 (L, NY 2 sheets, iso), not 1321 as indicated in the original description. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. BILIRAN, BOHOL, CEBU (photos), GUIMARAS, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao Oriental, MINDORO, NEGROS (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: 200-1800m. Native.
  2. Celastrus wallichii G.Don, Gen. Hist. 2 (1832) 8; Mondal et al., Nordic J. Bot. 2025 (2025) e04911: 2; Type: from Malaysia. = Celastrus monospermoides Loes., Nova Guinea 8 (1910) 280; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 236; Type: from New Guinea. = Celastrus apoensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2579; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Type: Elmer 11411 (A, lecto; A, BM, E, F, GH, K, L, MO, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya (Mt Apo), Aug-1909. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, South Cotabato, PALAWAN (photos). Notes: (?-)3000m. Native.

Elaeodendron Jacq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 August 2019
  1. Elaeodendron viburnifolium (Juss.) Merr., PJS 16 (1920) 449; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 484; ≡ Cassine viburnifolia (Juss.) Ding Hou, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 6 (1962) 286; ≡ Aegiphila viburnifolia Juss., Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 7 (1806) 76. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. JOLO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Mangrove swamps. 0m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Euonymus L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 12 June 2026
  1. Euonymus benguetensis Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29 (1905) 26; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 480; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. Ser. 1, 6 (1962) 253. Distribution: Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Montane forests. One record on limestone. 1200-2300m. Native.
  2. Euonymus cochinchinensis Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 20 (1895) t.309; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 480; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. Ser. 1, 6 (1962) 248. = Euonymus oliganthus Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 320; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 480. = Euonymus philippinensis Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 238. Distribution: Borneo, China, Indochina, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. ALABAT, BATAN, CEBU (photos), ITBAYAT, LUBANG, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao (photos), Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales (photos), MASBATE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao Oriental (photos), MINDORO, PALAWAN, POLILLO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: (?-)676-1900m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7 (1933) 660; ≡ Elaeodendron fortunei Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36 (1863) 603; Type: from China. ≠ Euonymus japonicus auct. non Thunb.; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 252. Distribution: India, Japan, Java, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, ?Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: Forest edges, ridges. (600-)1000-2950m. Native.
  4. Euonymus glandulosus (Merr.) Ding Hou, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 6 (1962) 251; ≡ Glyptopetalum glandulosum Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 279; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: Mossy forests. 900-2700m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  5. Euonymus indicus B.Heyne ex Wall., Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich) 2 (1824) 409. = Euonymus javanicus Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826-1827) 1146; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 480; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 248. = Euonymus elmeri Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 281; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 480. = Euonymus alatus Elmer, LPB 4 (1912) 1484, nom. illeg. Distribution: Borneo, India, Indochina, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. ALABAT, BASILAN, CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Bataan, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, South Cotabato, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, TAMLANGON. Notes: Lowland up to 1500m. (?-)1500m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Glyptopetalum Thwaites

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser & John Paul Collantes, 13 March 2024
  1. Glyptopetalum acuminatissimum Merr., PJS 29 (1926) 481; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 257; Savinov, Reinwardtia 14 (2024) 189; Type: FB 29373 Azurin (UC, holo), Luzon: Isabela, Mar/Apr-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: Forests. 100-300m. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Glyptopetalum euonymoides Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 276; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 256; Savinov, Reinwardtia 14 (2024) 189; Type: BS 27546 Ramos (A, BM, K, L, NY, P, PNH, US, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Bangui, Feb/Mar-1917. Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines. HUNDRED ISLS (photos), LUZON: Ilocos Norte, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Low elevation thickets. 700m. Native.
  3. Glyptopetalum euphlebium (Merr.) Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 280; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 258; Savinov, Reinwardtia 14 (2024) 189; ≡ Glyptopetalum marivelense var. euphlebium Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 322; Type: FB 8108 Curran & Merritt (US, iso), Luzon: Zambales, Mt Tapulao (High Peak), in forests, 100-1400m (probably 1400m), 15-Dec-1907. = Glyptopetalum remotinervium Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 280; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481; Type: Merrill 741 (US, syn), Palawan: Ewiig (Iwahig) River, in forest, c. 300m, 18-Feb-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, CEBU, LUZON: Camarines Sur, Zambales, PALAWAN, TABLAS. Notes: Primary forests. 300-1400m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  4. Glyptopetalum loheri Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 321; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 257; Savinov, Reinwardtia 14 (2024) 189; Type: Loher 5765 (US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Montalban, Pandayan Tulisan, Feb-1904. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Batangas, Bulacan (photos), Camarines Sur, Cavite, Rizal, MINDANAO, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. 0-400m to 426m (photos). Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  5. Glyptopetalum marivelense (Elmer) Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 321; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. Ser. 1, 6 (1962) 258; Savinov, Reinwardtia 14 (2024) 189; ≡ Euonymus marivelensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2580; Type: Elmer 6644, Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Nov-1904. = Glyptopetalum reticulatum Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 277; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Type: BS 27043 Ramos (US, iso), Luzon: Abra, Mt Posuey, damp forested slopes, c. 300m, 4-Feb-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, CEBU, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MASBATE, MINDORO. Notes: Forests. (?-)300-1400m. Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  6. Glyptopetalum palawanense Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 466; Merrill, EPFP 4 (1926) 249; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 257; Savinov, Reinwardtia 14 (2024) 189; Type: FB 29181 Cenabre (L, US, iso), Palawan: near Puerto Princesa, primary forests at low elevation, 27-Dec-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, CULION, CUYO ARCHIPELAGO, PALAWAN, PAMALICAN. Notes: Low elevation primary forest and coastal thickets. Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1). DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.

