
Araliaceae
Aralia
Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser 22 April 2014
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Aralia bipinnata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 222; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 235.
= Aralia glauca Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 291; EPFP 3 (1923) 236.
Distribution:
LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY.
Native.
- var. bipinnata. = Aralia glauca Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) 291. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. LEYTE, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY. Notes: Disturbed montane forests and thickets, usually in rather open sites, (700-)1000-2450m. Native.
- var. apoensis (Elmer) J.Wen, Novon 4 (1994): 403; ≡ Aralia apoensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2325. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur. Native.
- Aralia merrillii C.B.Shang, J. Nanjing Inst. Forest. 2 (1985) 28; ≡ Aralia scandens (Merr.) Ha, Nov. Vyssh. Rast. 11 (1974) 229, nom. illeg.; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 19; ≡ Acanthophora scandens Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 316; EPFP 3 (1923) 236. Distribution: CATANDUANES, LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato. Native.
Eleutherococcus
Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 24 October 2016
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Eleutherococcus trifoliatus (L.) S.Y.Hu, J. Arn. Arb. 61 (1980) 110; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 554;
≡ Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Voss, Vilmor. Blumengärtn. 1 (1894) 406; Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 217; EPFP 3 (1923) 234; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 103;
≡ Zanthoxylum trifoliatum L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 270.
Distribution:
Himalayas through China to Japan, Philippines, Taiwan.
LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province, MINDORO.
Native.
- var. trifoliatus. Distribution: LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Montane forests and thickets, 1100-1400m. Native.
Heptapleurum
Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 23 April 2022
- Heptapleurum acuminatissimum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 146; ≡ Schefflera acuminatissima Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 109. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
- Heptapleurum agamae (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 146; ≡ Schefflera agamae Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 196; EPFP 3 (1923) 225; Type: FB 21603 Agama, Palawan: Quezon, Alfonso XIII, rocky hills, 30m, 11-May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11, as Schefflera agamae). Native.
- Heptapleurum albidobracteatum (Elmer) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 146; ≡ Schefflera albidobracteata Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2339; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 225. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon. Notes: Forests, 700-1000m. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11, as Schefflera albidobracteata). Native.
- Heptapleurum alvarezii (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 146; ≡ Schefflera alvarezii Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 436; EPFP 3 (1923) 225. = Schefflera todayensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3704, nom. inval., no Latin descr. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao. Notes: Forested slopes, c. 1000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum angilogense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 147; ≡ Schefflera angilogensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 483; EPFP 4 (1925) 250; Type: BS 40748 Ramos. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Forested ridges, 1400m. Native.
- Heptapleurum angustifolium (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 147; ≡ Schefflera angustifolia Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 35 (1906) 53; EPFP 3 (1923) 225. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal. Notes: Thickets on limestone cliffs and steep slopes at low and medium elevation. Native.
- Heptapleurum banahaense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 147; ≡ Schefflera banahaensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 197; EPFP 3 (1923) 225. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon. Notes: Along streams in forests at medium elevation. Native.
- Heptapleurum benguetense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 148; ≡ Schefflera benguetensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 198; EPFP 3 (1923) 225. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Thickets about limestone boulders and on slopes, 1200-2000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum binuangense (C.B.Rob.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 148; ≡ Schefflera binuangensis C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 354; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 226. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
- Heptapleurum blancoi (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 148; ≡ Schefflera blancoi Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 109; ≡ Cephaloschefflera blancoi (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, Pampanga, Rizal, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Common on exposed ridges in the mossy forest and submossy forest and in damp forested ravines, 700-1500m. Native.
- Heptapleurum bordenii (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 148; ≡ Schefflera bordenii Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 110; EPFP 3 (1923) 226, as 'bordeni'. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Quezon. Notes: Primary forests, c. 750-900m. Native.
- Heptapleurum brevipes (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 148; ≡ Schefflera brevipes Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 210; EPFP 3 (1923) 226; Type: (PNH, lost). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela. Notes: Low or medium elevation forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum bukidnonense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 148; ≡ Schefflera bukidnonensis Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 414; EPFP 3 (1923) 226. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: On trees, c. 1600m. Native.
