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Pandanaceae

Benstonea Callm. & Buerki

Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 9 September 2014

Photos
  1. Benstonea affinis (Kurz) Callm. & Buerki, Candollea 67 (2012) 330; --Pandanus affinis Kurz, J. Bot. 5 (1867) 101; --Type from Indonesia. --Pandanus merrillii Warb. in Perkins Frag. Fl. Philipp. (1904) 50;--Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 71; Webbia 4 (1913) 23, t. 32, Fig. 35-37; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Type: Merrill 840 (B, holo; FI, NY, US, iso), Palawan: Palawan prov., San Antonio Bay, on dry slopes, 1500ft, Feb-1903. Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, Vietnam, Philippines. PALAWAN. Primary forests, sea level to 500m. Photos
  2. Benstonea copelandii (Merr.) Callm. & Buerki, Candollea 67 (2012) 332; --Pandanus copelandii Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 17 (1904) 7; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 11, t. 31, Fig. 5-7; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --St John, Pacific Sc. 23 (1969) 355, Fig. 295-296; --Type: Copeland 140 (PNH, holo, lost; FI, iso, lost?), Negros: Gimagon River, in forests, c. 100m, 5-Jan-1904; Elmer 15267 (G, neo; FI, K, L, MO, P, U, UC, US, isoneo), Luzon: Sorsogon Prov., Mt. Bulusan, Irosin, Apr-1916. --Pandanus copelandii Merr. var. panchoi BC Stone, Fed. Mus. J. 23 (1978) 25; --Type: Pancho & Bardenas 4820 (CAHUP, holo), Luzon: Sorsogon Prov., Gubat, 25-Oct-1960. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao (Mt Magnas), Benguet (Sablan), Cagayan, Kinagumar (BS 15268 Rosenbluth), Nueva Vizcaya (Dupax), Pangasinan (Mt San Isidro Labrador), Rizal (Mt Lumutan), Laguna, Quezon (Lucban), Camarines Norte (Paracale), Sorsogon (Irosin, Mt Bulusan), BATAN (off Albay), POLILLO, CATANDUANES, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Yagaw; Naujan), PALAWAN (Puerto Princesa), PANAY: Capiz (Hamanay), LEYTE (Palo), SAMAR: Eastern Samar (Borongan), BUCAS GRANDE, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley), Tanculan, Davao (Mt Apo), Agusan del Norte (Butuan, San Mateo, Tungao); Surigao del Norte, Davao Oriental (Mati). Photos

Freycinetia Gaudich.

Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 12 November 2016

Photos
  1. Freycinetia acutifolia Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 267; EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type BS 30319 Ramos (US, iso), Catanduanes: back of Calolbong, in forests along small streams at low elevation, 10-Dec-1917. Endemic to Philippines. CATANDUANES. Potentially a synonym of Freycinetia philippinensis Hemsl.
  2. Freycinetia angulata C.B.Rob. ex Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 16, 309; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type: BS 6221 Robinson (US, iso?), Batan Island (off Albay prov.), 22/23-Aug-1908. Endemic to the Philippines. BATAN (off Albay prov., SE Luzon). Potentially a synonym of Freycinetia philippinensis Hemsl.
  3. Freycinetia angustifolia Blume, Rumphia 1 (1835) 149, t. 43; --Stone, Gard. Bull. Sing. 25  (1970)   197; 214; --Type from Java. --Freycinetia baganot Martelli, ined. Based on Elmer 12426 (L, E), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting. --Freycinetia insipida Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1114; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Elmer 12426, Sibuyan: Magallanes (=Magdiwang), Mt Giting-giting, loose climber over cliffs and upon medium-sized trees extending over or partly into the Pauala River at 500-600m. SIBUYAN. Forests along streams, 500-600m.Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan), Java and the Philippines.  SIBUYAN (Mt Giting-giting, 2 collections).
  4. Freycinetia apayaoensis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 269; EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type: BS 28034 E Fénix (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Apayao prov., Ngagan, in forests, 9-May-1917. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Apayao. Low elevation forests along streams.
  5. Freycinetia apoensis Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1111; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type: Elmer 10781. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Forests along streams, c. 1200m.
