Cannabaceae

Celticidaceae

Aphananthe Planch.

  1. Aphananthe cuspidata (Blume) Planch. in DC., Prodr. 17 (1873) 209; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 69; ≡ Gironniera cuspidata (Blume) Kurz, Forest Fl. Brit. Burma 2 (1877) 470; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35; Backer & Bakh.f. Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12; ≡ Cyclostemon cuspidatus Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 599, as 'cuspidatum'. = Gironniera curranii Merr., PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 251. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, China, Hong Kong, India, Indochina, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Isabela, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Native.
  2. Aphananthe philippinensis Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 3, 10 (1848) 337; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 34; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 67. Distribution: Australia, New Guinea, Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Cagayan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Rizal, Zambales. Notes: Primary and secondary forest subject to rather strong seasonal climate. Native.

Cannabis L. (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

  1. Cannabis sativa L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 1027; Backer, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1948) 223. Distribution: C Asia. Notes: Cultivated either as a fiber plant or as a narcotic in many other countries. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Celtis L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 21 May 2018
  1. Celtis latifolia (Blume) Planch. in DC., Prodr. 17 (1873) 186; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 63; ≡ Solenostigma latifolium Blume, Mus. Bot. 2 (1856) 67. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. PALAWAN. Notes: Primary and secondary forests on sandy clay soils, 0-400m. Native.
  2. Celtis luzonica Warb. in Perkins, Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 164; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 32; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 61. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. CAPUL, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Camarines, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, MINDORO, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland thickets and forests. Fl. & fr. Mar-Jul. Native.
  3. Celtis philippensis Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 197; S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 248; Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 42; Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 122; EPFP 2 (1923) 32; Soepadmo in Whitmore, Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 416; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 62. = Celtis mindanaensis Elmer, LPB 8 (1915) 2842. = Celtis multifolia Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 32; Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3796, nom. inval., no Latin descr. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. ALABAT, BASILAN, DALUPIRI, DINAGAT, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, TICAO. Native.
    • var. philippensis. Distribution: LUZON, MINDANAO, PALAWAN. Notes: N Luzon to Mindanano and Palawan. Common in thickets and open forests at low elevation. Native.
    • var. wightii (Planch.) Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 62; ≡ Celtis wightii Planch., Ann. Sc. Nat. 3, 10 (1848) 307. Native.
  4. Celtis rigescens (Miq.) Planch. in DC., Prodr. 17 (1873) 182; Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 416; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 58; ≡ Solenostigma rigescens Miq., Sumatra (1861) 411. = Celtis asperifolia Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 246; EPFP 2 (1923) 32. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Riau Arch, Sulawesi, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Lowland thickets or forests. Native.
  5. Celtis rubrovenia Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 464; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 33; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 65. = Celtis rubrovenia Elmer var. integra Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 33; Type: BS 33201 Ramos, Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Mt Nagapatan, Aug-1918. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province. Notes: Primary forests on hills and ridges, 500-1800m. Native.
  6. Celtis timorensis Span., Linnaea 15 (1841) 343; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 65. = Celtis cinnamomea Lindl. ex Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 3, 10 (1848) 303; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 32. = Celtis crenato-serrata Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 174. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, India, Indochina, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Rizal. Notes: Open forests at low elevation. Common in areas with rather prominent seasonal climate, in open forests at low elevation. Fl. & fr. Nov-Apr. Native.

Gironniera Gaudich.

  1. Gironniera celtidifolia Gaudich., Bot. Freycinet’s Voy. (1844) t. 85; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 73. = Gironniera sibuyanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1845; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Apayao, Aurora, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Fl. & fr. Jan-Dec. Native.
  2. Gironniera subaequalis Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 3, 10 (1848) 339; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 35; Corner, Wayside Trees Malaya (1940) 690; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12; Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 419; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 75. Distribution: Andaman Isls, China, Indochina, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand. BUCAS GRANDE, LUZON: Isabela, Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao, SAMAR. Notes: Throughout Malesia except Lesser Sunda Isls; lowland primary and secondary forests. Native.

Trema Lour.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 20 January 2020
  1. Trema cannabina Lour., Fl. Cochin. 2 (1790) 563; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 50; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12; Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 421; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 50. = Trema amboinense (Willd.) Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 61, quoad syn., excl. descr.; ≡ Celtis amboinensis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4, 2 (1805) 997. Distribution: Australia, China, Indochina, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Solomon Isls, Taiwan, Thailand. BASILAN, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Pangasinan, MINDANAO: Surigao, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: Throughout Malesia; sea-level to 1200m, along roadsides, forest edges, thickets, early re-growth secondary forests, a common pioneer in newly opened sites. Native.
  2. Trema eurhynchum (Miq.) Byng & Christenh., Global Fl. 4 (2018) 127; De Castro et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3773; ≡ Parasponia eurhyncha Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 3 (1861) 411. = Parasponia rugosa Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 66; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 44; ≡ Trema rugosum (Blume) Byng & Christenh., Global Fl. 4 (2018) 127, nom. illeg., non Blume, as 'rugosa'. = Trema vulcanicum Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 260, as 'vulcanica'; Type: BS 14600 Ramos, Camiguin de Mindanao: 27-Apr-1912. = Trema philippinense Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3218, as 'philippinensis'; Type: Elmer 22227, Luzon: Pampanga, Zambales Mts, Mt Pinatubo, May-1927. Distribution: Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Pampanga, MINDANAO, PALAWAN. Notes: Often dominant or co-dominant in seral vegetation on various soil types including volcanic ash, 50-1900m. Native.
  3. Trema orientale (L.) Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 62; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 171; EPFP 2 (1923) 34; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 2 (1965) 12, pro parte, excl. syn. Trema amboinense auct. non (Willd.) Blume; Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 421; Soepadmo, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 51; Batuyong et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3973; ≡ Celtis orientalis L., Sp. Pl. 2 (1753) 1044. Distribution: ?Africa, Australia, Borneo, China, India, Indochina, Japan, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Native.
  4. Trema tomentosum (Roxb.) H.Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 2 (1971) 19; Soepadmo in Whitmore (ed.), Tree Fl. Malaya 2 (1973) 423; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 8 (1977) 53; ≡ Celtis tomentosa Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 2 (1832) 66. = Sponia velutina Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 10 (1848) 327. = Celtis lima auct. non Sw.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. 2 (1837) 139. = Trema orientale auct. non (L.) Blume; Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 121. Distribution: Africa, Australia, Bangladesh, China, Hong Kong, India, Indochina, Madagascar, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean, Pakistan, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Thailand. Native.

References