Gymnosporia (Wight & Arn.) Hook.f.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser 23 October 2021
  1. Gymnosporia diversifolia Maxim., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, 3rd Sér. 27 (1882) 459; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 483; Jordaan & Wyk, Telopea 10 (2003) 161; ≡ Maytenus diversifolia (Maxim.) Ding Hou, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 6 (1962) 242; Type: from Japan. Distribution: China, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: Dry thickets and on coral along the seashore. 0m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Gymnosporia nitida Merr., PJS 9c (1914) 311; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 483; Type: FB 11836 Domingo (K, holo; L, US, iso), Luzon: Pangasinan, Salasa, 20-Nov-1912. = Maytenus crassa Ding Hou, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 6 (1962) 242. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pangasinan. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Gymnosporia spinosa (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe, PJS 3c (1908) 109; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 302; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 483; Jordaan & Wyk, Telopea 10 (2003) 158; ≡ Cupania spinosa Blanco, Fl. Filip., 1st Ed. (1837) 184; Type: Merrill Sp. Blancoanae 349 (US, neo; GH, L, isoneo), Luzon: Bulacan, Angat, Sep-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUBANG, LUZON: Aurora, Bulacan, Cagayan, Rizal, PANAY. Native.
    • var. spinosa. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUBANG, LUZON: Aurora (photos), Bulacan, Cagayan, Rizal, PANAY. Native.
    • var. parva Merr. & Rolfe, PJS 3c (1908) 110; Type: Merrill 5070 (PNH, holo, lost; K, L, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Rizal, Montalban, Mariquina River, Mar-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Native.
  4. Gymnosporia trilocularis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3 (1913) 59; Ding Hou (1950) 178. = Gymnosporia inermis Merr. & L.M.Perry, J. Arnold Arbor. 20 (1939) 335; Jordaan & Wyk, Telopea 10 (2003) 156; Type: from New Guinea. ≠ Maytenus emarginata auct. non (Willd.) Thwaites; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 241. Distribution: Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Taiwan. DALUPIRI, DANJUGAN (photos), LUZON: Aurora, Ilocos Norte (photos), Isabela, PANAY (photos). Notes: Usually along coastal thickets and bluffs. 0m. Native.

Kokoona Thwaites

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 21 October 2020
  1. Kokoona ochracea (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 484, as 'Kokoonia'; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 260; Molina & Buot, J. New Biol. Rep. 9 (2020) 293; ≡ Ardisia ochracea Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1819; Type: Elmer 12881, Palawan, Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Mar-1911. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Forests. 0-1400m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Loeseneriella A.C.Sm.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 20 July 2024
  1. Loeseneriella cumingii (M.A.Lawson) Ding Hou, Blumea 12 (1963) 32; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 399; ≡ Hippocratea cumingii M.A.Lawson, Fl. Brit. India 1 (1875) 624. = Hippocratea trichopetala Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 21; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 486. ≠ Hippocratea macrantha auct. non (Korth.) Rolfe; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 486. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BALABAC, LUZON: Quezon, PANAY, SAMAR, ?SIBUTU. Notes: Lowland forests along streams and on limestone. P.B. Pelser (20-Jul-24): Reported for Sibutu (Herre 1220, US), but the leaf morphology of this specimen suggests that this might be Loeseneriella pauciflora instead. Native.
  2. Loeseneriella pauciflora (DC.) A.C.Sm., Amer. J. Bot. 28 (1941) 440; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 400; ≡ Hippocratea pauciflora DC., Prodr. (A. P. de Candolle) 1 (1824) 569. = Hippocratea lawsonii Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2688; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 486; Type: Elmer 12241 (L, MO, NY, US, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Magallanes [Magdiwang], along Dulangan Creek, hanging from limbs of trees, 750ft, Apr-1910. = Hippocratea obtusifolia Roxb., Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich) 1 (1820) 170; Hort. Beng. (1814) 5, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 486; Type: Cuming 1555. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. DANJUGAN, DINAGAT (photos), LUZON: ?Aurora (photos), Bulacan (photos), Isabela, MASBATE, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Thickets and forests, sometimes along streams at low elevation, sometimes on limestone rocks. (?-)230-840m. Native.

