Campanulaceae

Cyclocodon Griff.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 6 July 2026
  1. Cyclocodon axillaris (Oliv.) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes, Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 40 (2012) 22; ≡ Campanumoea axillaris Oliv., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 18 (1888) t.1775. Distribution: China, Japan, Laos, Moluccas, Philippines, Sumatra, Taiwan, Vietnam. Native.
  2. Cyclocodon lancifolius (Roxb.) Kurz, Flora 55 (1872) 303; De Wilde & Duyfjes, Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 40 (2012) 23; ≡ Codonopsis lancifolia (Roxb.) Moeliono, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 6 (1960) 120; ≡ Campanumoea lancifolia (Roxb.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 587; ≡ Campanula lancifolia Roxb., Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich) 2 (1824) 96. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur (photos), Lanao del Sur (photos), Sultan Kudarat (photos), MINDORO, PANAY. Notes: 280-1500m. Native.
    • ssp. lancifolius. Distribution: China, India, Moluccas, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Wet places. 280-1500m. Native.
    • ssp. celebicus (Blume) K.E.Morris & Lammers, Novon 9 (1999) 387; ≡ Cyclocodon celebicus (Blume) D.Y.Hong, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36 (1998) 109; ≡ Codonopsis lancifolia ssp. celebica (Blume) Moeliono, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 6 (1960) 121; ≡ Campanumoea celebica Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1826) 727; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 587. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, Lanao del Sur (photos), PANAY. Notes: Forests and shaded ravines, 600-1100m. Native.

Hippobroma G.Don (Not native)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 22 October 2017
  1. Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 3 (1834) 717; Cortez et al., Check List 19 (2023) 987; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 13; ≡ Laurentia longiflora (L.) Peterm., Pflanzenreich (Petermann), 1st Ed. (1845) 444; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 140; ≡ Isotoma longiflora (L.) C.Presl, Prodr. Monogr. Lobel. (1836) 42; ≡ Lobelia longiflora L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 930. Distribution: Caribbean. LUZON: Albay (photos), Laguna (photos), Quezon (photos), MINDORO (photos), SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Almost throughout Malesia and throughout the Philippines. Damp places, along ditches and streams, against walls, low elevation. Naturalized.

