Links 

General

• Flora Malesiana HERE.  By clicking on the e-data portal, you are taken to a page that has some family treatments (i.e. Boraginaceae, Daphniphyllaceae, Loranthaceae, Rafflesiaceae, Sapindaceae, Schisandraceae, Viscaceae, and Illiciaceae). There is also a key to some of the genera in the flora.  Also be aware that some treatments (e.g. Rafflesiaceae) are old and do not necessarily represent current thinking about the group.
• Biodiversity Heritage Library HERE.  A rich source of literature in biology, especially older works (e.g. see below links to Merrill's publications on Philippine botany).
• Flora of the Philippines. A working checklist (still incomplete) of the native and naturalized seed plants of the Philippines that are documented by herbarium specimens.  Produced by Dr. James Lafrankie and collaborators. HERE
• Conservation International. Biodiversity Hotspots: Philippines. HERE
• Cyclopaedia of Malesian Collectors HERE
• Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China HERE
• Plants of Southeast Asia HERE

Specific Plant Groups

• Southeast Asian Begonia Database HERE
• Malesian Orchid Genera Illustrated HERE
• Macaranga and Mallotus species from Borneo HERE
• Euphorbiaceae from Malesia HERE
• Euphorbiaceae from Thailand HERE
• Symplocaceae of the Old World HERE

Online Resources

• The New York Botanical Garden's Glossary for Vascular Plants HERE
  

Literature

Taxonomic

• Blanco PFM. 1945. Flora de Filipinas, segun el sistema sexual de Linneo. Manila: Impienta de D. Miguel Sanchez. Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• LaFrankie, JV. 2010. Trees of tropical Asia. An illustrated guide to diversity. Philippines: Black Tree Publications, Inc.
• Madulid DA. 1991. The endemic genera of flowering plants in the Philippines. Acta Manilana 39: 47-58.
• Madulid DA. 2001 A dictionary of Philippine Plant Names. Makati City, Philippines: The Bookmark, Inc.
• Merrill ED. Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill (Volume v.4) - Binder's title; (v. 19- called: Publications of E.D. Merrill). Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill (Volume v.5) - (v. 19- called: Publications of E.D. Merrill). Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE
• Merrill ED. Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill (Volume v.11) - Binder's title; (v. 19- called: Publications of E.D. Merrill). Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill (Volume v.13) - Binder's title; (v. 19- called: Publications of E.D. Merrill). Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill (Volume v.15) - Binder's title; (v. 19- called: Publications of E.D. Merrill). Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill (Volume v.16) - Binder's title; (v. 19- called: Publications of E.D. Merrill). Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
  
• Merrill ED. 1903. A dictionary of the plant names of the Philippine Islands. Manila: Bureau of public printing.Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE
• Merrill ED. 1903. Report on investigations made in Java in the year 1902. Manila: Bureau of Public Printing.
• Merrill ED. 1905. A review of the identifications of the species described in Blanco's Flora de Filipinas. Manila: Bureau of Public Printing.
• Merrill ED. 1912. A flora of Manila. Manila: Bureau of Printing. Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. 1908-1915. New of noteworthy Philippine Plants, V - XII. Publications of the Bureau of Government Laboratories, Manila. Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. 1918. Species Blancoanae: a critical revision of the Philippine species of plants described by Blanco and by Llanos. Manila: Bureau of Printing. Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.
• Merrill ED. 1922-1926. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants. Manila: Bureau of printing. Online at the Biodiversity Library. Vol. 1 HERE, Vol. 2 HERE, Vol. 3 HERE.
• Tan BC, Fernando ES. 1986. An updated list of endangered Philippine plants. Biological Society of Tunghai.
• Vidal y Soler S. 1889. Sinopsis de familias y generos de plantas leñosas de Filipinas, introduccion à la flora forestal del archipelago. Manila: Establechimiento Tip-Litográfico de Chofré y C.a. Online at the Biodiversity Library HERE.

