Amaryllidaceae

Allium L. (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Allium ampeloprasum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 295; Buysen, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 381. = Allium porrum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 295. Distribution: Africa, Europe, Middle East, W Asia. Cultivated, not naturalized.
2. Allium cepa L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 300; Buysen, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 381. ≠ Allium ascalonicum auct. non L.; Ochse & Bakh., Veget. Dutch East Indies (1931) 441. Distribution: Africa, Europe, Middle East. Notes: Onion, shallot. The common onion is not a wild species, but in its primary center of diversity, C Asia, several related wild species occur. A secondary center of diversity is the Near East and the Mediterranean, a rich diversity is also found in India. Cultivated, not naturalized.
3. Allium chinense G.Don, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 6 (1827) 83; Buysen, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 381; Vera Cruz et al., Nordic J. Bot. e04054 (2023) 1. Distribution: China. Notes: Sibujing. Cultivated, not naturalized.
4. Allium fistulosum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 301; Buysen, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 383. Distribution: China, E Asia. Cultivated, not naturalized.
5. Allium sativum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 297; Buysen, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 383. Distribution: Middle East, W Asia. Notes: Garlic. Cultivated, not naturalized.
6. Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng., Syst. Veg., 16th Ed. 2 (1825) 38; Buysen, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 383. Distribution: China, India, Nepal. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Amaryllis L. (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Amaryllis belladonna L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 293; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 136; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 371. Distribution: Africa. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Crinum L.

1. Crinum asiaticum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 292; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 147; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 210; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 359; Romeroso et al., Asian J. Biol. Life Sc. 10 (2021) 437; Cañeda et al., Davao Research J. 16 (2025) 91; Type: from India, Malabar Coast and Sri Lanka in LINN. Distribution: Australia, Bismarck Arch, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Indian Ocean, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isls, Madura, Malay Peninsula, Moluccas, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Isls, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Thailand, Vietnam. BORACAY (photos), CAGAYAN DE SULU, DINAGAT (photos), HOMONHON, HUNDRED ISLS (photos), LUZON: Aurora (photos), Bataan, Camarines Sur, Ifugao, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, NCR, Pangasinan, MINDANAO: Davao Occidental, Davao del Sur, Zamboanga, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SIARGAO. Notes: 0-50m. Native.
   • var. asiaticum. Distribution: LUZON, MINDANAO, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Along sandy seashores, sometimes planted inland. 0(-?)m. Native.
2. Crinum gracile G.Mey. ex C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1827) 120; Naves, Novis. App. (1880) 255; Baker, Handb. Amaryl. (1888) 81; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 210; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 361; Type: Haenke, Luzon. = Crinum cumingii Baker, Gard. Chron., n.s. 16 (1881) 72; Handb. Amaryll. (1888) 81; Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 152; Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 275; Type: Cuming 1382. Distribution: New Guinea, Philippines, Sumatra. LUZON: Albay, Benguet (photos), Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Rizal (photos), MINDANAO, MINDORO. Notes: Primary lowland forests. 0-647m. Native.
3. Crinum latifolium L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 291; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 148; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 210; Steiner, Philip. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 137; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 361. Distribution: Andaman Isls, Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Isls, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam. Notes: Cultivated as an ornamental and scarcely naturalized. Naturalized.
4. Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L., Syst. Nat., 12th Ed. (1767) 236; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 148; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 211; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 361; ≡ Amaryllis zeylanica L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 293. Distribution: India, Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka. LUZON: Abra (photos). Notes: Cultivated as an ornamental and naturalized. Naturalized.

Eucharis Planch. & Linden (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Eucharis amazonica Linden ex Planch., Ill. Hort. 28 (1881) 30; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 371. ≠ Eucharis × grandiflora auct. non Planch. & Linden; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 149; EPFP 1 (1922) 211. Distribution: S America. Notes: Occurs in the Philippines only as a cultivated ornamental. Amazon lily. Cultivated, not naturalized.
2. Eucharis × grandiflora Planch. & Linden, Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 9 (1854) 255; Steiner, Philip. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 137. = Eucharis mastersii Baker, Bot. Mag. 111 (1885) t.6831; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 372. Distribution: S America. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Hippeastrum Herb. (Not native)

1. Hippeastrum reginae (L.) Herb., Appendix (Herbert) (1821) 31; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 372; ≡ Amaryllis reginae L., Syst. Nat., 10th Ed. 2 (1759) 977. = Amaryllis atamasco Blanco; Fl. Filip. (1837) 254, nom. illeg., non L. ≠ Hippeastrum miniatum auct. non (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.; Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 212. Distribution: Neotropics. LUZON: La Union, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO, PANAY, SIASI. Notes: Cultivated for ornamental purposes, but apparently naturalized under coconut groves, etc. Naturalized.

