Annonaceae

Alphonsea Hook.f. & Thomson

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 13 September 2020
  1. Alphonsea javanica Scheff., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 31 (1870) 340; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 415; Type: from Java (lecto). Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. LUZON: Isabela, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Alphonsea monogyna Merr. & Chun, Sunyatsenia 2 (1934) 26. Distribution: China, ?Philippines. ?LUZON: ?Aurora. Notes: Possibly represented in the Philippines by photos by Jay Edneil Olivar & Rudolph Docot.

Anaxagorea St.Hil.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 9 January 2021
  1. Anaxagorea javanica Blume, Fl. Javae Anon. (1830) 66; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 421; Paguntalan et al., Project Tawsi: Sulu Hornbill Project (2020) 42; Type: from Java (lecto). Distribution: JOLO, LUZON: Pangasinan, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Zamboanga, MINDORO, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
    • var. tripetala Corner, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem., ser. 3, 19 (1939) 12; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 422; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. = Polyalthia williamsii C.B.Rob., PJS 3 (1908) Bot. 181; Type: Williams 2306 (NY, lecto; NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River. = Anaxagorea radiata C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 66; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 158; Type: Williams 3018 (NY, holo; NY, UC, iso), Jolo. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand. JOLO, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, TAWI-TAWI. Native.
  2. Anaxagorea luzonensis A.Gray, Bot. Wilkes US Explor. Exped. (1854) 27; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 158; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 423; Type: United States Exploring Expedition s.n. (US, lecto; GH, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna, Los Baños, 1838-1842. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Moluccas, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam. GUIMARAS, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Surigao, MINDORO, PANAY. Native.

Annona L. (Not native)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 21 November 2021
  1. Annona reticulata L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 537; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 207; EPFP 2 (1923) 177. Distribution: C & S America, Caribbean. Naturalized.
  2. Annona squamosa L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 537; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 208; EPFP 2 (1923) 177. Distribution: Neotropics. Naturalized.

Cultivated, not naturalized

  1. Annona × atemoya Mabb., Paradisus (1998) 143. Notes: Hybrid between Annona cherimola and Annona squamosa. Cultivated, not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.
  2. Annona cherimola Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) 5. Distribution: Neotropics. Cultivated, not naturalized.
  3. Annona glabra L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 537. Distribution: Africa, America. Notes: Cultivated. Invasive in mangroves in Australia and Sri Lanka. Cultivated, not naturalized.
  4. Annona montana Macfad., Fl. Jamaica 1 (1837) 7. = Annona marcgravii Mart., Fl. Bras. 13 (1841) 5. Distribution: C & S America, Caribbean. Notes: Cultivated, not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.
  5. Annona mucosa Jacq., Observ. Bot. 1 (1764) 16; ≡ Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill., Adansonia 8 (1868) 268. Distribution: C & S America, Caribbean. Notes: Cultivated, not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.
  6. Annona muricata L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 536; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 207; EPFP 2 (1923) 177. Distribution: C America, Caribbean. Notes: Cultivated, not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Artabotrys R.Br.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Artabotrys cagayanensis Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 384; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 172; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 426; Type: Castillo BS 22719 (P, lecto; K, isolecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Apr/May-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. Notes: Forested slopes at low elevations. Native.
  2. Artabotrys cumingianus S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 92; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 172; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 427; Type: Cuming 970 (K, lecto; B, BM, E, K, MEL, isolecto), Luzon: Albay, 1841. = Artabotrys cumingianus var. subglabrus Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1705, as 'subglabra'; Type: Elmer 12338 (E, lecto), Sibuyan: Mt Guiting-guiting, Apr-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, La Union, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Rizal, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.
  3. Artabotrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari, Baileya 12 (1965) 149; ≡ Annona hexapetala L.f., Suppl. Pl. (1782) 270; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 429; Type: from India. = Uvaria sinensis Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 465; Type: Merrill: Species Blancoanae No. 964 (P, neo; K, L, NY, US, isoneo), Luzon: Rizal, Antipolo, Jan-1915. = Artabotrys uncinatus (Lam.) Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 234; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 206; EPFP 2 (1923) 173; ≡ Annona uncinata Lam., Encycl. 2 (1786) 127. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Batangas, Rizal. Native.
  4. Artabotrys luteus Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 290; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 172; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 432; Type: Elmer 9136 (NY, lecto; A, E, K, L, MO, US, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, May-1907. = Artabotrys cumingianus var. reticulatus Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1706, as 'reticulata'; Type: Elmer 13608, Mindanao: Mt Urdaneta. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Forests up to 1100m. Native.
  5. Artabotrys suaveolens (Blume) Blume, Fl. Jav. Annon. (1828) 62; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 173; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 256; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 438; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2217; ≡ Unona suaveolens Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 17; Type: from Java. = Artabotrys corniculatus (Blanco) Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 150, as 'corniculata'; EPFP 2 (1923) 173; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 258; ≡ Unona corniculata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 469; Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 326; Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 2 (1878) 240; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 298 (Ramos s.n.) (US, neo; BM, K, L, NY, isoneo), Luzon: Laguna, 15-Mar-1913. = Artabotrys rolfei S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 39; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 173; Type: Cuming 1099 (K, lecto; BM, E, MA, MEL, isolecto), Luzon: Albay, 1841. = Artabotrys monogynus Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 383; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 173; Type: BS 26826 Edaño (K lecto; A, US, isolecto), Luzon: Zambales, Mt Canaynayan, Castillejos, Dec-1916. Distribution: Bangladesh, Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand. BASILAN, GUIMARAS, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Cavite, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Tarlac, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAWAN, POLILLO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: In dry thickets and in second growth forests at low elevations. Native.
  6. Artabotrys vidalianus Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1707, as 'vidaliana'; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 173; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 441; Type: Elmer 13007 (E, L, syn), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Low elevation forest, c. 150m. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.

Needs name

  1. Artabotrys stolonifer Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3684, as 'stolonifera', nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 14610 (A, GH, K, L, MO, NY, U), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin (Mt Bulusan), Oct-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon. Native.

Cananga (DC.) Hook.f. & Thomson (Not native)

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 29 February 2020
  1. Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 130; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 324; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 443; ≡ Canangium odoratum (Lam.) Baill. ex King, J. As. Soc. Beng. 612 (1892) 41; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 208; EPFP 2 (1923) 158; ≡ Uvaria odorata Lam., Encycl. 1 (1785) 595. = Unona odoratissima Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 467; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 466 (Ramos s.n.) (US, neo; A, B, BM, BO, CAL, F, GH, K, L, MO, NSW, NY, P, U, UC, W, isoneo), Luzon: Rizal, Antipolo, 6-Jan-1914. = Unona ossea Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 467; ≡ Uvaria ossea (Blanco) Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2 (1845) 322; Type: Barbon, Romero & Funtes PPI 8370 (K, neo; BP, PNH, isoneo), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog, 9-Jun-1992. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra. Notes: Planted in most of the tropics, native distribution uncertain. Throughout the Philippines in cultivation, occurring in some forested areas up to an elevation of 800m. Unclear if it is native to the Philippines. Naturalized.
    • var. odorata. Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra. Naturalized.

Cyathocalyx Champ. ex Hook.f. & Thomson

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 28 August 2022
  1. Cyathocalyx globosus Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 17; EPFP 2 (1923) 174; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 445; Type: FB 560 Barnes (NY, lecto; BM, BO, K, SING, US, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, Mar-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, La Union, Laguna (photos), Quezon, Rizal. Notes: In primary forests at low and medium elevations. Native.

Dasymaschalon (Hook.f. & Thomson) Dalla Torre & Harms

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 29 February 2020
  1. Dasymaschalon clusiflorum (Merr.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 237; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 175; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 448; ≡ Unona clusiflora Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 1; Type: Merrill 2521 (K, lecto; BM, HBG, K, NSW, NY, US, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, 11 to 14-Jun-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BABUYAN ISLS, BILIRAN, BOHOL, CALAYAN, DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Ifugao, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Throughout the Philippines; common in forests and thickets at low and medium elevations, sometimes on limestone, ascending to 1300m in the Cordillera Highlands of N Luzon. Native.
  2. Dasymaschalon megalanthum (Merr.) Jing Wang & R.M.K.Saunders, Nordic J. Bot. 29 (2012) 675; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 451; ≡ Dasymaschalon clusiflorum var. megalanthum Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 237; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 175; Type: FB 10686 Curran (L, lecto; NY, isolecto), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Caramoan Peninsula, Jun-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur. Native.
  3. Dasymaschalon oblongatum Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 237; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 175; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 452; ≡ Dasymaschalon clusiflorum var. oblongatum (Merr.) Bân, Bot. Zhurn. 60 (1975) 231; Type: Merrill 9703 (L, lecto; A, BM, BO, BRI, K, NSW, NY, SING, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet, Baguio, May-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Native.