  6. Freycinetia atocensis Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 28, 309; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type: Loher 1570. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Probably in forests, elevation at or above 1000m.
  7. Freycinetia cultella Stone, Webbia 23 (1969) 600; --Freycinetia urdanetensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1934) 3808, not validly published, no Latin description; --Type: Elmer 13766 (MO, NY, U, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Oct-1912. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte.
  8. Freycinetia cumingiana Gaudich., Bot. Voy. Bonite (1839-46), t. 37, Fig. 12-14, t. 60, without description; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 19, 310; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 10. --Freycinetia luzonensis C Presl Epim. (1851) 238 (incl. var. heterophylla Presl); --Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 154, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 280; --Warb. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 35, Fig. 10, D-E; --Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 311; --C.B.Rob., op. cit. 6 c (1911) Bot. 193; --Type: Cuming 1455 (B), Luzon: Camarines Sur prov., Mt Isarog. --Freycinetia luteocarpa Elmer, LPB 10 (1934) 3604, not validly published, no Latin description; --Syntypes: Elmer 15930 (NY), 16016 (MO, NY), Luzon: Sorsogon prov., Irosin, Mt Bulusan, May-1915; Elmer 15394 (L, NY), initially distributed as F. membranifolia Elmer, ined., same locality, Dec-1915. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon. Low and medium elevation forests.
  9. Freycinetia curranii Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) ) Bot. 312; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 14, 310; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 10; --Type: FB 11359 Curran, Luzon: Camarines Sur prov., Mt Isarog, in forest c. 1000m. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, CATANDUANES, PANAY, CAMIGUIN. Low and medium elevation primary forests.
  10. Freycinetia dilatata Merr. ex Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 214; PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 313; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 310; --Type: Elmer 9008 (NY, US), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, May-1907. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Possibly a synonym of Freycinetia formosana Hemsl.
  11. Freycinetia discoidea Martelli in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1113; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 10; --Stone, Gard. Bull. Sing. 25  (1970) 226, Fig. 5; --Type: Elmer 12197 (US, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting, Apr-1910. Borneo, Philippines. SIBUYAN. Possibly a synonym of Freycinetia gitingiana Martelli.
  12. Freycinetia ensifolia Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 17 (1904) 5; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 32, 310; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 10; --Type: Merrill 3242 (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Oct-1903. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Bataan (Mt Mariveles), Pampanga, MINDORO, NEGROS. Mossy forests, 1200-1600m. Photos
  13. Freycinetia ferox Warb., in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 33; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 13, 310; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 10, excl. synonym F. lucbanensis Elmer; --Type: Warburg s.n. (B, holo), Luzon: probably Tayabas (=Quezon) prov., fide Merrill, 1908. --Freycinetia maxima Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) ) Bot. 310; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 13, 312; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: FB 10754 Curran (US, syntype), Luzon: Quezon prov., Malicboy, 22-Jul-1908. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Camarines, Albay, Sorsogon, SAMAR. Low and medium elevation primary forests to 500m.
  14. Freycinetia formosana Hemsl., Kew Bull. (1896) 166; --Kuo, CS & TW Hsu in TC Huang, ed. Fl. Taiwan, 2nd ed. (2000) 698, Pl. 300, Photo 76; --Freycinetia banahaensis Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 215; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 29, 309; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 9. --Freycinetia williamsii Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) 315, 394; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 32, 315; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 14; --Type: RS Williams 1013, Batan: Sto Domingo de Basco (=Basco), Jun-1907. --Freycinetia batanensis Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 29, 309; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type: BS 3806 E Fénix. --Freycinetia subflagellata Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3098; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 14; --Type: Elmer 17967 (MO, iso), Luzon: Laguna prov., Los Baños, Mt Makiling, vicinity of coffee plantation, Jun/Jul-1917. --Freycinetia irosinensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3602, not validly published, no Latin description; --Type: Elmer 16430 (MO, NA, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon prov., Irosin, Mt Bulusan, in light woods at 750ft elevation, Jun-1916. Ryukyu Isls, Taiwan, Lanyu, Lutao, Philippines. BATANES, LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Ifugao, Benguet, Cagayan, Pangasinan, Aurora (Mt Mingan), Bataan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, PANAY, NEGROS. Primary forests as well as ridge thickets and forest, low and medium elevation forests, ascending to 2000m. Photos