- Heptapleurum catanduanense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 149; ≡ Schefflera catanduanensis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 319; ≡ Cephaloschefflera catanduanensis (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Sorsogon. Notes: Primary forests, on ridges at or above 400m. Native.
- Heptapleurum catense (Elmer) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 149; ≡ Schefflera catensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2336; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 226. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: In very wet forests, c. 1800m. Native.
- Heptapleurum caudatifolium (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 149; ≡ Schefflera caudatifolia Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 331; EPFP 3 (1923) 226; Type: BS 22062 Ramos (US, iso), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog. = Schefflera bulusanensis Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 226, in obs., pro syn.; Elmer, LPB 10 (1934) 3637, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 17130 (NY, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan, 1066m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON. Native.
- Heptapleurum caudatum S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp. (1885) 175; ≡ Schefflera caudata (S.Vidal) Merr. & Rolfe, PJS 3 c (1908) 118; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 226; Type: Cuming 800 (syn), Luzon: Tayabas; Vidal 793 (MA, syn), Luzon: Albay, Tiwi. = Schefflera pentaphylla Elmer, LPB 10 (1934) 3642, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Voucher: Elmer 14596 (NY, NA), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Sorsogon. Notes: Primary forests, c. 650m. Native.
- Heptapleurum chartaceum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 150; ≡ Schefflera chartacea Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 456; EPFP 3 (1923) 226; Type: Vanoverbergh 1789 (PNH, holo, lost). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Forests, c.1750m. Native.
- Heptapleurum cinnamomeum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 150; ≡ Schefflera cinnamomea Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 415; ≡ Cephaloschefflera cinnamomea (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1700m. Native.
- Heptapleurum clementis (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 150; ≡ Schefflera clementis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 156; EPFP 3 (1923) 226. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao. Notes: Forests along streams, c. 650m. Native.
- Heptapleurum crassifolium (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 150; ≡ Schefflera crassifolia Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 332; EPFP 3 (1923) 227. = Schefflera longispicata Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 227. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Sorsogon. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum crassissimum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 150; ≡ Schefflera crassissima Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 195; ≡ Cephaloschefflera crassissima (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232; Type: BS 19379 Ramos (US, iso), Luzon: Quezon, Mt Pular, 900m, on trees, 15-Jan-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: On trees, probably in the mossy forest at or above 700m. Native.
- Heptapleurum cumingii Seem., J. Bot. 3 (1865) 81; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2438; ≡ Schefflera cumingii (Seem.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 38 (1894) 39; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 227. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: ?Aurora (photos), Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: Lowland primary forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum curranii (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 151; ≡ Schefflera curranii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 199; EPFP 3 (1923) 227. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11, as Schefflera curanii). Native.
- Heptapleurum demesae (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 151; ≡ Schefflera demesae Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 330; EPFP 3 (1923) 227. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Along streams in lowland forests. Native.
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Heptapleurum ellipticum (Blume) Seem., J. Bot. 3 (1865) 78;
≡ Schefflera elliptica (Blume) Harms in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 38 (1894) 39;
≡ Sciodaphyllum ellipticum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1826) 878.
Distribution:
BASILAN, BATANES, LUZON, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY.
Native.
- var. ellipticum; ≡ Schefflera agusanensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2340; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 225. = Schefflera nitida Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 204; EPFP 3 (1923) 230. = Schefflera odorata (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 117; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 358; EPFP 3 (1923) 230; ≡ Polyscias odorata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 226. Distribution: China, India, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam to Australia. BASILAN, BATANES, LUZON, MINDANAO, PALAWAN, PANAY (photos). Notes: Batanes and N Luzon to Palawan, Mindanao and Basilan. Common in primary and secondary forests from sea level to medium elevation, occurring in most or all islands and provinces. Native.
- Heptapleurum elliptifoliolum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 152; ≡ Schefflera elliptifoliola Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 320; EPFP 3 (1923) 227. = Schefflera aurantiicarpa Elmer ex Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 227, as 'auranticarpa'. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO, MINDORO. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum eucaudatum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 152; ≡ Schefflera eucaudata Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 200; EPFP 3 (1923) 227. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum feriarum (Frodin) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 153; ≡ Schefflera feriarum Frodin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 138 (1986) 422; Type: Sandkuhl 159 (US, holo; K, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio and vicinity. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Known only from the type. Native.
