Blechnaceae

Blechnum L.

1. Blechnum egregium Copel., Fragm. Fl. Philipp. (1905) 187; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 296; ≡ Oceaniopteris egregia (Copel.) Gasper & Salino, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 214; Coritico & Amoroso, Nature Conservation Research 5 (2020) 81. Distribution: Borneo, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. BATAN, BILIRAN, CAMIGUIN, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Apayao (photos), Aurora, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Laguna, NCR, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (photos), Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao Oriental, Davao de Oro (photos), Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, ROMBLON, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Notes: 300-1500(-?)m. DAO category: Vulnerable (as Oceaniopteris egregia). Native.
2. Blechnum finlaysonianum Wall. ex Hook. & Grev., Icon. Filic. 2 (1832) t.225; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 300; ≡ Blechnopsis finlaysoniana (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 476. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. BILIRAN, LUZON: Camarines Norte (photos), MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, PALAWAN, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
3. Blechnum fraseri (A.Cunn.) Luerss., Flora 59 (1876) 292; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 306; ≡ Diploblechnum fraseri (A.Cunn.) De Vol, Fl. Taiwan, 1st Ed. 1 (1975) 153; Coritico & Amoroso, Nature Conservation Research 5 (2020) 81; ≡ Lomaria fraseri A.Cunn., Compan. Bot. Mag. 2 (1837) 364. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, New Zealand, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan. LUZON: Apayao (photos), Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, MINDORO. Notes: 1800-2050(-?)m. DAO category: Vulnerable. Native.
4. Blechnum insigne (Hook.) C.M.Kuo, Taiwania 30 (1985) 67; ≡ Brainea insignis (Hook.) J.Sm., Cat. Ferns Kew (1856) 5; ≡ Bowringia insignis Hook., Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5 (1853) 237. Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Laguna (photos), MINDORO. DAO category: Endangered (as Brainea insignis). Native.
5. Blechnum melanocaulon (Brack.) T.C.Chambers & P.A.Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 318; ≡ Austroblechnum melanocaulon (Brack.) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 203; Odulio et al., Biodivers. Data J. 14 (2026) 13; ≡ Lomaria melanocaulon Brack., U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. (1854) 122. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Sarangani, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: (?-)1300-2500m. Native.
   • ssp. melanocaulon. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Benguet, Kalinga, Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Sarangani, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: (?-)2400m. Native.
   • ssp. pallens T.C.Chambers & P.A.Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 321; ≡ Austroblechnum melanocaulon ssp. pallens (T.C.Chambers & P.A.Farrant) Parris, Fl. Penins. Malaysia 3 (2020) 213. Distribution: Andaman Isls, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sumatra. NEGROS. Notes: 1300-2500m. Native.
6. Blechnum orientale L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 1077; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 324; ≡ Blechnopsis orientalis (L.) C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 477; Bada et al., J. Tropical Biol. & Conservation 20 (2023) 114; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 664; De Villa & Lagat, PJS 153 (2024) 1823. = Salpichlaena cumingiana (C.Presl) Fée, Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. (1852) 78; ≡ Blechnopsis cumingiana C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 476. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. BALABAC, BASILAN, BAYAS, BILIRAN, CATANDUANES, CULION, DINAGAT (photos), GENERAL ISLAND, GUIMARAS, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Apayao (photos), Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
7. Blechnum patersonii (R.Br.) Mett., Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips. (1856) 64; ≡ Austroblechnum patersonii (R.Br.) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 203; Bada et al., J. Tropical Biol. & Conservation 20 (2023) 114; Pescuela et al., PJS 153 (2024) 664; ≡ Stegania patersonii R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. (1810) 152. Distribution: Australia, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Apayao (photos), Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Oriental, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: 1200-1500m to 1700m (photos). Native.
8. Blechnum revolutum (Alderw.) C.Chr., Index Filic. (C.Chr), Suppl. Tert. (1934) 46; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 329; ≡ Parablechnum revolutum (Alderw.) Gasper & Salino, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 217; ≡ Lomaria revoluta Alderw., Nova Guinea 14 (1924) 31. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. MINDANAO. Notes: 2500(-?)m. Native.
9. Blechnum vestitum (Blume) Kuhn, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 284; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 334; ≡ Parablechnum vestitum (Blume) Gasper & Salino, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 217; ≡ Lomaria vestita Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 203. ≠ Blechnum capense auct. non (L.) Schltdl.; Coritico et al., PJS 149 (2020) 776. ≠ Parablechnum capense auct. non (Burm.f.) Gasper & Salino. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, ?Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CAMIGUIN, LUZON: Albay, Benguet, Laguna, Mountain Province, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental (photos), Davao del Sur, Sarangani, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY. Notes: 700-3350m. Native.
10. Blechnum vulcanicum (Blume) Kuhn, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4 (1869) 284; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 340; ≡ Cranfillia vulcanica (Blume) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 208; ≡ Lomaria vulcanica Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae (1828) 202. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Laguna, Mountain Province (photos), Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, NEGROS. Native.

Possibly present

1. Blechnum fluviatile (R.Br.) Lowe, Nomencl. Gefässkrypt. (1883) 115; Chambers & Farrant, Blumea 46 (2001) 303; ≡ Cranfillia fluviatilis (R.Br.) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich, Phytotaxa 275 (2016) 207; ≡ Stegania fluviatilis R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. (1810) 152. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, New Guinea, New Zealand, Pacific Ocean, ?Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra.

Stenochlaena J.Sm.

1. Stenochlaena areolaris (Harr.) Copel., PJS 2c (1908) 406; ≡ Lomaria areolaris Harr., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16 (1877) 28. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Native.
2. Stenochlaena cumingii Holttum, Amer. Fern J. 61 (1971) 122. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Quezon, MINDORO, SAMAR. Native.
3. Stenochlaena milnei Underw., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33 (1906) 38. = Stenochlaena juglandifolia C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 524. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. LUZON: Batangas, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur, SAMAR, TAGANAK. Native.
4. Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f.) Bedd., Suppl. Ferns S. Ind. (1876) 26; Raganas et al., Biodiversitas 26 (2025) 1195; ≡ Polypodium palustre Burm.f., Fl. Ind. (N. L. Burman) (1768) 234. = Stenochlaena laurifolia C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., 5th Ser. 6 (1851) 524. Distribution: Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, BILIRAN, BORACAY (photos), BUSUANGA, CALICOAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur (photos), Cotabato, Davao, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Sultan Kudarat, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, TAGANAK, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Sea level. 0m. Native.

Telmatoblechnum Perrie, D.J.Ohlsen & Brownsey

1. Telmatoblechnum indicum (Burm.f.) Perrie, D.J.Ohlsen & Brownsey, Taxon 63 (2014) 755; ≡ Blechnum indicum Burm.f., Fl. Ind. (N. L. Burman) (1768) 231, nom. cons. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON. Notes: J.F. Barcelona (23-Sep-23): Known from the Philippines from Cuming 385 (L). Native.

Woodwardia Sm.

1. Woodwardia prolifera Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy. (1841) 275; ≡ Woodwardia orientalis var. prolifera (Hook. & Arn.) Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 2 (1931) 4. Distribution: China, Japan, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan. BATAN, BATANES, LUZON: Bataan. Native.
2. Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39 (1925) 103; ≡ Woodwardia radicans var. unigemmata Makino, J. Jap. Bot. 2 (1918) 7. Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Java, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya. Native.