Desmos Lour.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 October 2022
  1. Desmos chinensis Lour., Fl. Cochin. (1790) 352; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 266; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 455; ≡ Desmos cochinchinensis auct. non Lour.; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 158; Type: from China. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam. BASILAN, BUSUANGA, LUZON: Camarines Norte, NCR, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, PALAWAN. Notes: Low and medium elevation thickets and forests. Native.

Drepananthus Maingay ex Hook.f.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 29 February 2020
  1. Drepananthus acuminatus (C.B.Rob.) Survesw. & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 59 (2010) 1730; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 465; ≡ Cyathocalyx acuminatus C.B.Rob., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35 (1908) 66; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 173; Type: R.S. Williams 2143 (NY, holo; GH, K, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 8-Feb-1905. = Drepananthus philippinensis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) 137; EPFP 2 (1923) 175; ≡ Cyathocalyx philippinensis (Merr.) J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Singapore 14 (1955) 239; Type: M.S. Clemens s.n. (BO, lecto; M, isolecto), Mindanao; Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jul-1907. = Drepananthus longiflorus C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) 201; Type: BS 10353 McGregor (US, lecto; B, isolecto), Polillo: Oct/Nov-1909. Distribution: Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON: Camarines Norte, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Low-medium elevation forests. Native.
  2. Drepananthus apoensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1708; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 466; ≡ Cyathocalyx apoensis (Elmer) J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Singapore 14 (1955) 239; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 174; Type: Elmer 11290 (L, lecto; BISH, BO, E, GH, HBG, K, MO, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Todaya (Mt Apo), Aug-1909. = Drepananthus convocarii Quisumb., PJS 76 c (1944) 196; Type: BS 84112 Ramos & Convocar (A, lecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Asiga River, in damp forest, elevation c. 1000m, 23-Apr-1931. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests, ascending to 900m. Native.
  3. Drepananthus crassipetalus (R.J.Wang & R.M.K.Saunders) Survesw. & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 59 (2010) 1730; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 467; ≡ Cyathocalyx crassipetalus R.J.Wang & R.M.K.Saunders, Syst. Bot. 31 (2006) 291; Type: Dutierin et al. 105 (L 2 sheets, holo), Samar: Mt Coneoul, May-1969. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.
  4. Drepananthus samarensis (R.J.Wang & R.M.K.Saunders) Survesw. & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 59 (2010) 1731; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 472; ≡ Cyathocalyx samarensis R.J.Wang & R.M.K.Saunders, Syst. Bot. 31 (2006) 293; Type: Madulid et al. 1457 (L, holo; PNH 118420, ?iso), Samar: Bo. Sta Rosa, East Samar, May-1971. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Native.

Fissistigma Griff.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Fissistigma latifolium (Dunal) Merr., PJS 15 (1919) 132; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 359; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 479; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2217; ≡ Unona latifolia Dunal, Monogr. Anonac. (1817) 115; Type: from Indonesia. = Fissistigma rufum (C.Presl) Merr., PJS 15 (1919) 136; EPFP 2 (1923) 174; ≡ Annona rufa C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 2 (1831) 75; Type: Haenke s.n. (PR, lecto; BM, HAL, PRC, isolecto), Luzon. = Melodorum clementis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) 136; Type: M.S. Clemens s.n. (US, lecto; B, M, isolecto), Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jul-1907. = Friesodielsia multinervia (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 360; ≡ Oxymitra multinervia Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 388; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: BS 30456 Ramos (US, lecto; K, isolecto), Catanduanes: Calolbong, 10-Dec-1917. Distribution: Borneo, ?China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Bataan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, MINDORO. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Fissistigma fulgens (Hook.f. & Thomson) Merr., PJS 15 (1919) 131; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 353; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 472; ≡ Melodorum fulgens Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 120; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra. Notes: Not listed for the Philippines by Turner (2018).

Friesodielsia Steenis

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Friesodielsia auriculata (Elmer) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 358; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 490; ≡ Oxymitra auriculata Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1725; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 175; Type: Elmer 13586 (NY, lecto; BO, E, L, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, PANAY. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
  2. Friesodielsia bakeri (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 358; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 490; ≡ Oxymitra bakeri Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 259; EPFP 2 (1923) 175; Type: C.F. Baker 3691 (K, lecto; SING, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna, Paete, 28-Dec-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Albay, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon (photos), Rizal, Sorsogon. Notes: Lowland damp forest. Native.
  3. Friesodielsia lagunensis (Elmer) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 360; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 496; ≡ Oxymitra lagunensis Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 293; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: Elmer 9417 (K, neo), Luzon: Laguna, Los Banos, Apr-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Pangasinan, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga Sibugay, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
  4. Friesodielsia lanceolata (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 360; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 497; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2219; ≡ Oxymitra lanceolata Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 260; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: BS 15342 Ramos (K, lecto; A, B, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, Aug-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Rizal. Notes: Lowland and medium elevation forests. Native.
  5. Friesodielsia longiflora (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 360; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 497; ≡ Oxymitra longiflora Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 134; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: Clemens s.n. (NY, lecto; A, K, M, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jun-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay. Notes: Forests along streams, elevation c. 700m. Native.
  6. Friesodielsia mindorensis (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 360; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 498; ≡ Oxymitra mindorensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 455; EPFP 4 (1925) 248; Type: BS 41108 Ramos (US, lecto; A, B, K, P, isolecto), Mindoro: Pinamalayan, Jun-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
  7. Friesodielsia obtusifolia (Elmer) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 361; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 498; ≡ Oxymitra obtusifolia Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 294; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: Elmer 7813 (K, neo; CAL, L, isoneo), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, May-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO. Native.
  8. Friesodielsia oligophlebia (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 361; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 498; ≡ Oxymitra oligophlebia Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 250; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: BS 35068 Ramos & Pascasio (B, lecto; K, P, US, isolecto), Bucas Grande: 10-Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE. Notes: Dry forest at low elevation. Native.
  9. Friesodielsia paucinervis (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 361, as 'paucinervia'; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 499; ≡ Oxymitra paucinervis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 135; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: M.S. Clemens 624 (M, lecto), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, 1907. = Oxymitra urdanetensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1727; Type: Elmer 13946 (NY, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, BRIT, C, E, GH, HBG, K, MICH, MO, P, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur. Notes: Forest, elevation 700-1200m. Native.
  10. Friesodielsia philippinensis (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 361; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 499; ≡ Oxymitra philippinensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 261; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: Merrill 9413 (P, lecto; BO, L, P, US, isolecto), Palawan: Malampaya Bay, Binaloan, May-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  11. Friesodielsia platyphylla (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 361; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 499; ≡ Oxymitra platyphylla Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 388; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: FB 26360 Mabesa (K, lecto; A, US, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Maquiling, Molauin River, Jan/Feb-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna. Notes: Forests, 400-500m. Native.
  12. Friesodielsia pubescens (Merr.) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 361; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 499; ≡ Oxymitra pubescens Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 267; EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: BS 13870 Ramos (BM, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Abulug River, 26-Jan-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Friesodielsia glauca (Hook.f. & Thomson) Steenis, Blumea 12 (1964) 359; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 494; ≡ Oxymitra glauca Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 146; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 176; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Singapore, ?Sumatra. ?NEGROS. Notes: Lowland dipterocarp forest. P.B. Pelser (1-Mar-20): Not listed for the Philippines by Turner (2018); Merrill (1923) cites Whitford 1484 from Negros.