- Heptapleurum foetidum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 153; ≡ Schefflera foetida Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 290; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 228. = Schefflera williamsii C.B.Rob., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 211; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 231. = Schefflera paniculata Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 585. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao, MINDORO, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forests, 1000-1900m. Native.
- Heptapleurum foxworthyi (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 153; ≡ Schefflera foxworthyi Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 254; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
- Heptapleurum gigantifolium (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 153; ≡ Schefflera gigantifolia Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 157; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Lanao, Misamis, Zamboanga. Notes: Primary forests, 650-1000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum glabrum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 153; ≡ Schefflera glabra Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 201; EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Mossy forests, c. 1500m. Native.
- Heptapleurum globosum (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 153; ≡ Schefflera globosa Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 437; EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: On trees in medium elevation forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum gracilipes (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 154; ≡ Schefflera gracilipes Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 158; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao. Notes: Forests along streams, c. 650m. Native.
- Heptapleurum halconense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 154; ≡ Schefflera halconensis Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 415; EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Damp primary forests, 900m. Native.
- Heptapleurum heptaphyllum (L.) Y.F.Deng, Med. Fl. China 7 (2018) 484; ≡ Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 104 (1991) 314; ≡ Vitis heptaphylla L., Mant. Pl. 2 (1771) 212. = Schefflera octophylla (Lour.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 38 (1894) 38; Hatusima, Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ. 5 (1966) 43; ≡ Aralia octophylla Lour., Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 187. Distribution: China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Vietnam. BATAN. Notes: From Mt Iraya, 300m. Locally very rare. Native.
- Heptapleurum heterocladum (Frodin) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 154; ≡ Schefflera heteroclada Frodin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 138 (1986) 416; Type: J.V. Santos 5691 (US, holo; L, PUH, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Sur, Tirad Pass. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Sur. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Known only from the type. Native.
- Heptapleurum insularum Seem., J. Bot. 3 (1865) 80; Coritico et al., PJS 151 (2022) 2438; ≡ Schefflera insularum (Seem.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 38 (1894) 39; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 228. = Schefflera digitata (Blanco) Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 294, nom. illeg., non J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.; EPFP 3 (1923) 227; ≡ Polyscias digitata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 224. = Aralia octophylla Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 158, nom. illeg. = Schefflera decidua Elmer, LPB 10 (1938) 3641. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Lanao, MINDORO, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Common in lowland primary forests along streams. Native.
- Heptapleurum leytense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 157; ≡ Schefflera leytensis Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 211; EPFP 3 (1923) 228. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE. Notes: Forests, c. 1150m. Native.
- Heptapleurum longifrutescens (Elmer) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 158, as 'longifructescens'; ≡ Schefflera longifrutescens Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 331; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Lanao, Misamis, SIARGAO. Notes: Primary forests at medium elevation. Native.
- Heptapleurum luzoniense (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Novon 28 (2020) 158; ≡ Schefflera luzoniensis Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 218; EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: Forests, 1000-2000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum macgregorii (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 158; ≡ Schefflera macgregorii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 202; EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao. Notes: Forests, probably above 1500m. Native.
- Heptapleurum macranthum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 158; ≡ Schefflera macrantha Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Suppl. 156. = Schefflera mindanaensis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Suppl. 157. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO. Native.
- Heptapleurum merrillii (Elmer) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 159; ≡ Schefflera merrillii Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2335; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: Primary forests, c. 900m. Native.
- Heptapleurum merrittii (Frodin) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 159; ≡ Schefflera merrittii Frodin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 138 (1986) 418; Type: FB 18100 Curran, Merritt & Zschokke (US, holo), Luzon: Benguet, Mt Pulog. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Known only from the type. Native.
- Heptapleurum microphyllum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 159; ≡ Schefflera microphylla Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 218; EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province. Notes: Mossy forests on the higher mountains, 1800-2400m. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Schefflera microphylla). Native.