Lophopetalum Wight

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 26 March 2026
  1. Lophopetalum beccarianum Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 20 (1895) t.307B; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 266. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Isabela, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte (photos), PALAWAN. Notes: (?-)100-200m (photos) to 400m. Native.
  2. Lophopetalum javanicum (Zoll.) Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36 (1863) 598, as 'javanum'; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. Ser. 1, 6 (1962) 269; ≡ Solenospermum javanicum Zoll., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 14 (1857) 169. = Lophopetalum toxicum Loher, Icon. Bogor. (Boerlage) 1 (1897) 55; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481. = Lophopetalum paucinervium Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 402; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 481. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BALABAC, BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales (photos), MASBATE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Lanao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: (?-)1000(-1500)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Microtropis Wall. ex Meisn.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 17 April 2022
  1. Microtropis curranii Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 238; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 278. = Microtropis curranii var. zambalesensis Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 287; Loes. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 20b (1942) 29; Type: Ramos 4698 (A, M, U, syn); Ramos 5026 (M, U, syn); Curran & Merritt 8071 (M, U, syn), Luzon: Zambales. = Microtropis curranii var. obovata Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 287; Loes. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 20b (1942) 29; Type: Ramos 42238 (A, M, Ge, Su), Luzon: Rizal, Mt Lumutan, Apr-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Rizal, Zambales, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Mossy and exposed ridges on the higher mountains. 1500-2500m. Conservation status: Endangered (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Microtropis platyphylla Merr., PJS 10c (1915) 319; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Am. Ac. Arts Sc. 73 (1940) 306; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 279. = Microtropis platyphylla var. elliptifolia Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Nat. Pflanzenfam. (Engler & Prantl), 2nd Ed. 20b (1942) 129. = Microtropis basilanensis Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 306. = Microtropis chartacea Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 303. = Microtropis fasciculata Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 162. = Microtropis philippinensis Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 306; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 304. = Microtropis rostrata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 275; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 482; Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 306. = Microtropis rubra Elmer ex Merr. & F.L.Freeman, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 73 (1940) 305. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. ALABAT, BASILAN, BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Bataan (photos), Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental, PANAY, SIARGAO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. 0-500(-2700)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Pleurostylia Wight & Arn.

  1. Pleurostylia opposita (Wall.) Alston, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(Suppl.) (1931) 48; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 288; ≡ Celastrus oppositus Wall., Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich) 2 (1824) 398. = Pleurostylia wightii var. neocaledonia Loes., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39 (1907) 171; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 484. = Elaeodendron mindanaense Merr., PJS 12c (1917) 277; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 484; Type: FB 26243 Ceballos. Distribution: Australia, China, India, Indian Ocean, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand. DANJUGAN, LUZON: Batangas, Pampanga, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, PALAWAN. Notes: Forests or thickets. 0-650m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Reissantia N.Hallé

Edited by James V. LaFrankie & Pieter B. Pelser, 4 May 2016
  1. Reissantia indica (Willd.) N.Hallé, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., 2nd Ser. 30 (1958) 466; Mém. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire n. 64 (1962) 85; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 401; ≡ Hippocratea indica Willd., Sp. Pl., 4th Ed. 1 (1797) 193; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 485. Distribution: Borneo, China, India, Indochina, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUBANG, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Lanao, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO. Notes: Thickets and second growth forests in both wet and more seasonal parts of the archipelago, sometimes on limestone, at low elevation. Native.