Goniothalamus Hook.f. & Thomson

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 29 October 2022
  1. Goniothalamus amuyon (Blanco) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 264; EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 502; ≡ Uvaria amuyon Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 463; ≡ Unona cauliflora Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2 (1845) 323, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 803 (Ramos s.n.) (NY, neo; K, L, NSW, US, isoneo), Luzon: Batangas, San José, 4-Feb-1915. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. BOHOL, CEBU, LUZON: Abra, Batangas, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO, MINDORO, NEGROS, SAMAR. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
    • var. amuyon. = Polyalthia sasakii Yamam., Icon. Pl. Formosan. Suppl. 3 (1927) 38; Type: from Taiwan. Distribution: Philippines, Taiwan. Native.
    • var. ramosii Bân, Bot. Zhurn. 59 (1974) 663; Type: BS 2918 Ramos & Edaño (NY, holo), Luzon. Distribution: LUZON: Quezon. Native.
  2. Goniothalamus catanduanensis Quisumb., PJS 76 (1944) 39; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 506; Type: BS 75183 Ramos & Edaño (NY, lecto; ?PNH isolecto), Catanduanes: Simamla, Jul to Sep-1920. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, LUZON: Camarines Sur. Notes: Along streams and forested slopes, low elevation to 900m. Native.
  3. Goniothalamus copelandii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 262; EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 507; Type: Merrill 8297 (P, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, San Ramon, Nov/Dec-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Forests, c. 900m. Native.
  4. Goniothalamus dolichocarpus Merr., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 85 (1922) 183; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte. Notes: P.B. Pelser & J.P. Collantes (20-Sep-20): Not listed for the Philippines by Turner (2018), but see Frake PNH36074 (L). Native.
  5. Goniothalamus dolichopetalus Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 221; EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 509; Type: BS 37073 Ramos & Edaño (P, neo), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Malangas, Oct/Nov-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, IGAT, MINDANAO: Lanao, Lanao del Norte, Misamis, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
    • var. dolichopetalus. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Lanao, Misamis, Zamboanga. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
    • var. basilensis Bân, Bot. Zhurn. 59 (1974) 671; Type: FB 24681 Tecson (NY, holo; K, P, iso), Basilan: Nov-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Lanao del Norte, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Forests at low elevation. Native.
  6. Goniothalamus elmeri Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 13; EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 510; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2219; Type: Elmer 6105 (NY, lecto; K, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Sablan, Apr-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, BILIRAN, BOHOL, CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Lanao, Surigao, Zamboanga, MINDORO, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN. Native.
    • var. elmeri. = Goniothalamus brunneus Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) 9; Type: BS 23680 Ramos (NY, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Luzon: Sorsogon, Mt Bulusan, Sep-1915. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO. Notes: N Luzon to Mindanao. A common, rather variable, widely distributed species in forests at low and medium elevation. Native.
    • var. gitingensis (Elmer) Bân, Bot. Zhurn. 59 (1974) 664; ≡ Goniothalamus gitingensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1710; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Type: Elmer 12507 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BRIT, E, G, GH, HBG, K, L, LE, MICH, MO, P, US, Z, isolecto), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-Giting, May-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, SIBUYAN. Native.
  7. Goniothalamus epiphyticus Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1711; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 511; Type: Elmer 13830 (NY, lecto; BISH, C, E, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, MINDORO. Notes: Terrestrial on forested ridges, and pseudoepiphytic in the mossy forest, 900-1500m. According to Merrill (1923), a species of uncertain status of which the flowers are unknown; perhaps not distinct from Goniothalamus elmeri Merr. Native.
  8. Goniothalamus gigantifolius Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 263; EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 513; Type: BS 18958 Miranda (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Basilan: Sep-1912. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BASILAN, LUZON, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Forests, c. 160m. Native.
  9. Goniothalamus lancifolius Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 385; EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 516; Type: BS 29992 Fénix (NY, lecto; A, K, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Pangasinan, Labrador, Mt San Isidro, Nov-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela, Pangasinan, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  10. Goniothalamus longistylus Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 386; EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 517; Type: BS 26639 Ramos & Edaño (NY, lecto; A, K, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Mt Dingalan, Aug/Sep-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  11. Goniothalamus luzonensis Ferreras & Arriola, Species (India) 21 (2020) 151; Type: Arriola, Bernaldo, Cañaveral, Ferreras, Pizarro & Venturina A17011 (PNH, holo; PNH, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Bagac, Sitio Gabon, Mt Mariveles, 655m, Apr-2017. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Conservation status: Critically Endangered (Arriola et al. 2020). Native.
  12. Goniothalamus magnificus Elmer, LPB 2 (1908) 473; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 519; Type: Elmer 7419 (K, lecto; A, G, L, LE, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, May-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Native.
  13. Goniothalamus mindorensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 453; EPFP 4 (1925) 248; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 520; Type: BS 41017 Ramos (P, lecto; A, B, K, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Pinamalayan, Jun-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Native.
  14. Goniothalamus obtusifolius Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 9; EPFP 2 (1923) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 522; Type: Merrill 2183 (NY, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Mindoro: Bongabon, May-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUSUANGA, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Dry forests at low elevations. Native.
  15. Goniothalamus palawanensis C.C.Tang & R.M.K.Saunders, PhytoKeys 32 (2013) 28; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 522; Type: C.C. Tang TCC10 (L, holo; PNH, iso), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Corrigutor, 31-May-2012. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Endangered (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  16. Goniothalamus panayensis Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 251; EPFP 2 (1923) 171; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 522; Type: BS 35290 Martelino & Edaño (K, lecto; A, US, isolecto), Panay: Aklan Prov (formerly part of Capiz Prov), Libacao Jun-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevations. Accoring to Merrill, distinctly allied to Goniothalamus amuyon. Native.
  17. Goniothalamus philippinensis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 135; EPFP 2 (1923) 171; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 523; Type: M.S. Clemens 1049 (NY, lecto; F, G, M, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Jun-1907. = Goniothalamus mindanaensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1712; Type: Elmer 14024 (NY, lecto; A, E, G, HBG, MO, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao, Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao, MINDORO, SAMAR. Native.
    • var. philippinensis. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Lanao del Sur, SAMAR. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
    • var. ramosii Bân, Bot. Zhurn. 59 (1974) 660; Type: BS 19470 Ramos & Edaño (NY, holo), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Mayo, Apr/May-1927. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, Davao Oriental, SAMAR. Native.
  18. Goniothalamus puncticulifolius Merr., PJS 20 (1922) 383; EPFP 2 (1923) 171; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 524; Type: BS 39660 Ramos (P, lecto; US, isolecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Occidental, Paluan, Apr-1921. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Dry forests at low elevations. Native.
  19. Goniothalamus sibuyanensis (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 171; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 528; ≡ Uvaria sibuyanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1747; Type: Elmer 12322 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, E, HBG, K, LE, MO, NSW, US, isolecto), Sibuyan: Magallanes, Mt Giting-Giting, Apr-1910. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Notes: Forests, c. 300m. Flowers unknown, and thus a species of uncertain status. Apparently allied to Goniothalamus elmeri Merr. Native.
  20. Goniothalamus suluensis Merr., PJS 30 (1926) 393; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 529; Type: BS 44350 Ramos & Edaño (NY, lecto; A, BM, K, NY, UC, US, isolecto), Tawi-tawi: Malum River near mangrove swamp, Jul/Aug-1924. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SULU ARCHIPELAGO, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Known only from the type collection. Native.
  21. Goniothalamus trunciflorus Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 10; EPFP 2 (1923) 171; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 533; Type: Whitford 774, Luzon: Quezon, Infanta, Tinuan (Tignoan) River, in hill forest, 120m, 6-Sept-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Forests at low elevations. Native.

Huberantha Chaowasku

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 1 March 2020
  1. Huberantha flava (Merr.) I.M.Turner, Webbia 71 (2016) 229; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 537; ≡ Polyalthia flava Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 12; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Type: Ahern’s Collector 2135 (P, lecto; K, NY, US, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Bosoboso, Dec-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Rizal. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  2. Huberantha jenkinsii (Hook.f. & Thomson) Chaowasku, Kew Bull. 70 (2015) 23; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 538; ≡ Polyalthia jenkinsii (Hook.f. & Thomson) Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1872) 64; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 305; ≡ Guatteria jenkinsii Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 141; Type: from India. = Polyalthia cumingiana Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 71; Type: Cuming 827 (K, lecto; BM, E, K, MEL, NY, WU, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, 1836-1840. = Polyalthia agusanensis (Elmer) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 250; ≡ Unona agusanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1743; Type: Elmer 13654 (NY, lecto; A, K, L, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. = Polyalthia rumphii auct. non Blume; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 162, pro parte, excl. syn. Guatteria canangioides Rchb.f & Zoll. ex Miq. (and others based on this). Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, Borneo, India, Indochina, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra. LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Native.
  3. Huberantha palawanensis (Merr.) I.M.Turner, Webbia 71 (2016) 230; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 541; ≡ Polyalthia palawanensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 246; EPFP 2 (1923) 162; Type: Merrill 9469 (BM, lecto; L, NY, P, isolecto), Palawan: Lake Manguao, dry forested ridges, c. 80m, 27-Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Dry forests, low elevations. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11 as Polyalthia palawanensis Merr.). Native.
  4. Huberantha rumphii (Blume ex Hensch.) Chaowasku, Kew Bull. 70 (2015) 23; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 541; ≡ Polyalthia rumphii (Blume ex Hensch.) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 162, excl. synonyms of P. jenkinsii, vide supra; ≡ Guatteria rumphii Blume ex Hensch., Vita Rumphii (1833) 153. = Polyalthia glandulosa Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 247; EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Type: BS 16460 Reillo (US, lecto; BM, K, L, P, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Norte, Sta Maria, near Mt Pulongbato, 4-Oct-1912. Distribution: Borneo, ?China, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra. MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte. Native.

Maasia Mols, Kessler & Rogstad

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 1 March 2020
  1. Maasia glauca (Hassk.) Mols, Kessler & Rogstad, Systematic Botany 33 (2008) 493; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 544; ≡ Polyalthia glauca (Hassk.) Boerl., Icon. Bogor. 1 (1899) 104; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 160; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 321; ≡ Uvaria glauca Hassk., Flora 25 (1842) 31; Type: from Java. = Unona merrittii Merr., PJS 1(Suppl.) (1906) 190; ≡ Polyalthia merrittii (Merr.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) 250; Type: Whitford 1447 (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Mindoro: Bongabong River, Feb-1906. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Singapore, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand. DINAGAT, LUZON: Aurora, Camarines, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental, MINDORO, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.