- Heptapleurum minutipetiolatum (Frodin) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 159; ≡ Schefflera minutipetiolata Frodin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 138 (1986) 410; Type: J.V. Santos 5667 (US, holo; L, PUH, iso), Luzon: Mountain Province, Besao, along creek near Lake Bana-an. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Known only from the type. Native.
- Heptapleurum multiflorum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 160; ≡ Schefflera multiflora Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 203; EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon. Notes: Forests along streams, c. 900m. Native.
- Heptapleurum multiramosum (Elmer) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 160; ≡ Schefflera multiramosa Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2332; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Davao. Notes: Forested ridges, 1050-1650m. Native.
- Heptapleurum myrianthellum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 160; ≡ Schefflera myrianthella Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 320; EPFP 3 (1923) 229. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Notes: Damp lowland and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum obliquum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 160; ≡ Schefflera obliqua Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 159; EPFP 3 (1923) 230. = Schefflera populnea Elmer, LPB 10 (1934) 3644; Type: Elmer 15760 (NA, NY, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Lanao, Surigao, Zamboanga. Notes: Primary forests and secondary forests, 0-650m. Native.
- Heptapleurum oblongifolium (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 160; ≡ Schefflera oblongifolia Merr., PJS 5 c (1910) Bot. 369; ≡ Cephaloschefflera oblongifolia (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232. = Schefflera albida Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 94; ≡ Cephaloschefflera albida (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 231. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, NEGROS. Notes: Mossy forest, 1000-2200m. Native.
- Heptapleurum obtusifolium (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 161; ≡ Schefflera obtusifolia Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 435; EPFP 3 (1923) 230. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Notes: On trees and on rocks on forested slopes at low and medium elevation. Native.
- Heptapleurum ovoideum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 161; ≡ Schefflera ovoidea Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 160; ≡ Cephaloschefflera ovoidea (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232. = Cephaloschefflera apoensis (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 232; ≡ Schefflera apoensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2334. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao. Notes: Forests, 600-2000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum palawanense (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 162; ≡ Schefflera palawanensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 204; EPFP 3 (1923) 230; Type: Merrill 9221, Palawan: Taytay, thickets bordering grasslands at sea level. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Thickets bordering open grasslands at low elevation. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11, as Schefflera palawanensis). Native.
- Heptapleurum panayense (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 162; ≡ Schefflera panayensis Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 439; ≡ Cephaloschefflera panayensis (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 233. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS (photos), PANAY. Notes: Mossy forests, probably above 1000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum pawoiense (Frodin) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 162; ≡ Schefflera pawoiensis Frodin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 138 (1986) 417; Type: BS 321768 J.K. Santos (US, holo; GH, K, NSW, PNH, UC, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Pawoy (Pauai). Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Known only from the type. Native.
- Heptapleurum philippinense G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 163; ≡ Schefflera obovata Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 329; EPFP 3 (1923) 230. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon (photos). Native.
- Heptapleurum piperoideum (Elmer) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 163; ≡ Schefflera piperoidea Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 330; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 230. = Schefflera trifoliata Merr. & Rolfe, PJS 3 c (1908) 118; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 231. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO. Notes: Low and medium elevation primary forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum platyphyllum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 163; ≡ Schefflera platyphylla Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 438; EPFP 3 (1923) 230. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Along small streams in lowland forest. Native.
- Heptapleurum santosii (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 165; ≡ Schefflera santosii Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 438; EPFP 3 (1923) 231. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Notes: Damp forested ravines, 1600-2000m. Native.
- Heptapleurum simplicifolium (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 166; ≡ Schefflera simplicifolia Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 159; EPFP 3 (1923) 231. = Schefflera sorsogonensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1938) 3646, nom. inval., no Latin descr. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Lanao, Zamboanga, NEGROS, POLILLO. Notes: In damp and primary forests at low and medium elevation. Native.
- Heptapleurum stellulatum (Merr.) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 166; ≡ Schefflera stellulata Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 318; EPFP 3 (1923) 231. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Notes: Medium elevation forest. Native.