Lobelia L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 9 August 2026
  1. Lobelia eryliae C.E.C.Fisch., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928 (1928) 141; Type: Smith 0012 (K, holo), Indonesia. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Benguet, MINDORO. Notes: 600-2300m. Native.
    • ssp. luzonica (E.Wimm.) Lammers, Blumea 56 (2011) 223; ≡ Lobelia epilobioides var. luzonica E.Wimm., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV (276c) (1968) 882; Type: Clemens 9170 (L, holo; B, iso), Philippines, Luzon, Benquet Subprov., ‘Pauai’ [Paoay], Jan-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Mossy forest among shrubs. Fl. Jan-Jul. 2100m. Native.
  2. Lobelia heyneana Schult., Syst. Veg., 15th Ed. 5 (1819) 50; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 129. = Lobelia bialata (A.DC.) Merr., PJS 7c (1912) 105; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 588. Distribution: Africa, China, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Open wet places. 500-2700m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.
  3. Lobelia luzoniensis (Pers.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 588; ≡ Lobelia filiformis var. luzoniensis Pers., Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2 (1806) 214. ≠ Lobelia alsinoides auct. non Lam.; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 126. Distribution: China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan. LUZON: Laguna, NCR, MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: Open damp places at low elevation. 0-1000m. Native.
  4. Lobelia nummularia Lam., Encycl. (Lamarck) 3 (1792) 589; ≡ Pratia nummularia (Lam.) Benth. ex Kurz, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46(2) (1877) 210; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 589. ≠ Lobelia angulata auct. non G.Forst.; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6(1960) 133. Distribution: Australia, China, India, Indochina, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, S America, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Abra (photos), Apayao (photos), Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato (photos), Davao Oriental (photos), Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur (photos), Misamis Oriental (photos), NEGROS. Notes: Moist open or shaded places, in montane forests, along stream banks and forest trails. 600-3300m. Native.
  5. Lobelia philippinensis Skottsb., Acta Horti Gothob. 4 (1928) 13; Type: Vanoverbergh 38 (S, lecto; B, FI, GB, L, MO, isolecto), Luzon: Bontoc, 14-Feb-1914. ≠ Lobelia nicotianifolia auct. non B.Heyne; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 588; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 123. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Aurora, Benguet, Ifugao (photos), Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Zambales, MINDANAO: South Cotabato (photos), NEGROS, PANAY (photos). Notes: In Luzon from Ilocos Norte to Aurora to Zambales. Open spots on ridges in the mossy forest, often on grassy mountain slopes and hillsides. 100-1600m. Native.
    • ssp. biliranensis Lammers, Blumea 56 (2011) 221; Type: Sulit 5578 (L), Philippines, Biliran, Mt Suiro, northern slope, open ridge, 1230 m, 13-May-1954. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN. Notes: Endemic, only known from type (Lammers 2011). Native.
    • ssp. negrosensis Lammers, Blumea 56 (2011) 221; Type: Philippine Plant Inventory 6380 (BRIT, holo), Negros: Negros Occidental, Mt Dumalabdab, Talisay mun., 10°40'N, 123°16'E, hill forest, rocky clay, 1160m, 25-Mar-1992. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS, PANAY (photos). Notes: Evergreen rainforest and grassland. Fl. & fr. Mar-Jun. 100m (photos) to 1160-1200m. Native.
    • ssp. philippinensis. = Lobelia nicotianifolia var. mollis Elmer, LPB 9 (1934) 3180; Type: Elmer 22181 (PNH, holo, lost; MO, iso), Luzon: Pampanga, Camp Stotsenburg, Mt Pinatubo, May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Benguet, Ifugao (photos), Ilocos Norte, Zambales. Notes: Forest openings. Fl. & fr. Oct-Apr. 500-1600m. Native.
  6. Lobelia proctorii Argent & P.Wilkie, Pl. Ecol. 192(2) (2007) 158; Type: Argent & Reynoso 8998 (PNH, holo; E, K, L, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Camp 3 above Magdiwang, on ridge leading to Mayo’s Peak, c. 1400m, 24-Aug-1989. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Open grassland and elfin forest on ultramafic soils atop a ridge crest. Fl. May-Aug. 1400m. Native.
  7. Lobelia zeylanica L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 932; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 128. = Pratia ovata Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 593; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 589. Distribution: China, India, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Cagayan, Laguna, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte (photos), PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Open spots in primary forests, along streams and shady grassy grounds under everwet climatic conditions. Fl. & fr. throughout the year. 350-1500(-2000)m. Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1). Native.

Peracarpa Hook.f. & Thomson

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 1 September 2023
  1. Peracarpa carnosa (Wall.) Hook.f. & Thomson, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2 (1857) 26; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 110; ≡ Campanula carnosa Wall., Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich) 2 (1824) 102. = Peracarpa luzonica Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906 (1906) 201; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 586. Distribution: China, India, Japan, New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, PANAY. Notes: Montane (oak) forests. (1450-)2200-2400(-3000)m. Native.

Wahlenbergia Schrad. ex Roth

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 22 October 2017
  1. Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb.) A.DC., Monogr. Campan. (1830) 143; Moeliono, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1960) 115; ≡ Campanula marginata Thunb., Syst. Veg., 14th Ed. (1784) 211. = Wahlenbergia bivalvis Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 242; Merrill, EPFP 3 (1923) 587. Distribution: Australia, China, Japan, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon (photos), PANAY (photos). Notes: Montane grasslands. (100-)1000-2700(-3500)m. Native.

References