Marsypopetalum Scheff.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 1 March 2020
  1. Marsypopetalum lucidum (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Syst. Biodivers. 9 (2011) 24; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 546; ≡ Polyalthia lucida Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 249; EPFP 2 (1923) 161; Type: BS 13338 Ramos (BM, lecto; US, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Tagkawayan, 15-Mar-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, SAMAR. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.

Meiogyne Miq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Meiogyne cylindrocarpa (Burck) Heusden, Blumea 38 (1994) 495; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 550; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2219; ≡ Mitrephora cylindrocarpa Burck, Nova Guinea 8 (1911) 433; Type: from New Guinea. = Papualthia mariannae Saff., J. Wash. Acad. Sc. 2 (1912) 459; ≡ Polyalthia mariannae (Saff.) Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 83; ≡ Guamia mariannae (Saff.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) 243; Type: from Marianas Isls. = Alphonsea sessiliflora Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 233; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 165; Type: Alvarez 22118 (B, lecto; BM, US, isolecto), Luzon: Nueva Ecija, Sabini, Dec-1910; additional specimen: Ramos 13617 (BM), Rizal, c. 1911 (with adjacent collecting number from “Mount Masungi”). Distribution: Australia, Borneo, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Camarines Norte, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, PALAWAN. Notes: In rain forest, on limestone or on red or sandy soil, from sea level up to 1450m. Native.
  2. Meiogyne mindorensis (Merr.) Heusden, Blumea 38 (1994) 501; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 553; ≡ Oncodostigma mindorense (Merr.) Bân, Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59 (1974) 1779; ≡ Desmos mindorensis (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 159; ≡ Unona mindorensis Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 273; Type: Merrill 5568 (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental, Binabay River, Mt Halcon, in forest at 180m. = Desmos palawanensis (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 159; ≡ Unona palawanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1742; Type: Elmer 13125 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; BM, BO, F, L, NSW, P, U, US, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. = Desmos elegans Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3070, nom. illeg., non (Thwaites) Saff.; Type: Elmer 17649 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; L, MO, P, S, U, US, isolecto), distributed as Papualthia elegans Elmer, Luzon: Laguna, Los Banos (Mt Makiling), Jun/Jul-1917. = Papualthia irosinensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3689; Type: Elmer 15884 (NY, lecto), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan, on very steep woody slopes of wet stony ground at 1000m, Apr-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, ?CEBU, LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: Presence in Cebu according to Bicknell. In (primary) rain forest, in Palawan sometimes on ultrabasic soils, 0-1000m elevation. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11 as Desmos palawanensis (Elmer) Merr.). Native.
  3. Meiogyne virgata (Blume) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1865) 12; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 277; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 556; ≡ Unona virgata Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. (1825) 14. = Meiogyne lucida Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1714; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 172; Type: Elmer 13984 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, CAS, E, F, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, NSW, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. = Meiogyne philippinensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1714; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 172; Type: Elmer 11318 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; A, BM, BO, E, GH, HBG, K, L, NSW, NY, P, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, Aug-1909. = Meiogyne paucinervia Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 241; Type: BS 15381 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto; B, BM, K, P, isolecto), Leyte: near Dagami, in forest, 23-Aug-1912. Distribution: Borneo, Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Primary or secondary rain forest, up to 1300m elevation. Native.

Miliusa Lesch. ex A.DC.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 July 2022
  1. Miliusa horsfieldii (Benn.) Baill. ex Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochin. (1881) t. 38; Mols & Kessler, Blumea 48 (2003) 440; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 566; ≡ Saccopetalum horsfieldii Benn., Pl. Jav. Rar. 165 (1840) pl. 35; Type: from Java. = Miliusa arborea (Elmer) J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 378; ≡ Saccopetalum arboreum Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1739; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 165; Type: Elmer 12677 (A, lecto; B, BM, BO, E, G, HBG, K, L, NSW, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Palawan: Brooks Point, Addison Peak, Feb-1911. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, China, India, Java, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Thailand. PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  2. Miliusa vidalii J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 378; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 574; ≡ Saccopetalum longipes S.Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 43; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 165; Type: Vidal 15 (K, lecto; MA, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Bagac. = Polyalthia pacifica Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3690, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 17357 (A, holo; BO, L, P, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan, Sep-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. AMBIL, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Batangas, Cavite, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Pampanga, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, PALAWAN. Notes: The name Miliusa longipes is occupied by Miliusa longipes King. Native.

Mitrella Miq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser & John Paul Collantes, 20 September 2020

Possibly present

  1. Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 (1865) 39; ≡ Unona kentii Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (1825) 16; Type: from Java (lecto). Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Singapore, Sumatra. ?MINDANAO: ?Agusan. Notes: P.B. Pelser & J.P. Collantes (20-Sep-20): Not listed for the Philippines by Turner (2018), but Mendoza PNH41879 (L) possibly represents this species in the Philippines.

Mitrephora Hook.f. & Thomson

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 October 2022
  1. Mitrephora basilanensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 251; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 578; Type: FB 20060 D.P. Miranda (PNH, holo, lost; BO, lecto; BM, L, P, US, isolectu), Basilan: near the Barrio of Balobato, 4-Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, MINDANAO: Cotabato, PALAWAN, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: Forest near mangrove. Only known from three old collections (Weerasooriya & Saunders 2010). Native.
  2. Mitrephora cagayanensis Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 387; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 578; Type: M. Adduru 143 (PNH, holo, lost; A, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Penablanca, Jun-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela. Notes: In thickets and forests at low elevations. Only known from five collections (Weerasooriya & Saunders 2010). Native.
  3. Mitrephora fragrans Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 252; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 580; Type: Merrill 9217 (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; BM, GH, L, NY, P, SING, isolecto), Palawan: Taytay, Apr-1913. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  4. Mitrephora lanotan (Blanco) Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 71; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 582; ≡ Uvaria lanotan Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 464; ≡ Unona latifolia auct. non DC.; Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 234; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 940 (US, neo; A, BM, K, L, MO, NY, P, US, isoneo), Luzon: Bataan, Jun-1915. = Mitrephora caudata Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 454; EPFP 4 (1925) 248; Type: FB 29112 Cenabre (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; US, isolecto), Palawan: near Puerto Princesa, Feb-1922. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Dry forests at low and medium elevations. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  5. Mitrephora multifolia Elmer ex Weeras. & R.M.K.Saunders, Systematic Botany Monographs 90 (2010) 86; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 584; ≡ Mitrephora multifolia Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3685, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Type: Elmer 16152 (MO, holo; A, BM, BO, C, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NSW, NY, P, S, SING, U, US, WELC, isolecto), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan, May-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. According to Weerasooriya & Saunders (2010) only known from the type. Native.
  6. Mitrephora pictiflora Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1718; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 585; Type: Elmer 13731 [erroneously as 13781 in protologue] (PNH, holo, lost; BM, lecto; A, B, BISH, C, E, HBG, K, L, P, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Notes: Forests, c. 750m. Only known from four collections (Weerasooriya & Saunders 2010). Native.
  7. Mitrephora reflexa Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 10; EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 586; Type: FB 2882 Ahern's collector (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; BO, K, P, PDA, SING, US, isolecto), Luzon: Rizal, Bosoboso, Mar-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Aurora, Bulacan, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, PANAY, SAMAR, SIARGAO. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  8. Mitrephora samarensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 253; EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 587; Type: BS 1666 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; B, BM, BRI, GH, K, L, MO, P, SING, US, isolecto), Samar: Cauayan Valley, Apr-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, MINDANAO: Lanao, Zamboanga, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Lowland forest, c. 300m. Native.
  9. Mitrephora sorsogonensis Elmer ex Weeras. & R.M.K.Saunders, Systematic Botany Monographs 90 (2010) 113; Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3687, nom. inval., no Latin descr.; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 587; Type: Elmer 17178 (NY, holo; A, B, BM, C, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, P, S, U, US, WELC, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan, Sep-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon. Notes: Secondary forests, 80-1000m. Native.
  10. Mitrephora weberi Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 266; EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 590; Type: C.M. Weber 1550 (PNH, neo; A, B, BM, E, K, L, MEL, MIN, MO, NY, P, SING, US, Z, isoneo), Busuanga: Calamian Islands, Mar-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BUSUANGA, LUZON: Bulacan, Zambales, PALAWAN. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.
  11. Mitrephora williamsii C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 68; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 169; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 590; Type: R.S. Williams 2188 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; GH, K, NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax river, 3-Mar-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Lowland forests. Native.