- Heptapleurum subdivaricatum (Merr. ex Frodin) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 167; ≡ Schefflera subdivaricata Merr. ex Frodin in Frodin & Govaerts, World Checklist Bibliogr. Araliaceae (2004) 379; ≡ Schefflera divaricata Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 199, nom. illeg., non (Blume) Koord.; EPFP 3 (1923) 227, nom. illeg. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
- Heptapleurum urdanetense (Elmer) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry, Novon 28 (2020) 166; ≡ Schefflera urdanetensis Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2337; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 231. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Dense primary forests, 1700m. Native.
Cultivated, not naturalized
Hydrocotyle
Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser & John Paul Collantes, 2 October 2020
- Hydrocotyle benguetensis Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 628; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 237; Type: Elmer 8903, Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, Mar-1907. Distribution: Japan, Korea, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Benguet. Native.
- Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb., Diss. Hydrocot. (1798) No. 17; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 237; Buwalda, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1949) 115. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Java, Korea, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Benguet, Mountain Province. Native.
- Hydrocotyle pseudoconferta Masam., J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 4 (1932) 301; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: China, ?Japan, Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Pangasinan, Rizal, Sorsogon. Native.
- Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Encycl. 3 (1789) 153; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 237; Buwalda, Fl.Males. ser. 1, 4 (1949) 115; Type: from Mauritius. = Hydrocotyle rotundifolia Roxb. ex DC., Prodr. 4 (1820) 64. = Hydrocotyle delicata Elmer, LPB 2 (1909) 629; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 237. Distribution: Africa, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Java, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam. LUZON: Abra, Albay, Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, NEGROS. Native.
Mackinlaya
- Mackinlaya celebica (Harms) Philipson, Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. 1 (1951) 8; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 27; ≡ Anomopanax celebicus Harms, Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 19 (1904) 14. = Anomopanax digitatus Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 301; EPFP 3 (1923) 236, as ‘Anompanax’. = Anomopanax philippinensis Harms, Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 19 (1904) 15; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 236, as ‘Anompanax’. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. MINDANAO: Davao, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests, ascending to 1000m. Native.
Osmoxylon
Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 27 December 2021
- Osmoxylon camiguinense (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 113; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 48; ≡ Boerlagiodendron camiguinense Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 252, 424; EPFP 3 (1923) 222; Type: Fettix BS 4135, Camiguin. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, CAMIGUIN, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Forested slope, 500m. Native.
- Osmoxylon catanduanense (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 105; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 37; ≡ Boerlagiodendron catanduanense Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 318; EPFP 3 (1923) 222; Type: Bur. Sci. 30438 Ramos, 18-Nov-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES. Notes: Note by L.L.Co: Known only from the type. Forested slopes, c. 350m. Native.
- Osmoxylon caudatum (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 105; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 37; ≡ Boerlagiodendron caudatum Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 440; EPFP 3 (1923) 222; Type: Bur. Sci. 33308 Ramos, Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Mt Palimlim, forested slopes near the summit, c. 1000m, 21-Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte. Native.
- Osmoxylon dinagatense (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 103; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 34; ≡ Boerlagiodendron dinagatense Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 301; EPFP 3 (1923) 222; Type: Bur. Sci. 35220 Ramos & Pascasio, 12-May-1919, Dinagat: in forests at low elevation. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT. Native.
- Osmoxylon eminens (W.Bull) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 114; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 48; ≡ Boerlagiodendron eminens (W.Bull) Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 223; ≡ Trevesia eminens W.Bull, Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 199 (1884) 17; Type: from Caroline Islands. Distribution: BASILAN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Primary forests at moderately low elevation (100m) to ridge forest and mossy forest at 950m. Often in shady ravines. Native.
- Osmoxylon fenicis (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 114; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 48; ≡ Boerlagiodendron fenicis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 44; EPFP 3 (1923) 223. = Boerlagiodendron tayabense Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 45; EPFP 3 (1923) 224. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Cagayan, Isabela, Quezon, Rizal. Notes: In primary dipterocarp forest, rocky slopes near streams, 40-400m. Native.
- Osmoxylon heterophyllum (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 106; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 38; ≡ Boerlagiodendron heterophyllum Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 329; EPFP 3 (1923) 223; Type: Weber 1126, Mindanao, Butuan, Mt Hilong-Hilong, 29-Mar-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forest, under shade near creek, 100-550m. Native.