Plant Communities, Floristics

• Ashton PS. 2003. Floristic zonation of tree communities on wet tropical mountains revisited. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 6: 87-104.
• Baker WJ, Coode MJE, Dransfield J, Dransfield S, Harley MM, Hoffmann P, Johns RJ. 1998. Patterns of distribution of Malesian vascular plants. Pages 243-258 in Hall R, Holloway JD, eds. Biogeography and Geological Evolution of SE Asia. Leiden, The Netherlands.
• Banaticla MCN, Buot IE. 2005. Altitudinal zonation of pteridophytes on Mt. Banahaw de Lucban, Luzon Island, Philippines. Plant Ecology 180: 135-151.
• Brooks RR. 1987. Serpentine and Its Vegetation: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Ecology, Phytogeography and Physiology Series. Vol. 1.: 454.
• Brown WH. 1919. The Vegetation of Philippine Mountains. The relation between the environment and physical types at different altitudes. Pages 434. Manila: Bureau of Printing.
• Brown WH, Fischer HF. 1920. Philippine mangrove swamps. Manila.: Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources Bureau of Forestry Bulletin No. 22, Bureau of Printing. Report no.
• Brown WH, Matthews DM. 1914. Philippine dipterocarp forests. Philippine Journal of Science 9: 451-000.
• Brown WH, Merrill ED. 1920. Philippine palms and palm products. Manila.: Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry Bulletin No. 22, Bureau of Printing. Report no.
• Buot IE, Jr. 2007. Vegetation zonation of Mt. Akiki, Cordillera mountain range, Benguet Province, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 16: 53-70.
• Buot IE, Jr. 2008. Sustaining environmental health in Philippine satoyama landscapes. Asia Life Sciences: 129-138.
• Buot IE, Jr. 2008. Vertical distribution and zonation pattern of woody vegetation on the northwestern slope of Mt. Mayon, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 17: 189-205.
• Buot IE, Jr., Okitsu S. 1998. Vertical distribution and structure of the tree vegetation in the montane forest of Mt. Pulog, Cordillera mountain range and the highest mountain in Luzon Is., Philippines. Vegetation Science 15: 19-32.
• Burrett C, Duhig N, Berry R, Varne R. 1991. Asian and South-western Pacific continental terranes derived from Gondwana, and their biogeographic significance. Australian Systematic Botany 4: 13–24.
• Castillo ML. 2001. Structure and Floristic Diversity of the Vegetation on an Ultramafic Hill in Surigao del Sur, Philippines.
• Champion HG. 1936. A preliminary survey of forest types of India and Burma. Indian Forestry Records (New Series) 1: 1-286.
• Chave, al. e. 2008. Assessing evidence for a pervasive alteration in tropical tree communities.
• Clements RN, Sodhi S, Schilthuizen M, Ng PKL. 2006. Limestone karsts of Southeast Asia: Imperiled arks of biodiversity. BioScience 56: 733-742.
• Co LL, Bartolome N, Molina JE, Yap S. 2003. Pictorial guide to the tree and shrub flora of the Palanan Forest Dynamics Plot and vicinity, Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park Pages 18 pp. and 100 color photographs. Manila: Conservation International and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Philippines.
• Co LL, et al. 2006. Forest Trees of Palanan, Philippines: A Study in Population Ecology. Quezon City, Philippines.: Center for Integrative Development Studies, University of the Philippines - Diliman. 313 pp.
• Co LL, et al. 2004. Palanan forest dynamics plot. Pages 574-584. Tropical Forest Diversity and Dynamism: Findings from a large-scale plot network University of Chicago Press, USA.
• Co LL, Re T. 1992. Botanical exploration in Palanan Wilderness, Isabela Province, the Philippines: First Report. Flora Malesiana Bulletin 11: 49-53.
• Fernando ES. 1988. Diversity of the Flora in Philippine Forest Ecosystems. Quezon City, Philippines.
• Fernando ES. 1990. The vegetation of the Philippines Islands and the situation of the flowering plants. Pages 21. College Park, Maryland, USA.
• Fernando ES. 2005. Restoring the Philippine Rain Forests. Haribon Policy Paper No. 2. Quezon City, Philippines: Haribon Foundation. Report no.
• Fernando ES, Pancho JV. 1980. Mangrove trees of the Philippines. Sylvatrop, Philippine Forest Research Journal 5: 35-54.
• Fernando ES, Suh MH, Lee JH, Lee DK. 2008. Forest formations of the Philippines. Seoul, Korea: ASEAN-Korea Environmental Cooperation Unit.
• Fernando ES, Sun BY, Suh MH, Kong HY, Koh KS, eds. 2004. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Mt Makiling Seoul, Korea: GauBook Publishing Co.
• Fernando ES, Bande MJM, Piollo RA, Sopot  DD, Dolotina NE, Granert WG. 2009. Dipterocarpaceae of Bohol Island, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 18: 121-138.
  