Monoon Miq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 31 July 2022
  1. Monoon barnesii (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1030; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 594; ≡ Polyalthia barnesii Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 15; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 159; Type: FB 596 P.T. Barnes (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; NY, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, Mar-1904. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Ilocos Sur, MINDORO. Notes: In forests at low elevations. Native.
  2. Monoon elongatum (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1031; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 598; ≡ Polyalthia elongata Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 222; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Type: FB 9456 H.N. Whitford & W.I. Hutchinson (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Port Banga, 50m, Feb-1908. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.
  3. Monoon gigantifolium (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1031; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 598; ≡ Enicosanthum gigantifolium (Merr.) Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. (1939) 277; ≡ Polyalthia gigantifolia Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 246; EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Type: FB 13763 F.W. Foxworthy, A. Demesa & A. Villamil, Mindanao: Zamboanga, near Margosatubig, 11-May-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: ?Zamboanga del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur. Native.
  4. Monoon grandifolium (Elmer) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1031; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 599; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2219; ≡ Enicosanthum grandifolium (Elmer) Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. (1939) 277; ≡ Polyalthia grandifolia Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 291; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Type: Elmer 7358, Leyte: Palo, Jan-1906. = Polyalthia nickersonii Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1733; Type: Elmer 12854 (GH, lecto; BISH, BM, HBG, K, NY, P, US, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Mar-1911. = Polyalthia pinnatinervia Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1736; Type: Elmer 13611 (NY, lecto; BISH, BM, C, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, NY, P, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Aug-1912. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. ALABAT, LEYTE, LUZON: Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental, Lanao, Zamboanga, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  5. Monoon klemmei (Elmer) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1032; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 601; ≡ Enicosanthum klemmei (Elmer) Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. (1939) 277; ≡ Polyalthia klemmei Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1735; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 161; Type: Elmer 12644 (PNH, holo, ?lost; NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, E, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, P, U, US, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Feb-1911. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON, MINDANAO, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Notes: Luzon to Mindanao and Palawan. Native.
  6. Monoon mindanaense (Elmer) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1033; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 605; ≡ Enicosanthum mindanaense (Elmer) Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. (1939) 278; ≡ Polyalthia mindanaensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1734; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 161; Type: Elmer 11642 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, E, GH, HBG, K, LE, MO, NSW, isolecto), Mindanao: Davao, Sep-1909. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao, PALAWAN. Native.
  7. Monoon oblongifolium (C.B.Rob.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1033; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 605; ≡ Polyalthia oblongifolia C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 202; EPFP 2 (1923) 161; Type: BS 9259 Robinson, Polillo: beach N of Burdeos. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, NEGROS, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  8. Monoon ramiflorum (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1033; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 608; ≡ Polyalthia ramiflora Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 244; EPFP 2 (1923) 162; Type: FB 5160 Bridges (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; B, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon, Sugod Bay, forests from sea level to c. 75m, 6-Aug-1906. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Laguna, Sorsogon, SAMAR. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  9. Monoon zamboangaense (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1034; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 611; ≡ Polyalthia zamboangaensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 245; EPFP 2 (1923) 163; Type: FB 13276 Foxworthy, de Mesa & Villamil (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Sur, near Margosatubig, hill forests, c. 120m, 11-May-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, PALAWAN. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.

Cultivated, not naturalized

  1. Monoon longifolium (Sonn.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1032; ≡ Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. (1864) 398; ≡ Uvaria longifolia Sonn., Voy. Indes, 3 (1782) 260. Distribution: India, Sri Lanka. Notes: Often planted here as a shade tree, not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Neo-uvaria Airy Shaw

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 8 March 2020
  1. Neo-uvaria acuminatissima (Miq.) Airy Shaw, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939 (1939) 279; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 611; ≡ Uvaria acuminatissima Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 (1865) 6; Type: from Borneo. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora (photos), Bataan, Camarines, Ilocos Norte, Isabela (photos), Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Zambales, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Misamis, Zamboanga, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Not listed for the Philippines by Turner (2018). Native.
  2. Neo-uvaria merrillii (C.B.Rob.) Chaowasku, Phytotaxa 32 (2011) 34; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 611; ≡ Griffithianthus merrillii (C.B.Rob.) W.H.Br. ex Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 231; ≡ Mitrephora merrillii C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 67; Type: Merrill 3728 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; BM, K, NSW, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariviles, 1-Jan-1904. = Mitrephora ferruginea Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 16, nom. illeg. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan. Native.
  3. Neo-uvaria viridifolia (Elmer) Chaowasku, Phytotaxa 32 (2011) 35; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 612; ≡ Mitrephora viridifolia Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1716; Type: Elmer 14184 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BRIT, BP, C, CAS, DS, E, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NA, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan. Native.

Orophea Blume

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser & John Paul Collantes, 15 November 2022
  1. Orophea corymbosa (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. i, 2 (1859) 29; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Kessler, Blumea 33 (1988) 42; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 614; ≡ Bocagea corymbosa Blume, Fl. Javae 30-31 (1830) 85; Type: from Java. = Orophea enterocarpoidea S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 93; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Type: Cuming 1586 (G, lecto; BM, G, K, MA, P, isolecto), Luzon: Batangas. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Batangas, Camarines, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.
  2. Orophea creaghii (Ridl.) Leonardía & Kessler, Blumea 46 (2001) 149; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 615; ≡ Mezzettiopsis creaghii Ridl., Kew Bull. (1912) 389; Type: from Borneo. = Orophea palawanensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1721; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Type: Elmer 12858 (NY, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, E, F, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, NSW, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, densely forested slopes along Balsahan River, March-1911. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi. LUZON, PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  3. Orophea cumingiana S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 93, 170; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 166; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 615; Type: Cuming 854 (L, lecto; E, FI, G, LE, MA, WU, isolecto), Luzon: Albay Prov. = Orophea aversa (Elmer) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 10; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 166; ≡ Mitrephora aversa Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1719; Type: Elmer 13985 (G, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, BRIT, C, CAS, E, G, HBG, K, L, MICH, NSW, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran (Mt Urdaneta), Oct-1912. = Orophea bracteolata Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 223; EPFP 2 (1923) 166; Type: FB 7055 Klemme (K, lecto; US, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan, San Vicente, May-1907. = Orophea polyantha Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 257; EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Type: Ramos 1673 (L, lecto; BM, BO, G, GH, K, MO, NY, P, SING, US, isolecto), Samar: Cauayan Valley, Apr-1914. = Orophea submaculata Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1723; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Type: Elmer 13018 ((lectotype L; B, BISH, BM, BO, E, G, GH, HBG, K, NY, U, US, Z, isolecto), Palawan: Puerta Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Jun-1911. = Orophea tarrosae Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 258; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Type: FB 14927 Tarrosa & Almagro (B, lecto; BM, P, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Cotabato Distr, Apr-1912. = Orophea williamsii Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 259; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Type: Williams 2311 (GH, lecto; NY, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 26-Feb-1905. = Orophea vulcanica Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3688, nom. inval., nom. nud. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BASILAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Aurora, Bataan, Benguet, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SAMAR, SIARGAO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Conservation status: Other Threatened Species (DAO 2017-11). Native.
  4. Orophea dolichocarpa Merr., PJS 29 (1926) 479; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 617; Type: BS 43211 Ramos (K, lecto; B, BM, BO, G, HBG, P, ?SING, UC, US, isolecto), Bohol: Kalingohan, Aug to Oct-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL. Native.
  5. Orophea glabra Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 14; EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 618; Kessler, Blumea 34 (1990) 513; Type: FB 1017 Clark (PNH, lost; NY, lecto; BM, K, US, isolecto), Ticao: May/Jun-1904. = Orophea samarensis Merr., nom. inval., in sched. = Sageraea parvifolia Merr. & Quisumb., nom. inval., in sched. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Apayao, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Sorsogon, MASBATE, MINDORO, SAMAR, SIARGAO, TICAO. Notes: In forests at low elevations. Native.
  6. Orophea leytensis Merr., PJS 11 c (1916) Bot. 181; EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 618; Type: BS 24468 Ramos (L, lecto; A, BM, BO, K, MO, NY, SING, US, isolecto), Samar: Catubig River, Feb/Mar-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON: Quezon, SAMAR. Notes: Low elevation damp forests. Native.
  7. Orophea megalophylla Kessler, Blumea 33 (1988) 52; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 622; Type: BS 36585 Ramos & Edaño (L, holo; A, BM, BO, GH, K, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Mt Tubuan, Oct-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.
  8. Orophea merrillii Kessler, Blumea 33 (1988) 33; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 622; Type: Merrill 9212 (L, holo; A, BM, GH, K, NY, P, US, iso), Palawan: Taytay, Apr-1913. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao Oriental, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.
  9. Orophea sericea Kessler, Blumea 33 (1988) 49; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 625; Type: Wenzel 3378 (GH, holo; A, BO, G, K, M, MO, NY, Z, iso), Mindanao: Surigao, 22-May-1928. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.
  10. Orophea wenzelii Merr., PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 356; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 627; Type: Wenzel 682 (G, lecto; A, B, BM, MO, NY, US, isolecto), Leyte: Buenavista near Jaro, 6-Feb-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE, LUZON, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Surigao, SAMAR. Notes: Forests, c. 500m. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Orophea enterocarpa Maingay ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1 (1872) 92; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia (lecto). Distribution: Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, ?Philippines, Thailand. ?PALAWAN. Notes: P.B. Pelser & J.P. Collantes (20-Sep-20): Not listed for the Philippines by Turner (2018), but Argent et al. 25380 (E, L) possibly represents this species in the Philippines.