- Osmoxylon humile (Elmer) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 111; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 44; ≡ Boerlagiodendron humile Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2327; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 223; Type: Elmer 10860, Mindanao, Davao, Todaya (Mt Apo), Jun-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur. Notes: Damp fertile ground in dense forest, 1000m. Native.
- Osmoxylon lineare (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 106; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 39; ≡ Boerlagiodendron lineare Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 253; EPFP 3 (1923) 223; Type: BS 4953 Ramos (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Pangasinan, Dec-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pangasinan, NEGROS. Notes: Rheophytic in Negros. Native.
- Osmoxylon luzoniense (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 116; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 52; ≡ Boerlagiodendron luzoniense Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 252, 424; EPFP 3 (1923) 223. = Boerlagiodendron agusanense Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2330; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 222. = Boerlagiodendron clementis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 155, 424; EPFP 3 (1923) 222. = Boerlagiodendron diversifolium Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 333, 424; EPFP 3 (1923) 223. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LEYTE, LUZON: Benguet, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, SIARGAO, SIASI. Notes: In forests, often along streams; ridges in mossy forests, 280-1650m. Native.
- Osmoxylon oblongifolium Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 105; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 37; Type: Sulit & Conese 2776 (L, ?PNH), Samar: Bagacay, Concord, 26-Apr-2018. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte (photos), SAMAR. Notes: Known from Samar from PNH 15321 Edaño. Dipterocarp forest, along creek bank, 200m. Native.
- Osmoxylon pectinatum (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 111; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 45; ≡ Boerlagiodendron pectinatum Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 253, 424; EPFP 3 (1923) 224; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BATAN, BATANES. Notes: Forested slope, 650m. Native.
- Osmoxylon pulcherrimum S.Vidal ex Fern.-Vill., Novis. App. (1880) 102; Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 107; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 40. = Boerlagiodendron sibuyanense Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2328. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CEBU, LUZON: Abra, Aurora, Camarines Sur, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MARINDUQUE, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: Damp primary forests, 225-800m. Native.
- Osmoxylon ramosii (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 110; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 43; ≡ Boerlagiodendron ramosii Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) Bot. 27; EPFP 3 (1923) 224. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Camarines Sur, Quezon, Sorsogon. Notes: Low-lying, wet ground, in forest, or on forested slopes, 700-800m. Native.
- Osmoxylon serratifolium (Elmer) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 114; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 49; ≡ Boerlagiodendron serratifolium Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 505; EPFP 3 (1923) 224; Type: Elmer 7194, Leyte, Leyte, Palo, Jan-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, PANAY. Native.
- Osmoxylon simplicifolium (Elmer) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 103; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 34; ≡ Boerlagiodendron simplicifolium Elmer, LPB 7 (1914) 2329; EPFP 3 (1923) 224; Type: Elmer 13689, Mindanao, Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao Oriental, SAMAR (photos). Notes: Wind-swept ridge at 1750m, on moss-covered soil with stone. Native.
- Osmoxylon trilobatum (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 116; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 51; ≡ Boerlagiodendron trilobatum Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 289; EPFP 3 (1923) 224. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CAMIGUIN, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Abra, Cagayan, Laguna, Quezon, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Primary forests, frequently beside streams in damp ravines, 75-750m. Native.
- Osmoxylon yatesii (Merr.) Philipson, Blumea 23 (1976) 106; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 38; ≡ Boerlagiodendron yatesii Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 44; EPFP 3 (1923) 225; Type: Bur. Sci. 25418 Yates, Luzon, Tayabas, Mt Cadig, 12-Dec-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, DINAGAT, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Quezon. Notes: Mossy forest, 1250m. Native.
Polyscias
Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 15 January 2023
- Polyscias aherniana (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Pl. Divers. Evol. 128 (2010) 68; ≡ Arthrophyllum ahernianum Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 109; EPFP 3 (1923) 235; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 56. Distribution: Borneo, Moluccas, Philippines. BILIRAN, BUSUANGA, DINAGAT, GUIMARAS, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Isabela, Laguna, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO, SIBUYAN. Notes: Throughout the Philippines in primary and second-growth forest, from the lowlands to 1000m. Native.