Salacia L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 29 May 2025
  1. Salacia chinensis L., Mant. Pl. Altera (1771) 293; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 419. = Salacia prinoides (Willd.) DC., Prodr. (A. P. de Candolle) 1 (1824) 571; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 303; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 487. Distribution: Australia, China, India, Indochina, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Thailand. APO, BALABAC, BASILAN, BICAWAYAN, BILIRAN, BUCAS GRANDE, CAMOTES, CAWILI, LEYTE, LUMBUCAN, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Camarines, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MATINLOC, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, MINDORO, NOGAS (photos), PABELLON ISLS, PALAWAN, PANAY, ROMBLON, SIBUTU, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI, UBIAN. Notes: Throughout Malesia. Thickets and forests, along sandy riverbanks, often near the seashore. 0-450(-900)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  2. Salacia cymosa Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1792; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 486; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 407. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Thickets at low elevation. Known only from the type collection. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  3. Salacia euphlebia Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 22; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 486; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 418. Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Philippines. LUBANG, MINDANAO: Lanao, Surigao, MINDORO. Notes: Thickets and forests. 0-150m. Native.
  4. Salacia kalahiensis Korth., Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt., Bot. (1842) 183; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 420. = Salacia subscandens Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1793; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 487. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines. GUIMARAS, LUZON: Aurora, Cagayan, Zambales, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, TAMLANGON. Notes: Forests along streams at low elevation. 0-1200m. Native.
  5. Salacia korthalsiana Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 152; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 406. = Salacia philippinensis Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 291; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 487. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. BILIRAN, BOHOL, CALAYAN, CEBU, LUBANG, LUZON: Abra, Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Pangasinan, Rizal, MINDANAO: Surigao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, ROMBLON, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests and thickets, sometimes on limestone. 50-1400m. Native.
  6. Salacia marginata Ding Hou, Blumea 12 (1963) 35; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 413. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. 0-100m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
  7. Salacia nitidissima Merr., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 86 (1920) 325; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 418. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. CEBU. Notes: Known from the Philippines from Bicknell 153, L. (?-)600m. Native.
  8. Salacia ovalis Korth., Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt., Bot. (1842) 182; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 415. = Salacia integrifolia Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 85; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 487. Distribution: Java, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Ilocos Norte, La Union, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: ?Lanao del Norte (photos), Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Thickets and forests. 0-1200m. Native.
  9. Salacia venosa Ding Hou, Blumea 12 (1963) 34; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 417. = Hiptage lawsonii Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2751. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Zambales, SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests and in sandy gravelly ground along wooded banks. 0-225m. Native.
  10. Salacia verrucosa Wight, Ill. Ind. Bot. (Madras) 1 (1840) 134; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 414. Distribution: Borneo, India, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Rizal. Notes: Forests. (?-)920m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  11. Salacia wenzelii Merr., PJS 13c (1918) 23; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 487; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1964) 411. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Forests at low elevation. Native.

Sarawakodendron Ding Hou

Possibly present

  1. Sarawakodendron sp.; Voucher: Gaerlan & Fernando, Philippine Plant Inventory # 19010 (L0824559), Dinagat, Campayas to Kaantojan - might represent this genus in the Philippines, but we have not yet confirmed its identification.

Siphonodon Griff.

  1. Siphonodon celastrineus Griff., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4 (1844) 247; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 485; Ding Hou, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1962) 394. = Siphonodon celastrineus var. acuminatissimus Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 485, as 'acuminatissima'; Type: BS 16335 Reillo (syn); Elmer 7144 (syn). = Siphonodon celastrineus var. subglobosus (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 485, as 'subglobosa'; ≡ Xanthophyllum subglobosum Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1677. = Siphonodon pyriformis Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 240; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 485; Type: Elmer 5985 (US, lecto). = Siphonodon pyriformis var. parvifolius Merr., PJS 27 (1925) 33; Merrill, EPFP 4 (1926) 252; Type: Loher 12809, Luzon: Rizal. Distribution: India, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. BALABAC, BASILAN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUBANG, LUZON: Abra, Albay (photos), Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Tarlac, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon (photos), Cotabato, Surigao, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAUI, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos), POLILLO, SAMAR, SIARGAO, TABLAS, TICAO, TUBABAO. Notes: Throughout Malesia. Forests, sometimes in thickets. 0-1500m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Stackhousia Sm.

Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 7 May 2017
  1. Stackhousia intermedia F.M.Bailey, Queensland Agric. J. 3 (1898) 281; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 488, incl. forma philippinensis Pamp.; Brouwer, Fl. Males. ser. 1 (1948) 35. Distribution: Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CULION, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Zambales, MARARISON (photos), PANAY. Notes: 30-1500m. Native.

References