Papualthia Diels

Incertae sedis

  1. Papualthia tenuipes (Merr.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 243; EPFP 2 (1923) 164; ≡ Polyalthia tenuipes Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 269; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 733; Type: BS 13472 Foxworthy & Ramos (PNH, holo, lost), Luzon: Quezon, Kabibihan. In forest at low elevations. Distribution: LUZON: Quezon. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. No material identified as this species nor its type could be traced by Heusden. This is a different species than Polyalthia tenuipes Merr. (1922) from Borneo. Native.

Phaeanthus Hook.f. & Thomson

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Phaeanthus ophthalmicus (Roxb. ex G.Don) J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Singapore 14 (1955) 374; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 628; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2220; ≡ Uvaria ophthalmica Roxb. ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 1 (1831) 93; Type: from India. = Phaeanthus ebracteolatus (C.Presl) Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 225, 406; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 165; ≡ Uvaria ebracteolata C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. ii. (1835) 77; Type: Haenke s.n. (PR, holo), Luzon: Sorsogon. = Uvaria tripetala Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 465, nom. illeg., non Lam; ≡ Unona tripetala (Blanco) Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 324, nom. illeg., non DC.; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 305 (US, neo; A, BM, K, L, MO, P, UC, W, isoneo), Luzon: Camarines, Mt Isarog, 7-Dec-1913. = Phaeanthus cumingii Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. i. II. (1858) 51; Type: Cuming 525 (L, lecto; BM, E, K, M, MEL, MO, P, SING, W, isolecto), Philippines. = Phaeanthus nigrescens Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1728; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 166; Type: Elmer 13727 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; BM, CAS, DS, E, GH, HBG. K, L, MO, NSW, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta. = Phaeanthus nitidus Merr., PJS c 11 (1916) 8; Type: BS 23477 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; A, NY, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Sorsogon. = Phaeanthus pubescens Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 390; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 166; Type: BS 27333 Ramos (K, lecto; A, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Burgos. Distribution: Borneo, India, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi. ALABAT, BABUYAN ISLS, BILIRAN, BOHOL, BONGAO, CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, CATANDUANES, GUIMARAS, LEYTE, LUBANG, LUZON: Abra, Albay, Bataan, Cagayan, Camarines, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Sur, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, SIBUYAN, TABLAS, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: From Babuyan Isls and Luzon to Mindanao; common in forests at low and medium elevation. Native.
  2. Phaeanthus villosus Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 391; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 166; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 630; Type: BS 30775 Ramos & Edaño (K, lecto; A, B, BM, BO, K, L, P, SING, US, isolecto), Panay: Capiz, Mt Macosolon, Apr-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Damp forests along small streams, low and medium elevation. Native.

Platymitra Boerlage

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 27 July 2022
  1. Platymitra arborea (Blanco) Kessler, Blumea 33 (1988) 473; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 631; ≡ Alphonsea arborea (Blanco) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 233; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 165; ≡ Macanea arborea Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 431; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 838 (L, neo; A, BM, GH, K, NY, P, US, isoneo), Luzon: Laguna, Mt Makiling, Mar-1915. = Alphonsea philippinensis Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1905) 9; Type: Merrill 3075 (K, lecto; B, BM, NY, US, isolecto), Masbate: Aug-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. CEBU, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Sur, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MASBATE, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, TICAO. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.

Polyalthia Blume

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Polyalthia gracilipes Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 248; EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 733; Type: BS 20792 Escritor, Luzon: Quezon, Quinatacutan, Mar/Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.
  2. Polyalthia insignis (Hook.f.) Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. (1939) 279; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 641; Paguntalan et al., Project Tawsi: Sulu Hornbill Project (2020) 39; ≡ Sphaerothalamus insignis Hook.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 23 (1860) 156; Type: from Borneo. = Unona miniata Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1740; ≡ Polyalthia elmeri Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 160; Type: Elmer 12718 (NY, lecto; BISH, isolecto), Palawan: Brooks Point, Addison Peak, Mar-1911. = Polyalthia dolichophylla Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 391; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 159. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN, PANAY, TAWI-TAWI. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Polyalthia elmeri). Native.
  3. Polyalthia lanceolata S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 170; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 643; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2220; ≡ Haplostichanthus lanceolata (S.Vidal) Heusden, Blumea 39 (1994) 226; ≡ Papualthia lanceolata (S.Vidal) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 242; EPFP 2 (1923) 163; Type: Cuming 450 (K, lecto; E, G, L, LE, MA, MEL, MO, NY, P, isolecto). = Papualthia reticulata (Elmer) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 242; EPFP 2 (1923) 164; ≡ Polyalthia reticulata Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 292; Type: Elmer 7272 (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; E, isolecto), Leyte: Palo, Jan-1906. = Papualthia sympetala (C.B.Rob.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 242; EPFP 2 (1923) 164; ≡ Unona sympetala C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 203; Type: BS 10352 MacGregor (PNH, holo, lost; B, lecto), Polillo: Oct/Nov-1909. = Papualthia loheri (Merr.) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 242; EPFP 2 (1923) 163; ≡ Polyalthia loheri Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 268; Type: FB 18437 Alvarez (PNH, holo, lost; US, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Culasing Mt, Feb/Mar-1909. = Polyalthia loheri var. cagayanensis Merr., PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 269; Type: BS 13948 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; B, lecto), Luzon: Cagayan, Abulug River, near Dabba, Feb-1912. = Polyalthia romblonensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1729; Type: Elmer 12170 (L, lecto; A, BISH, BM, E, HBG, K, LE, MO, NY, US, isolecto), Romblon, Mar-1910. = Polyalthia urdanetensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1738; ≡ Papualthia urdanetensis (Elmer) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) 243; Type: Elmer 13931 (L, lecto; A, B, C, CAS, E, G, GH, HBG, K, MICH, MO, NSW, NY, P, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. = Papualthia samarensis Merr., PJS 9 c (1916) Bot. 180; EPFP 2 (1923) 164; Type: BS 24180 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; A, US, iso), Samar: Catubig River at Camaniwan, Feb/Mar-1916. = Papualthia bakeri Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3069; Type: Elmer 17775 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lecto; A, BISH, C, F, G, GH, HBG, K, MO, NY, S, U, US, isolecto), Luzon: Laguna, Los Baños, Mt Makiling, Jun/Jul-1917. = Papualthia boholensis Merr., PJS 29 (1926) 479; Type: BS 43095 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; A, BM, G, UC, US, isolecto), Bohol: Valencia, Oct-1923. = Papualthia longipes Quisumb., PJS 41 (1930) 323; Type: BS 45281 Ramos & Edano (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto), Luzon: Aurora, Casiguran, Cabulig River, 28-May-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, BOHOL, CATANDUANES, LEYTE, LUZON: Apayao, Aurora, Batangas, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental, POLILLO, ROMBLON, SAMAR, SIARGAO, SIBUYAN. Native.
  4. Polyalthia luzonensis (Merr.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders, Taxon 61 (2012) 1035; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 646; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2220; ≡ Haplostichanthus heteropetala (Merr.) Heusden, Blumea 39 (1994) 224; ≡ Papualthia heteropetala Merr., PJS 14 c (1919) Bot. 389; EPFP 2 (1923) 163; Type: BS 32853 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; US, iso), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Burgos, Jul-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, Ilocos Norte, Quezon. Notes: Known in Luzon from Ilocos Norte, S Luzon, and Bicol. In dry forests at low elevation; on riverbank in forest. Native.
  5. Polyalthia microtus Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 (1865) 13; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 647; Type: from Borneo. = Polyalthia rubra (Merr.) Bân, Bot. Zhurn. 59 (1974) 1779; ≡ Desmos ruber (Merr.) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 159, as 'rubra'; ≡ Unona rubra Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 224; Type: BS 480 Mangubat (US, lecto; BO, NY, isolecto), Balabac, Mar/Apr-1906. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BALABAC, PALAWAN. Native.
  6. Polyalthia mindorensis Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 161; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 648; ≡ Phaeanthus acuminatus Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 11; PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 273; Type: Merrill 4050 (NY, lecto; K, isolecto), Mindoro: Baco River, 14-Mar-1905. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDORO. Notes: Low elevation forests. The name Polyalthia acuminata Thwaites is occupied by Polyalthia acuminata Thwaites. Native.
  7. Polyalthia minutiflora Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1730; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 648; Type: Elmer 13055 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BO, E, GH, HBG, L, P, MICH, NSW, NY, U, US, Z, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. = Polyalthia pulgarensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1731, as ‘pulgarense’; Type: Elmer 13100 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, BO, CAS, E, HBG, K, L, MICH, MO, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN. Native.
  8. Polyalthia obliqua Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 138; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 161; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 650; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 290; Type: from Peninsular Malaysia. = Polyalthia similis Merr., PJS 8 c (1913) 371; Type: BS 15185 Ramos (K, lecto; BM, US, isolecto), Leyte: Dagami, Aug-1912. Distribution: Borneo, India, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Lanao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Native.
  9. Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. (1864) 398; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 209; EPFP 2 (1923) 162; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 298; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 654; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2220. Distribution: Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam. LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Laguna, NCR, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Zambales, MINDANAO: Cotabato. Notes: In Luzon from Cagayan to Laguna. Rather common in lowland and medium elevation thickets. Native.
  10. Polyalthia venosa Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 222; EPFP 2 (1923) 163; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 656; Type: FB 9108 Whitford & Hutchinson (K, lecto; US, isolecto), Mindanao: Zamboanga del Sur, Port Banga, Nov/Dec-1907. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis, Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga, Zamboanga del Norte (photos), Zamboanga del Sur. Notes: Low elevation forests. Native.