  15. Freycinetia fusiformis B.C.Stone, Webbia 23 (1969) 601. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON.
  16. Freycinetia gitingiana Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1112; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Stone,  Gard. Bull. Sing. 25 (1970) 230; --Type: Elmer 12358 (NY, US, iso), Sibuyan: Mt Giting-giting. Dry forest at 1750ft  along trail towards España, Apr-1910. Borneo (Sabah, Mt Kinabalu) and the Philippines. SIBUYAN. In forests, 300-500m.
  17. Freycinetia jagorii Warb. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 39; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 25, 311; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Jagor 954 (B), Samar. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon, BILIRAN, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley), Agusan. Low and medium elevation forests.
  18. Freycinetia lagenicarpa Warb. in K Schum. & Laut., Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Sudsee (1905) 52. New Guinea, Philippines.
  19. Freycinetia leptophylla Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 20, 312; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Loher 5450. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal, Laguna. Medium elevation forests.
  20. Freycinetia lucbanensis Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 212; --Type: Elmer 8230 (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, May-1907. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon (Lucban). Primary forests, c. 500m.
  21. Freycinetia marginata Blume, Rumphia 1 (1837) 158. Borneo to W Pacific, Philippines?
  22. Freycinetia megacarpa Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) ) Bot. 314; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 31, 312; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Clemens s.n. MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Agusan del Norte. Forests, c. 650m.
  23. Freycinetia merrillii Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 216; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 31, 313; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Elmer 9010 (MO, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, scandent on shrubbery along creeks at 600m, May-1907. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Quezon. Forests along streams, c. 600m.
  24. Freycinetia monocephala Elmer, LPB 1 (1906) 78; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 31, 313; --Merr.,  EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Elmer 7380 (MO, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, very damp and deeply shaded ravines of the forest, 900m, May-1906. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Rizal, Laguna, Quezon. Forests, c. 700m.
  25. Freycinetia montalbanica Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 18, 313; --C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 193; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Type: Loher s.n., Luzon: Rizal prov., Montalban. LUZON: Rizal. Probably in forests at medium elevation. Robinson (1911) also cites seemingly identical materials from Nueva Ecija, Camarines and POLILLO. Potentially a synonym of Freycinetia imbricata Blume.
  26. Freycinetia multiflora Merr., PJS 2 c (1907) Bot.  259; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 17, 313; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 12. --Freycinetia robinsonii var. latifolia Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 18, 314; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 13. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Benguet, Bataan, Pampanga, Rizal, Laguna, MINDORO, NEGROS, LEYTE, MINDANAO. Low and medium elevation primary forests up to 900m. Photos
  27. Freycinetia negrosensis Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) ) Bot. 313; EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 28, 313; --Type: Whitford 1541 (US, iso), Negros: Negros Occidental prov., Mt Silay, in forests on exposed ridges, c. 1200m, May-1906. --Freycinetia superba Martelli, LPB 3 (1911) 1115; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 14; --Type: Elmer 12257 (B, BISH, L, US, iso), Sibuyan: Magallanes (=Magdiwang), Mt Giting-giting, in good soil of forests on ridges or along streams at 300-600m, Apr-1910. --Freycinetia pandanicarpa Elmer, LPB 10 (1938) 3607, not validly published, no Latin description; --Type: Elmer 13683 (MO, NA, NY, 2 sheets, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon prov., Irosin, Mt Bulusan, wooded areas and upon steep ravines, 2500ft, Aug-1916. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, SIBUYAN (Mt Giting-giting), NEGROS, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (Mt Hilong-hilong). Forests, 300-1200m.
  28. Freycinetia oblongifolia Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) ) Bot. 310; EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 16, 313; --Syntypes: Bolster 342 (MO), 249, Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., Surigao, May & Feb-1906, respectively, in forests, 100-130m. --Freycinetia platyphylla Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) ) Bot.  267; EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Type: BS 24349 Ramos, Samar: Catubig River at Pinpisakan, forest near the river, 21-Mar-1916. Endemic to the Philippines. SAMAR, PANAY, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Lowland primary forests.