• Ferreras UF, Salome M, Acopiado D, Manglicmot DR, Mel Acedillo RM. 2011. A preliminary study on the floristic composition and structure of a lowland evergreen rainforest in Mt. Magdiwata, Agusan del Sur, Philippines. Sylvatrop, The Technical Journal of Philippine Ecosystems and Natural Resources 21: 61-104.
• Hamann A, Barbon EB, Curio E, Madulid DA. 1999. A botanical inventory of a submontane tropical rainforest on Negros Island, Philippines. Biodiversity and Conservation 8: 1017-1031.
• Jacobs M. 1972. The Plant World on Luzon's Highest Mountains. Rijksherbarium, Leiden. 32 pp.
• Kitayama K. 1992. An altitudinal transect study of the vegetation on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. Vegetatio 102: 149-171.
• Langenberger G, Martin K, Sauerborn J. 2006. Vascular plant species inventory of a Philippine lowland rain forest and its conservation value. Biodiversity and Conservation 15: 1271-1301.
• Linis VC. 2010. The mossflora of Camiguin Island, Philippines and their floristic relations to some adjacent islands in the archipelago. Telopea 12: 525-542.
• Mandia EH. 2001. The vegetation on the northeastern summit of Mt Hakon, Mindoro Island, Philippines. Pages 267-277 in Saw LGLSLC, Khoo KC, eds. Taxonomy, the Cornerstone of Biodiversity, Proceedings of the Fourth International Flora Malesiana Symposium 1998. Kuala Lumpur.: Forest Research Institute Malaysia.
• Marler TE, del Moral R. 2011. Primary Succession along an Elevation Gradient 15 Years after the Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Luzon, Philippines. Pacific Science 65: 157-173.
• Merrill ED. 1907. The flora Mt Hakon. Philippine Journal of Science 2: 251-309.
• Merrill ED. 1912. A flora of Manila. Manila: Bureau of Printing.
• Merrill ED, Merritt ML. 1910. The flora of Mt Pulog. Philippine Journal of Science 5: 287-403.
• Merritt ML. 1908. The forests of Mindoro. Philippine Journal of Science 4: 699-723.
• Morley RJ. 2000. Origin and Evolution of Tropical Rain Forests. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
• Oravainen HE, Crisologo J, Abando R, Herrera N, Sankiaho K, Klemetti V. 1992. Pre-feasibility study of the Philippines peat resources. Tropical Peat - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Peatland: 49-56, MARDI, Kuala Lumpur.
• Page SE, Rieley JO. 1998. Tropical peatlands: a review of their natural resource functions, with particular reference to Southeast Asia. Quaternary Research 8: 95-106.
• Page SEJOR, Wusl R, eds. 2006. Lowland tropical peatlands of Southeast Asia.
• Piipo S, Koponen T. 1997. On the phytogeographic biodiversity of Western Melanesian mosses. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 0: 191-201.
• Pipoly J, III, Madulid D. 1998. Composition, structure and species richness of a submontane moist forest on Mt Kinasalapi,
• Mindanao, Philippines. in Dallmeier F, Comiskey J, eds. Forest biodiversity research, monitoring and modeling. Conceptual background and Old World case studies.
• Podzorski A. 1985. The Palawan Botanical Expedition: Final Report. Landskrona, Sweden.: Hilleshog Forestry AB. Report no.