Popowia Endl.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 May 2022
  1. Popowia lanceolata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 252; EPFP 2 (1923) 164; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 660; Type: BS 35186 Ramos & Pascasio (K, lecto; A, BM, BO, L, P, US, iso), Dinagat Island, low elevation forest, 12-May-1919. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT. Notes: Low elevation forests. Perhaps not specifically distinct from the next entry. Native.
  2. Popowia pisocarpa (Blume) Endl. ex Walp., Repert. 1 (1842) 74; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 164; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 661; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2221; ≡ Guatteria pisocarpa Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 21; Type: from Java. = Bocagea polyandra C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 2 (1835) 77; ≡ Popowia polyandra (C.Presl) Merr., PJS 3c (1908) 224; Type: Haenke s.n. (PR, lecto; HAL, PR, isolecto), Luzon: Sorsogon. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sumatra. BASILAN, BOHOL, LEYTE, LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Bukidnon, Davao, Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Sur, Zamboanga, NEGROS, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.

Pseuduvaria Miq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 22 November 2021
  1. Pseuduvaria luzonensis (Merr.) Y.C.F.Su & R.M.K.Saunders, Blumea 46 (2001) 590; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 670; ≡ Orophea luzonensis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 224, as 'luzoniensis'; EPFP 2 (1923) 167; ≡ Orophea maculata auct. non Scort. ex King; Merr., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 35 (1906) 11; Type: FB 2389 Borden (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; B, E, K, SING, US, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Jan-1905. = Pseuduvaria grandiflora Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 392; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Type: BS 27514 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; A, BM, BO, L, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Ilocos Norte, Bangui, 9-Mar-1917. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Bataan, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Isabela. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Conservation status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii). Native.
  2. Pseuduvaria macgregorii Merr., PJS 30 (1926) 392; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 670; Type: BS 43714 McGregor (PNH, holo, lost; NY, lecto; UC, isolecto), Samar: Western Samar, Loquilocon, c. 250m, Jun-1924. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR. Conservation status: Endangered B1ab(iv). Native.
  3. Pseuduvaria mindorensis Y.C.F.Su & R.M.K.Saunders, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 79 (2006) 117; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 671; Type: BS 46374 Ramos (BM, holo; B, BM, NY, iso), Mindoro: Puerto Galera, Nov/Dec-1925. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan, MINDORO. Notes: Dry deciduous forests and secondary growth. Conservation status: Vulnerable D2. Native.
  4. Pseuduvaria pamattonis (Miq.) Y.C.F.Su & R.M.K.Saunders, Blumea 46 (2001) 591; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 673; ≡ Orophea pamattonis Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. i. II (1865) 24; Type: from Borneo. = Hydnocarpus unonifolius Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1779, as 'unonifolia'; Type: Elmer 12936 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BM, E, GH, L, US, Z, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN. Notes: Primary lowland to upper montane mixed dipterocarp forest, on limestone and clay soils, 70-670m. Conservation status: Least Concern. Native.
  5. Pseuduvaria philippinensis Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 256; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 674; Type: FB 20182 Aguilar (PNH, holo, lost; K, lecto; US, isolecto), Luzon: Quezon, Hinabaan, 22-Apr-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Quezon, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Conservation status: Critically Endangered A1(d). Native.
  6. Pseuduvaria unguiculata (Elmer) Y.C.F.Su & R.M.K.Saunders, Blumea 46 (2001) 592; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 678; ≡ Orophea unguiculata Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1724; Type: Elmer 13286 (PNH, holo, lost; G, lecto; B, BISH, BM, BO, C, CAS, E, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Jul-1912. = Mitrephora ellipanthoides Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1715; ≡ Orophea ellipanthoides (Elmer) Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 167; Type: Elmer 13987 (PNH, holo, lost; BO, lecto; B, BISH, BM, BO, BRIT, C, CAS, E, G, GH, HBG, K, L, MO, NSW, NY, P, U, US, Z, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. = Pseuduvaria caudata Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 251; EPFP 2 (1923) 168; Type: BS 25533 Cenabre (PNH, holo, lost; P, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Luzon: Camarines Sur, Sipocot, forested slopes, c. 80m, 15-May-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines, Camarines Sur, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan, Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, SAMAR. Notes: Low elevation primary forest. Conservation status: Critically Endangered A1(d). Native.

Pyramidanthe Miq.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 31 July 2022

Excluded

  1. Pyramidanthe prismatica (Hook.f. & Thomson) Merr., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 84(Spec. No.) (1921) 262; ≡ Melodorum prismaticum Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 121. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra. Notes: Pelser (31-Jul-22): The label on Cumming 2344 (P) reads 'Manille', but the plant was collected in Malay Peninsula fide Hooker & Thomson (1855).

Sageraea Dalz

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 14 March 2020
  1. Sageraea lanceolata Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 (1865) 10; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 681; Type: from Borneo. = Sageraea glabra Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 12; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; Type: Merrill 4021 (L, lecto; K, NSW, NY, P, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Laguimanoc, 12-Mar-1905. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. BILIRAN, LUZON: Camarines, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Lanao, Misamis, Surigao, Zamboanga, PANAY, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Forests at low and medium elevation. Native.

Sphaerocoryne Scheff. ex Ridl.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 14 March 2020
  1. Sphaerocoryne affinis (Teijsm. & Binn.) Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 75 (1917) 8; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 684; ≡ Polyalthia affinis Teijsm. & Binn., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27 (1864) 37; Type: from Java. = Dasymaschalon scandens Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 238; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 175; Type: Merrill 9277 (K, lecto), Palawan: Taytay-Bantolan trail, forested slopes, c. 150m, May-1913. Distribution: Borneo, Cambodia, Java, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. PALAWAN. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11 as Daschymaschalon scandens Merr.). Native.