- Polyscias borneensis Philipson, Blumea 24 (1978) 170; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 80. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, PALAWAN. Notes: Known from Mt Mantalingahan. Montane forest, 1500m. Native.
- Polyscias cenabrei (Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Pl. Divers. Evol. 128 (2010) 68; ≡ Arthrophyllum cenabrei Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 417; EPFP 3 (1923) 235; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 65; Type: FB 28343 Cenabre, Cebu: on slopes at 600m. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, PALAWAN. Notes: Low elevation forests, ascending to 600m. Native.
- Polyscias florosa Philipson, Blumea 24 (1978) 170; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 79. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Albay, Sorsogon. Notes: Forests up to 560m. Native.
- Polyscias nodosa (Blume) Seem., J. Bot. 3 (1865) 181; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 233; Bean, Austrobaileya 9 (2015) 451; Batuyong et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3973; Villanueva et al., Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 6496; ≡ Aralia nodosa Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1826) 873. Distribution: Australia, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi. BASILAN, BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, NCR, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Disturbed lowland forests and associated thickets generally, ascending to 1000m. Native.
- Polyscias philippinensis (Merr.) Frodin, Gard. Bull. Singapore 71 (2019) 183; ≡ Tetraplasandra philippinensis Merr., PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 219; EPFP 3 (1923) 222; Type: FB 3809 Curran (K, lecto), Palawan: Casuarina Point, back of the beach and in forest along the seashore, Mar-1906. = Gastonia papuana auct. non Miq.; Philipson, Blumea 18 (1970) 492. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, PALAWAN. Native.
- Polyscias pulgarensis (Elmer) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett, Pl. Divers. Evol. 128 (2010) 70; ≡ Arthrophyllum pulgarense Elmer, LPB 7 (1915) 2551; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 235; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 65. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, PALAWAN. Notes: Montane thickets, 1200m. Common. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
Cultivated, not naturalized
- Polyscias cumingiana (C.Presl) Fern.-Vill., Nov. App. (1880) 102; Philipson, Blumea 24 (1978) 169; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 76; ≡ Anomopanax cumingianus (C.Presl) Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 300; EPFP 3 (1923) 236, as ‘Anompanax’; ≡ Paratropia cumingiana C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (1851) 250. = Nothopanax crispatus (W.Bull) Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 241; Fl. Manila (1912) 357; EPFP 3 (1923) 233; ≡ Panax crispatus W.Bull, Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 242 (1888) 9. = ?Nothopanax ornatus (W.Bull) Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 241; Fl. Manila (1912) 357; EPFP 3 (1923) 234; ≡ Panax ornatus W.Bull, Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 242 (1888) 9. Distribution: Pacific Ocean, Philippines. Notes: Lowlands usually, up to 1700m. Cultivated as an ornamental; native range unknown (Lowry & Plunkett 2010). Note by P.B. Pelser (6-Nov-20): According to Merrill (1923) planted in the Philippines for ornamental purposes, but nowhere spontaneous, so I here assume that it is probably not native to the Philippines. Cultivated, not naturalized.
- Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 38 (1894) 45; Philipson, Blumea 24 (1978) 169; Philipson, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 73; ≡ Nothopanax fruticosus (L.) Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1856) 765; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 358; EPFP 3 (1923) 233; ≡ Panax fruticosus L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1513. = Nothopanax fruticosus var. plumata (W.Bull ex W.Richards) Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 358; EPFP 3 (1923) 234; ≡ Panax plumatus W.Bull ex W.Richards, Gard. Chron., n.s., 9 (1878) 439. = Nothopanax fruticosus var. victoriae (W.Bull) Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 358; EPFP 3 (1923) 234; ≡ Panax victoriae W.Bull, Nursery Cat. 193 (1883) 15. Notes: Native country not properly known. Cultivated throughout Malesia and other parts of the Indo-Pacific tropics, commonly as an ornamental or hedge shrub. Low to moderate elevation (c. 1000m). Cultivated only? Cultivated, not naturalized.