• Proctor J. 2003. Vegetation and soil and plant chemistry on ultramafic rocks in the tropical Far East. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 6: 105-124.
• Proctor JL, Bruijnzeel A, Baker A. 1999. What causes the vegetation types on Mount Bloomfield, a coastal tropical mountain of the western Philippines? Global Ecology & Biogeography 8: 347-354.
• Proctor JA, Baker JM, Van Balgooy MMJ, Bruijnzeel LA, Jones SH, Madulid DA. 1997. Mount Bloomfield, Palawan, Philippines: the scrub and Gymnostoma-woodland. Pages 123-131 in Jaffre T, ed. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Serpentine Ecology. Noumea, New Caledonia.: ORSTOM.
• Proctor JA, Baker JM, van Balgooy MMJ, Bruijnzeel LA, Jones SH, Madulid DA. 2000. Mount Bloomfield, Palawan, Philippines: forests on greywacke and serpentinized peridotite. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 57: 121- 139.
• Proctor JG, Argent C, Madulid DA. 1998. Forests of the ultramafic Mount Giting-Giting, Sibuyan Island, Philippines. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 55: 295-316.
• Van Steenis eGGJ. 1936. On the origin of the Malaysian mountain flora. 3. Analysis, of floristic relationships. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg Series 3 14: 56-72.
• Van Steenis eGGJ. 1957. Outline of vegetation types in Indonesia and some adjacent regions. Proceedings of the Pacific Science Congress 8: 61-97.
• van Welzen PC, Slik JWF. 2009. Patterns in species richness and composition of plant families in the Malay Archipelago. Blumea 54: 166-171.
• Whitford HN. 1906. The vegetation of the Lamao Forest Reserve. Philippine Journal of Science 1: 373-431.
• Whitford HN. 1909. Studies on the vegetation of the Philippines: The composition and volume of dipterocarp forests of the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science 4: 699-723.
• Whitford HN. 1911. The Forests of the Philippines. Part I, Forest Types and Products. Manila.: Bureau of Printing. Report no.
• Whitmore TC. 1981. Palaeoclimate and vegetation history. Pages 36-42 in Whitmore TC, ed. Wallace's Line and Plate Tectonics. Oxford.: Clarendon Press.
• Whitmore TC. 1984. Tropical Rain Forests of the Far East. 2nd ed. Oxford. Clarendon Press.
• Whitmore TC. 1984. A vegetation map of Malesia at scale 1:5 million. Journal of Biogeography 11: 461-471.
• Whitmore TC. 1989. Southeast Asian tropical forests. Pages 195-218 in Leith H, Werger JA, eds. Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystems of the World, vol. 14B. Amsterdam.: Elsevier.
• Whitmore TC. 1990. An Introduction to Tropical Rain Forests. Oxford.: Clarendon Press.
• Wyatt-Smith J. 1954. Forest memories of the Philippines. Malayan Forester 17: 135-143.
• Wyatt-Smith J. 1963. Manual of Malayan Silviculture for Inland Forests. Malaysia.: Malayan Forest Records 23. Report no.
• Zamora PM, Co LL. 19xx. Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna.  Volume II.  Economic Ferns, Endemic Ferns, Gymnosperms. Natural Resources Management Center, Ministry of Natural Resources and the University of the Philippines.