Uvaria L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 5 October 2022
  1. Uvaria alba Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 17; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 691; Type: FB 50 Barnes (US, lecto; BM, BO, K, NY, isolecto), Luzon: Bataan, Lamao River, Aug-1903. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BALABAC, LUZON: Apayao, Bataan, Pangasinan, Zambales. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.
  2. Uvaria concava Teijsm. & Binn., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 3 (1852) 331; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 695; Type: from Java. = Uvaria lurida Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 101; Type: from India. = Uvaria stellata Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 14; EPFP 2 (1923) 157; Type: Elmer 6322 (K, lecto; NY, P, US, isolecto), Luzon: Benguet, Twin Peaks, May-1904. = Uvaria leytensis (Elmer) Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 230; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; ≡ Unona leytensis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1744; Type: Elmer 13880 (L, lecto; BISH, BM, BO, CAL, GH, K, L, NA, NSW, NY, P, U, US, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. = Uvaria nudistellata Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1746; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 156; Type: Elmer 13015 (PNH, holo, lost; L, lectol A, BISH, BM, BO, BP, CAL, GH, K, L, NA(ex MOAR), NSW, NY, P, U, US, isolecto), Palawan: Puerto Princess, Mt Pulgar, Apr-1911. Distribution: Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra. LEYTE, LUZON: Bataan, Benguet, Laguna, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao, Zamboanga, Zamboanga Sibugay, PALAWAN. Conservation status: Vulnerable (DAO 2017-11, as Uvaria lurida). Native.
  3. Uvaria elliptifolia Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 229; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 698; Type: BS 18878 McGregor (L, lecto; K, US, isolecto), Biliran: forests, c. 300m, Jun-1914. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN, LEYTE, LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.
  4. Uvaria goloensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 456; EPFP 4 (1925) 248; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 700; Type: Merrill 11551 (US, lecto; A, BM, BRI, K, MEL, NSW, NY, P, isolecto), Golo: Aug-1923. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. GOLO, MINDORO, SULU ARCHIPELAGO. Native.
  5. Uvaria grandiflora Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2 (1824) 665; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 202; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 700; Batuyong et al., Biodiversitas 21 (2020) 3973; Type: from Sumatra. = Uvaria rubra C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 68; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 156; Type: R.S. Williams 3042 (NY, holo; NY, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Sanata Cruz, 29-Jun-1905. = ?Uvaria cardinalis Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1748, as ‘cardinales’; Type: Elmer 7317, Luzon: Sorzogon Prov. = Uvaria purpurea Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 11; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 156; Type: from Java. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Borneo, China, India, Java, Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. CAGAYAN DE SULU, JOLO, LEYTE, LUZON: Albay, Bataan, Cavite, Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, NCR, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Davao del Sur, Lanao, Lanao del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Surigao, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation thickets. Native.
  6. Uvaria lancifolia Merr., PJS 10 c (1915) Bot. 228; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 704; Type: Gates 5495, Luzon: Zambales, San Antonio, Jan-1913. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Quezon, Zambales, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, MINDORO. Notes: Low and medium elevation thickets and forests. Native.
  7. Uvaria littoralis (Blume) Blume, Fl. Javae (Annonaceae) 1 (1830) 26; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 706; ≡ Unona littoralis Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1 (1825) 16; Type: from Java. = Uvaria cordata (Dunal) Alston in Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6 (1931) 4, nom. illeg., non Schumach. & Thonn; ≡ Guatteria cordata Dunal, Monogr. Anonac. (1817) 129. = Uvaria sorzogonensis C.Presl, Rel. Haenk. 2 (1835) 76; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 157; Type: Haenke s.n. (PR, holo), Luzon: Sorsogon. = Unona camphorata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 468; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 1057 (K, neo; BM, L, P, US, isoneo), Alabat Island: Dec-1916. Distribution: Borneo, Java, Philippines. ALABAT, BALABAC, BUSUANGA, CATANDUANES, LUZON: Bataan, Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, Sorsogon, Zambales, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Zamboanga, PALAUI, PALAWAN, SAMAR, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Throughout the Philippines. Low to medium elevation thickets and forests. Native.
  8. Uvaria macgregorii Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 394; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 708; Type: BS 32249 McGregor (US, lecto; A, isolecto), Panay: Antique, Batbatan Isl, opposite Culasi, May to Aug-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Misamis, PANAY. Notes: Low elevation thickets. Native.
  9. Uvaria micrantha (A.DC.) Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 103; EPFP 2 (1923) 155; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 709; ≡ Cyathostemma micranthum (A.DC.) J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 225; ≡ Guatteria micrantha A.DC., Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 5 (1832) 218; Type: from Myanmar. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Australia, Borneo, India, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Isls, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BUSUANGA, LUZON: Batangas, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, PANAY, TAWI-TAWI. Notes: Low elevation thickets and open forests, on or near the seashore. Native.
  10. Uvaria monticola Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 (1865) 5; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 709; Retuerma-Dioneda & Alejandro, Biodiversitas 23 (2022) 2221; Type: from Borneo. = Uvaria scandens C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 69; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 157; Type: R.S. Williams 2764 (NY, holo; NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Santa Cruz, 5-May-1905. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BILIRAN, LUZON: Camarines Norte, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Davao, Davao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Norte (photos), MINDORO, POLILLO, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.
  11. Uvaria musaria (Dunal) A.DC., Mém. Annon. (1832) 29; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 156; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 710; ≡ Unona musaria Dunal, Monogr. Anonac. (1817) 100; Type: from Moluccas. Distribution: Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Isls. LUZON: Camarines, MINDANAO: Davao. Notes: Forested slopes at low elevations. Native.
  12. Uvaria panayensis Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 394; EPFP 2 (1923) 156; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 711; Type: BS 31367 Ramos & Edaño, Panay: Capiz, Jamindan, May-1918. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests along small streams. Native.
  13. Uvaria rufa (Dunal) Blume, Fl. Jav. Annon. (1828) 19; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 206; EPFP 2 (1923) 156; J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1955) 211; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 712; ≡ Guatteria rufa Dunal, Monogr. Anonac. (1817) 129. = Uvaria solanifolia C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 2 (1835) 76; Type: Haenke s.n. (PR, lecto; HAL, isolecto), Luzon. = Unona setigera Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 468; ≡ Uvaria setigera (Blanco) Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2 (1845) 323; Type: Merrill Species Blancoanae 199 (US, neo; BM, K, L, isoneo), Luzon: Pangasinan, Umingan, 7-May-1914. Distribution: Indochina, Java, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand. BUSUANGA, LUZON: Bataan, Batangas, Benguet, Bulacan, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, NCR, Pangasinan, Rizal, Tarlac, Zambales, MARINDUQUE, MINDANAO: Davao Oriental, Misamis, MINDORO, NEGROS, PALAUI, PALAWAN. Notes: N Luzon to Palawan and Mindanao. Low and medium elevation thickets. Native.
  14. Uvaria valderramensis Cabuang, Exconde & Alejandro, Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 6 (2012) 7; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 717; Type: Cabuang, Exconde & Lemana VI011 (USTH, holo; PNH, USTH, iso), Panay: Antique, Valderrama, Brgy Bugnay, 14-May-2011. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY. Native.
  15. Uvaria zschokkei Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 292; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 157; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 719; Type: Elmer 7647 (NY, lecto; A, E, K, LE, MO, NSW, US, isolecto), Luzon: Tayabas, Lucban, May-1907. = Uvaria subverrucosa Elmer, LPB 5 (1913) 1745; Type: Elmer 13274 (NY, lecto; BM, E, HBG, L, isolecto), Mindanao: Agusan, Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Jul-1912. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. ALABAT, BILIRAN, LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, MINDORO, SAMAR. Notes: Low and medium elevation forests. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Uvaria glabra Span., Linnaea 15 (1841) 162; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 700; ≡ Cyathostemma glabrum (Span.) Jessup ex Utteridge, Blumea 45 (2000) 385; Type: from Indonesia. Distribution: Australia, Lesser Sunda Isls, ?Philippines. ?PALAWAN.

Needs name

  1. Uvaria peninsula Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3691, nom. inval., nom. nud.; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 735; Type: Elmer 16852, Luzon: Sorsogon, Irosin, Mt Bulusan, Aug-1916. Distribution: Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte, Sorsogon. Native.

Xylopia L.

Last edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 19 July 2022
  1. Xylopia dehiscens (Blanco) Merr., Philip. Bur. Forest. Bull. 1 (1903) 20; EPFP 2 (1923) 171; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 722; ≡ Unona dehiscens Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 466; ≡ Xylopia blancoi S.Vidal, Sin. Gen. Pl. Leños Filip., Atlas (1883) 12, nom. illeg., nom. superfl.; Type: Vidal 2027 (K, neo; L, MA, isoneo), Masbate. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. BALABAC, LUZON: Batangas, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MASBATE, MINDANAO: Davao, Davao del Sur, NEGROS, PALAWAN, SAMAR. Notes: From Luzon (Cagayan) to Mindanao. In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.
  2. Xylopia densifolia Elmer, LPB 5 (1915) 1749; Merr., EPFP 2 (1923) 172; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 723; Type: Elmer 12471 (NY, lecto; A, BISH, BO, CAL, DS, E, HBG, K, L, NSW, P, US, isolecto), Sibuyuan: Magallanes, Mt Giting-Giting, May-1910. Distribution: Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Isabela, MINDORO, PANAY, SIBUYAN. Notes: In forests at low and medium elevations. Native.

Possibly present

  1. Xylopia ferruginea (Hook.f. & Thomson) Baill., Hist. Pl. 1 (1868) 225; Rojo, FORPRIDE Digest 4 (1975) 26-35; Rev. Lex. Philip. Trees (1999) 22; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 724; ≡ Habzelia ferruginea Hook.f. & Thomson, Fl. Ind. 1 (1855) 124; Type: from Malay Peninsula. Distribution: Borneo, Malay Peninsula, ?Philippines, Singapore. Notes: Not reported for the Philippines by Turner (2018).
  2. Xylopia sumatrana (Miq.) D.M.Johnson & N.A.Murray, Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 67 (2015) 361; ≡ Unona sumatrana Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste bijv. 3 (1861) 377; Turner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 70 (2018) 730. Distribution: Borneo, Malaysia, ?Philippines, Sumatra. ?MINDANAO: ?Surigao del Sur. Notes: Not reported for the Philippines by Turner (2018).

References