Brassicaceae

Brassica L. (Not native)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 16 January 2021

Brassica juncea (L.) Czern., Conspect. Pl. Charc. (1859) 8; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 214; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 545; ≡ Sinapis juncea L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 668. = Brassica integrifolia (H.West) O.E.Schulz, Symb. Antill. 3 (1903) 509; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 207; ≡ Sinapis integrifolia H.West, Bidr. Beskr. St. Croix (1793) 296. Distribution: W Asia. PALAWAN. Notes: Cultivated in the Philippines: mostaza. Note by P.B. Pelser (8-Nov-20): "in towns, near houses, etc., planted and spontaneous" (Merrill 1923). Naturalized.

Brassica oleracea L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 667; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 207. = Brassica pekinensis Skeels, Bull. Bur. Pl. Industr. U.S.D.A. 227 (1911) 51. Distribution: Europe. Notes: Brussels sprouts, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, etc. Not naturalized (Merrill 1923). Cultivated, not naturalized.
Brassica rapa L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 666. Distribution: Africa, Europe, Middle East. Notes: Not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Last edited by Heidi Newton & P.B. Pelser, 19 September 2023

Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Pfl.-Gatt. 1 (1792) 85; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 208; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1 (1963) 192; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 550; ≡ Thlaspi bursa-pastoris L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 647. Distribution: Afghanistan, Africa, China, Eurasia, India, Middle East, Pakistan. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Cosmopolitan weed, probably native in Europe, introduced in Malesia and recorded from the highlands of E Java, Philippines, and E New Guinea. Probably more widespread. A common weed in Bontoc. Naturalized.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 9 August 2026

Cardamine hirsuta L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 655; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1 (1963) 191; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 554. Distribution: ?Africa, Europe. LUZON: Mountain Province (photos), MINDANAO: Davao de Oro (photos). Notes: Widespread weed and naturalized in many areas including the Philippines. 0-2200m. Naturalized.
Cardamine manshurica (Kom.) Nakai, Tyosen Syokubutsu (1914) 113; Kim et al., Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 45 (2015) 141; ≡ Cardamine parviflora var. manshurica Kom., Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 22 (1903) 370. ≠ Cardamine flexuosa auct. non With.; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 554 (pro parte). ≠ Cardamine regeliana auct. non Miq.; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 208. Distribution: China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDANAO. Notes: Occasional in open damp places. 1000-2200m. Native.

Lepidium virginicum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 645; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 207; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1 (1963) 187; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 548. Distribution: N America. LUZON: Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Widespread as a weed in all warm countries. A weed in towns, in some regions occurring along sandy seashores. Naturalized.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 December 2021

Nasturtium officinale R.Br., Hort. Kew., 2nd Ed. 4 (1812) 110; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 208; Quisumb., Med. Pl. Philip. (1951) 335; Backer & Bakh.f., Fl. Java 1 (1963) 191. = Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek, Sched. Fl. Stiriac. Exsicc. 3-4 (1905) 22; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 555; ≡ Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 657. Distribution: Afghanistan, Africa, Europe, Middle East, Pakistan, W Asia. LUZON, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (photos). Notes: Widely cultivated and spread with European settlements to temperate and montane areas throughout the world. In the Philippines commonly cultivated in the Cordillera Highlands of N Luzon, where it also escapes from cultivation, following water courses, and establishing themselves as weeds. Naturalized.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 9 July 2017

Raphanus raphanistrum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 669. Distribution: Africa, Europe, Middle East, W Asia. Cultivated, not naturalized.
- ssp. sativus (L.) Domin, Beih. Bot. Centralbl., 2nd Abt. 26 (1910) 255; ≡ Raphanus sativus L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 669; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 214; Merrill, EPFP 2 (1923) 208; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 546. Notes: Only known in cultivation, said to be probably originated from hybrids between forms of Raphanus rapahanistrum L. In Malesia reportedly escaping and becoming weedy at least in Java, probably elsewhere. Widely cultivated in the Philippines, from the lowlands to 2400m. Raddish, labanos. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 21 October 2017

Rorippa dubia (Pers.) H.Hara, J. Jap. Bot. 30 (1955) 196; ≡ Sisymbrium dubium Pers., Syn. Pl. (Pers.) 2 (1806) 199. = Rorippa heterophylla R.O.Williams, Fl. Trinidad & Tobago (1929) 24; Jonsell, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 10 (1988) 559; ≡ Nasturtium heterophyllum Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 50, nom. illeg., non D.Don. ≠ Nasturtium indicum auct. non (L.) DC.; Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 27 (1905) 17; Fl. Manila (1912) 213; EPFP 2 (1923) 208. Distribution: Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON, MINDANAO. Notes: Near sea-level to 2000m, in open moist ground in cultivated lands and water courses, 250-1500m. Naturalized.
Rorippa hybosperma (O.E.Schulz) Jonsell, Fl. Males., 1st Ser. 10 (1988) 559; ≡ Nasturtium hybospermum O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 55 (1918) 268. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Maguindanao del Sur. Notes: Lowland streams and rivers in marshes. Native.

Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hiern) 1 (1896) 26; ≡ Sisymbrium indicum L., Mant. Pl. (1767) 93. Distribution: Africa, Bangladesh, China, India, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. Notes: Reported for the Philippines by Moody (1989) as a weed in rice, but no specimens cited.