Biodiversity and Conservation Studies

• Alcala AC, Ingles JA, Bucol AA. 2008. Review of the Biodiversity of Southern Philippine Seas. Philippine Scientist 45: 1.
• Andriesse JP. 1988. Nature and Management of Tropical Peat Soils. Report no.
• Anonymous. Framework for Philippine Plant Conservation Strategy and Action Plan. Quezon City, Philippines: Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau.
• Anonymous. 2008. 12th Philippine Biodiversity Symposium "Biodiversity Conservation: Learning from the past, working for the future", April 21-24, 2003, Mambukal Resort, Murcia, Negros Occidental. 12th Philippine Biodiversity Symposium "Biodiversity Conservation: Learning from the past, working for the future", April 21-24, 2003, Mambukal Resort, Murcia, Negros Occidental.
• Ashton PS. 1997. Before the memory fades: some notes on the indigenous forests of the Philippines. Sandakania 9: 1-19.
• Austin RL, Eder JF. 2007. Environmentalism, development, and participation on Palawan Island, Philippines. Society & Natural Resources 20: 363-371.
• Bagarinao RT. 2011. Patch richness and shape complexity in Central Cebu Protected Landscape, Cebu Island, Philippines: Implications in Environmental Management. Asia Life Sciences 20: 25-35.
• Bravo MVA. 1998. Philippine wildlife: focus on biodiversity conservation. Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine 35: 80-82.
• Brooks TM, Mittermeier RA, da Fonseca GAB, Gerlach J, Hoffmann M, Lamoreux JF, Mittermeier CG, Pilgrim JD, Rodrigues ASL. 2006. Global Biodiversity Conservation Priorities. Science 313: 58-61
• Brooks TM, et al. 2002. Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Conservation Biology 16: 909-923.
• Bruner AG, Gullison RE, Rice RE, da Fonseca GAB. 2001. Effectiveness of Parks in Protecting Tropical Biodiversity. Science 291: 125-128.
• Bryant RL. 2000. Politicized moral geographies - Debating biodiversity conservation and ancestral domain in the Philippines. Political Geography 19: 673–705.
• California Academy of Science. 2011. The 2011 Philippine Biodiversity Expedition. HERE
• Carpenter D. 2005. The in situ conservation of rice plant genetic diversity: A case study from a Philippine barangay. Agriculture and Human Values 22: 421-434.
• Catibog-Sinha C, Heaney LR. 2006. Philippine Biodiversity: Principles and Practice. Haribon Foundation for the Conservation of Natural Resources, Inc. Quezon City.
• Chaineau C-H, Mine J, Suripno. 2010. The integration of biodiversity conservation with oil and gas exploration in sensitive tropical environments. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 587-600.
• Cincotta RP, Wisnewski J, Engelman R. 2000. Human population in the biodiversity hotspots. Nature 404: 990-992.
• Condit, al. e. 2005. Tropical Tree αlpha-diversity: results from a worldwide network of large plots
• Cox K, ed. 1990. Philippines Pp. 192-200 in: The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Asia and the Pacific, Collins, N. M., Sayer, J. A. & Whitmore, T. E. eds. London: Macmillan Press, Ltd.
• Danielsen F, Mendoza MM, Alviola  P, Balete DS, Enghoff M, Poulsen MK, Jensen AE. 2003. Biodiversity monitoring in developing countries: what are we trying to achieve? Oryx 37 407-409.
• Danielsen F, Mendoza MM, Tagtag A, Alviola PA, Balete DS, Jensen AE, Enghoff M, Poulsen MK. 2007. Increasing conservation management action by involving local people in natural resource monitoring. Ambio 36: 566-570.
• Day M, Urich PB. 2000. An assessment of protected karst landscapes in Southeast Asia. Cave and Karst Science 27: 61-70.
• Department of ENR. 1997. Philippine Biodiversity: An Assessment and Action Plan. . Pages 298 in Department of Environment and Natural Resources, ed. Makati City, Philippines. : United Nations Enviroment Programme, and Bookmark, Inc. .
• Dressler WH, Kull CA, Meredith TC. 2006. The politics of decentralizing national parks management in the Philippines. Political Geography 25: 789-816.
• Fortes MD. 2004. Wetland conservation and management in the Philippines: Where are we now? The case of seagrass and mangrove. Pages 233-262. Wetlands Ecosystems in Asia: Function and Management, vol. 1.
• Fuentes RU, Concepcion R. 2007. Implementation of initiatives for addressing climate change and land degradation: A look at the Philippine context. Pages 447-467. Climate and Land Degradation.
• Fuller GD. 1912. Forests of the Philippines. Botanical Gazette 53: 186-187.
• Garrity DP, Kummer DM, Guiang ES. 1993. The Philippines. Sustainable, Agriculture the Environment in the Humid, Tropics. Washington, DC. National Academy Press. Pp. 549-624.
• Gevana DT, Pampolina NM. 2009. Plant Diversity and Carbon Storage of a Rhizopora Stand in Verde Passage, San Juan, Batangas, Philippines. Journal of Environmental Science and Management 12: 1-10.