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., 3rd Ed. 1 (1895) 1033; ≡ Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 703; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 372; ≡ Amaryllis punicea Lam., Encycl. (Lamarck) 1 (1783) 122. = Hippeastrum equestre (Aiton) Herb., Appendix (Herbert) (1821) 31; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 137; ≡ Amaryllis equestris Aiton, Hort. Kew., 1st Ed. 1 (1789) 417, nom. illeg. Distribution: C America, Caribbean. Notes: Not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.
2. Hippeastrum reticulatum (L'Hér.) Herb., Bot. Mag. 51 (1824) t.2475; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 137; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 372; ≡ Amaryllis reticulata L'Hér., Sert. Angl. (1789) 12. Distribution: S America. Notes: Not naturalized. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Hymenocallis Salisb. (Not native)

1. Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1 (1812) 338; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 211; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 362; ≡ Pancratium littorale Jacq., Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. (1763) 99; Type: from West Indies. Distribution: America. LUZON, PALAWAN. Notes: Cultivated and naturalized in the Philippines. Cultivated around towns, occasional in waste places, along seashores and in moist sandy places at low elevation. Naturalized.

Pancratium L. (Not native)

1. Pancratium zeylanicum L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 290; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 148; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 212; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 363; Type: Probably from Sri Lanka, but perhaps of garden origin. Distribution: India, Sri Lanka. BILIRAN, JOLO (photos), LUZON: Camarines, La Union, PALAWAN. Notes: Coconut and abaca plantations, grasslands, thickets, also cultivated in gardens, up to 600m. Naturalized.

Polianthes L. (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Polianthes tuberosa L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 316; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 148; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 212. Distribution: Neotropics. Notes: Cultivated for its fragrant flowers but nowhere naturalized in the Philippines. Tuberose or azucena. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Proiphys Herb.

1. Proiphys amboinensis (L.) Herb., Appendix (Herbert) (1821) 42; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 366; ≡ Eurycles amboinensis (L.) Lindl., Encycl. Pl. (Loudon) (1829) 242; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 149; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 211; ≡ Pancratium amboinense L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 291. Distribution: Bismarck Arch, Lesser Sunda Isls, Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand. CAGAYAN DE SULU, LUZON: Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, MINDORO, PALAWAN. Notes: Seashores and rocky places, secondary forests, often cultivated as an ornamental, apparently never far from human settlements and hence possibly introduced. 0-500m. Cryptogenic.

Scadoxus Raf. (Not native)

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4 (1838) 19; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 373; ≡ Haemanthus multiflorus Martyn, Gard. Dict., 9th Ed. (1795) s.n.; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 137. Distribution: Africa. Cultivated, not naturalized.

Zephyranthes Herb. (Not native)

1. Zephyranthes rosea Lindl., Bot. Reg. 10 (1824) t.821; Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 147; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 138; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 373; ≡ Atamasco rosea (Lindl.) Greene, Pittonia 3 (1897) 188; Merrill, EPFP 1 (1923) 210. Distribution: Caribbean. CEBU (photos). Notes: Widely cultivated as an ornamental in and about towns, sometimes persisting from previous cultivation but hardly naturalized. Naturalized.

Cultivated, not naturalized

1. Zephyranthes atamasco (L.) Herb., Appendix (Herbert) (1821) 36; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 138; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 373; ≡ Amaryllis atamasco L., Sp. Pl., 1st Ed. (1753) 292. Distribution: N America. Cultivated, not naturalized.
2. Zephyranthes candida (Lindl.) Herb., Bot. Mag. 53 (1826) t.2607; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 373; ≡ Amaryllis candida Lindl., Bot. Reg. 9 (1823) t.724. Distribution: S America. Notes: Note by P.B. Pelser (28-Aug-20): Conklin & Del Rosario 116 (PNH 72636), L, ?PNH (cultivated in Mountain Province) represents this species in the Philippines. Cultivated, not naturalized.
3. Zephyranthes carinata Herb., Bot. Mag. 52 (1825) t.2594; Steiner, Philipp. Ornam. Pl. (1960) 138; Geerinck, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 11 (1993) 373. Distribution: S America. Cultivated, not naturalized.