- Polyscias guilfoylei (W.Bull) L.H.Bailey, Rhodora 18 (1916) 153; Philipson, Blumea 24 (1978) 169; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 76; ≡ Nothopanax guilfoylei (W.Bull) Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 242; Fl. Manila (1912) 357; EPFP 3 (1923) 234; ≡ Aralia guilfoylei W.Bull, Gard. Chron. 1873 (1873) 606. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Moluccas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean. Notes: Cultivated throughout Malesia and tropical Pacific. Usually planted as a hedge plant. Cultivated only? Cultivated, not naturalized.
- Polyscias pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst., Char. Gen. Pl. (1776) 64. Distribution: Pacific Ocean. Notes: Naturalized in the Philippines? Also considered as a synonym of Polyscias scutellaria (Lowry & Plunkett 2010). Only known from cultivation (Plunkett & Lowry 2010). Cultivated, not naturalized.
- Polyscias scutellaria (Burm.f.) Fosberg, Univ. Hawaii Occ. Pap. 46 (1948) 9; Philipson, Blumea 24 (1978) 169; Fl. Males. ser. 1, 9 (1979) 75; ≡ Nothopanax scutellarius (Burm.f.) Merr., Interp. Herb. Amboin. (1917) 409, as 'scutellarium'; ≡ Crassula scutellaria Burm.f., Fl. Ind. (1768) 78. = Nothopanax cochleatus (Lam.) Miq., Pl. Jungh. 3 (1855) 425; Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1856) 766; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 357; ≡ Aralia cochleata Lam., Encycl. 1 (1783) 224. = Nothopanax tricochleatus Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. (1861) 340; Merr., EPFP 3 (1923) 234. Distribution: Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Solomon Isls. Notes: Cultivated throughout Malesia and tropical Pacific, commonly as an ornamental or hedge shrub. Low to moderate elevation. Only known from cultivation (Plunkett & Lowry 2010). Cultivated, not naturalized.
Trachymene
Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 28 November 2019
- Trachymene saniculifolia Stapf, Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. (1894) 167; Buwalda, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (1949) 118; Hart & Henwood, Australian Syst. Bot. 19 (2006) 23; ≡ Didiscus saniculifolius (Stapf) Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 292; EPFP 3 (1923) 238. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, New Guinea, Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
References
- 📋 Bean AR. 2015. A conspectus of Polyscias J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (Araliaceae) in Queensland, Australia. Austrobaileya 9: 445-456
- 📋 DENR Administrative Order. 2017. Updated national list of threatened Philippine plants and their categories. DAO 2017-11
- 📋 Du, X-C & Y Ren. 2010. Hydrocotyle changanensis (Araliaceae), a new species from Shaanxi, China. Annales Botanici Fennici 47: 403-408
- 📋 Frodin DG. 2019. Should a flora account be taken for granted? A fresh look at Polyscias serratifolia (Araliaceae). Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 71: 171-188
- Frodin, DG & R Govaerts. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae. The University of Chicago Press.
- Frodin, DG. 1986. Studies in Schefflera (Araliaceae), II. Northern Luzon (Philippines) Species of the Heptapleurum Group. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 403-425.
- 📋 Frodin, DG. 1998. Notes on Osmoxylon (Araliaceae), II. Flora Malesiana Bulletin 12: 153-156
- 📋 Lowry II, PP & GM Plunkett. 2010. Recircumscription of Polyscias (Araliaceae) to include six related genera, with a new infrageneric classification and a synopsis of species. Plant Diversity and Evolution 128 55-84
- Lowry II, PP & GM Plunkett. 2020. Resurrection of the genus Heptapleurum for the Asian clade of species previously included in Schefflera (Araliaceae). Novon 28: 143-170.
- 📋 Philipson, WR. 1970. A redefinition of Gastonia and related genera (Araliaceae). Blumea 16: 497-505
- 📋 Philipson, WR. 1970. The Malesian species of Gastonia (Araliaceae). Blumea 18: 491-495
- 📋 Philipson, WR. 1976. A synopsis of the Malesian species of Osmoxylon (including Boerlagiodendron), Araliaceae. Blumea 23: 99-119
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