• Goode JP. 1912. The forests of the Philippines. Bulletin of the American Geographical Society 44: 81-89.
• Gruezo WS. 1997. Floral Diversity Profile of Mount Makiling Forest Reserve, Luzon, Philippines. Pages 153-175 in Dove MR, Sajise PE, eds. The Conditions of Biodiversity Maintenance in Asia - The Policy Linkages Between Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development.
• Gruezo WS. 1998. Species alpha diversity of Pagbilao Grande Island vegetations, Quezon Province, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 7: 39-92.
• Gruezo WS. 2009. Vegetation and wildlife fauna of the Emerald Bay coast, Zambales Province, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 18: 155-175.
• Gruezo WS. 2010. Vegetation and flora of Naujan Lake National Park watershed zone, Mindoro Oriental Province, Philippines, II. Lower Watershed Zone. Asia Life Sciences 19: 71-114.
• Gruezo WS. 2011. Vegetation and flora of Naujan Lake National Park watershed zone, Mindoro Oriental Province, Philippines, III. Diversity, conservation status and functional roles. Asia Life Sciences 19: 263-314.
• Gruezo WS, Badayos RB. 1996. Vegetation of Mt. Labo and vicinity, Camarines Norte Province (Luzon, Philippines). Asia Life Sciences 5: 63-106.
• Heaney LR, Regalado JC, Jr. 1998. Vanishing treasures of the Philippine rainforest. 
• Lasco RD, Pulhin JM. 2006. Environmental impacts of community-based forest management in the Philippines. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 5: 46 - 56.
• Leonen M, La Vina AGM. 1994. Obstacles to harnessing creativity: Philippine efforts to conserve biodiversity and to use biological resources sustainably. Pages 179-190. Widening perspectives on biodiversity.
• Madulid DA. 1996. Guidelines and policies on collection of biological specimens in the Philippines. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 51: 205-208.
• Mallari NA, B. R. Tabaranza Jr., and M. J. Crosby.  . 20xx. Key Conservation Sites in the Philippines. A Haribon Foundation and BirdLife International Directory of Important Bird Areas. : Department of Environment and Natural Resources and Bookmark, Inc. .
• Mallari NAD, Jensen A. 1993. Biological diversity in northern Sierra Madre, Philippines: Its implication for conservation and management. Asia Life Sciences 2: 101-112.
• Meniado AP, Garcia JL, Madamba EJ. 2002. The Philippines. Pages 216-236. Biodiversity planning in Asia. A review of national biodiversity strategies and action plans.
• Micosa-Tandug L, Sy MU. 1992. Philippine biodiversity research and development. Problems, processes and prospects. Canopy International 18: 10-12.
• Mittermeier RA, Myers N, Thomsen JB, Da Fonseca GAB, Olivieri S. 1998. Biodiversity Hotspots and Major Tropical Wilderness Areas: Approaches to Setting Conservation Priorities. Conservation Biology 12: 516–520.
• Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853-858.
• Posa M, Diesmos A, Sodhi N, Brooks T. 2008. Hope for Threatened Tropical Biodiversity: Lessons from the Philippines. BioScience 58: 231-240.
• Primavera JH. 2000. Development and conservation of Philippine mangroves: institutional issues. Ecological Economics 35.
• Restificar SDFMJD, Urich PB. 2006. Protection of karst in the Philippines. Acta Carsologica 35: 121-130.
• Sodhi NS, Posa MRC, Lee TM, Bickford D, Koh LP, Brook BW. 2010. The state and conservation of Southeast Asian biodiversity. Biodiversity And Conservation 19: 317-328.
• Sopsop LB, Buot IE, Jr. 2009. The endangered plants of Palawan Island, Philippines. Asia Life Sciences 18: 251-279.
• Tan BC, Rojo JP. 1988. The Philippines. Pages 46-62 in Campbell DG, Hammond D, eds. Floristic Inventory of Tropical Countries. New York. New York Botanical Garden.
• Tolentino EL, Jr. 2008. Restoration of Philippine Native Forest by Smallholder Tree Farmers. Pages 319-346. Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services: Lessons from Asia, vol. 5.
• Trono GC, Jr. 1999. Diversity of the seaweed flora of the Philippines and its utilization. Hydrobiologia 398-399: 1-6.
• Van der Ploeg J, A. B. Masipiqueña, and E. C. Bernardo (eds.). . 2003  The Sierra Madre Mountain Range: Global Relevance, Local Realities. 4th. Regional Conference on Environment and Development.: Cagayan Valley Program on Environment and Development (CVPED). Golden Press, Tuguegarao City.
• Vesilind PJ. 2002. Hotspots, preserving pieces of a fragile biosphere: The Philippines. National Geographic Magazine July: 62-81.
• Webb CO, Slik JWF, Triono T. 2010. Biodiversity inventory and informatics in Southeast Asia. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 955-972.
• Weidelt HJ, Banaag VS. 1982. Aspects of Management and Silviculture of Philippine Dipterocarp Forests. Eschborn.: German Agency for Technical Cooperation.

Economic and Medicinal Plants

• Agoo AMG, Madulid DA. 2006. Ethnomedical Plants of the Iraya Mangyans of Talipanan, Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro, Philippin. The Tenth International Congress of Ethnobiology (ICE2006), . Chiang Rai, Thailand.
• Aguilar-Stoen M, Moe SR. 2007. Medicinal plant conservation and management: distribution of wild and cultivated species in eight countries. Biodiversity and Conservation 16: 1973-1981.
• Co LL. 1989. Common Medicinal Plants of the Cordillera Region (Northern Luzon, Philippines).  A training manual for community based health programs.  CHESTCORE (Community Health Education, Services and Training in the Cordillera Region). Baguio City.
• Frei M, Becker K. 2004. Agro-biodiversity in subsistence-oriented farming systems in a Philippine upland region: nutritional considerations. Biodiversity and Conservation 13: 1591-1610.
• Gruezo WS, Harries HC. 1984. Self-sown, wild-type coconuts in the Philippines. Biotropica 18: 140-147.
• Guerrero LM. 1922. Medicinal Uses of Philippine plants: Dept. of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
• Kowal NE. 1966. Shifting cultivation, fire, and pine forest in the Cordillera Central, Luzon, Philippines. Ecological Monographs 36: 389-419.
• Madulid DA. 2000  A Pictoral Cyclopedia of Philippine Ornamental Plants. Makati City, Philippines: The Bookmark, Inc.
• Nazarea VD. 1998 Cultural memory and biodiversity. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
• Quisumbing E. 1951. Medicinal Plants of the Philippines. Manila: Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Republic of the Philippines. Techn. Bull. 16. Bureau of Printing.
• Soejarto DD, Gyllenhaal C, Farnsworth NR. 1996. Appendix IV: The Manila Declaration concerning the ethical utilization of biological resources. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 51: 311-313.
• Stuart, Godofredo. Lists of Philippine herbal and medicinal plants. This WEB SITE lists, in both English and Tagalog, ca. 1000 plants used for medicinal purposes in the Philippines. The pages are authored by Godofredo Stuart, Angela Stuart-Santiago, and M. Leila Santiago-Flores. Site accessed May 11, 2012.