  29. Freycinetia palawanensis Merr. ex Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 216; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 23, 313; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Type: BS 706 Foxworthy (NY, iso), Palawan: Victoria Peak, 900m, Mar-1906. Photos
  30. Freycinetia peripiezocarpa Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 314; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Syntype: FB 10858 Curran (US), Luzon: Benguet prov., Dec-1908. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet. Possibly a synonym of Freycinetia formosana Hemsl.
  31. Freycinetia philippinensis Hemsl., Kew Bull. (1896) 165; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 25, 314; --Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 313; EPFP 1 (1922) 12; --Syntypes: Cuming 1898 (K, cited by Merrill, 1908), Philippines, no definite locality; Gregory 117, Luzon: Quezon prov., Aug-1904. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan, Quezon, Camarines, PANAY: Antique, BILIRAN, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Low and medium elevation primary forests.
  32. Freycinetia polystachya Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 14, 314; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 13. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Rizal, Quezon. Medium elevation forests.
  33. Freycinetia rigida Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 362; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 26, 314; --Merr., EPFP 1  (1922) 13; --Type: Elmer 7847. --Freycinetia botuliformis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 268; EPFP 1 (1922) 10; --Type: BS 23363 Ramos (A, US, iso), Luzon: Sorsogon prov., Mt Lalao, in damp forests, Sep-1915. --Freycinetia robusta Elmer, LPB 8 (1919) 3097; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 13; --Type: Elmer 18026 (MO, US, iso), Luzon: Laguna prov., Los Baños, Mt Makiling, creek bottom of the so-called crater, Jun/Jul-1917. --Freycinetia cuernosensis Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 26, 310; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 10; --Type: Elmer 9677 (US, iso), Negros: Negros Oriental prov., Mar-1906. --Freycinetia hemsleyi Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 214, non Warb.; --Type: Elmer 7847 (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, foothill woods at 800m, May-1907. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns). Medium elevation primary forests to c. 800m.
  34. Freycinetia robinsonii Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 311; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 17, 314;  --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 13; --Stone, Gard. Bull. Sing. 25 (1970) 228; --Type: FB 3037 Borden.
  35. Freycinetia rostrata Merr., PJS 1 suppl. (1906) 3; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 34, 314; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 177; --Type: Clemens 475, Mindanao: Lanao del Sur prov., Camp Keithley, Apr-1906. NEGROS, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, SIARGAO. Low and medium elevation forests. Potentially a synonym of Freycinetia devriesei Solm.
  36. Freycinetia scabripes Warb., in Engl., Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 41; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 27, 314; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 13; --Type: Warburg s.n. (B). Endemic to the Philippines. Possibly a synonym of Freycinetia formosana Hemsl.
  37. Freycinetia sphaerocephala Gaudich., Bot. Voy. Bonite (1843), t. 52; Warb. in Engl. Pflanzen-  reich 3 (1900) 35; Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 314; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 33, 315; --Merr.,   EPFP 1 (1922) 13; --Type: possibly Cuming 839 (fide Merr. 1908), Luzon: Albay prov. --Freycinetia globosa Merr., PJS 2c (1907) Bot. 260; Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 217; --Type: Merrill 5791 (NY, US, iso), Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon, in forest, 1150m, Nov-1906. --Freycinetia surigaoensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3774, not validly pubished, no Latin description; --Type: Elmer 13725 (MO, NY, 2 sheets), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta, Sep-1912. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Apayao, Laguna, Camarines, Albay, Sorsogon, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (Mt Urdaneta). In forests at low and medium elevation, ascending to 1150 m.
  38. Freycinetia stricta B.C.Stone, Webbia 23 (1969) 600. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON.
  39. Freycinetia sumatrana Hemsl., Kew Bull. (1896) 167; --Stone, Gard. Bull. Sing. 25 (1970) 201, Fig. 3a-b; 217; --Type from Sumatra. --Freycinetia auriculata Merr., PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 312; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 15, 309; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 9; --Type: BS 876 Foxworthy (NY, US, iso), Palawan: near Puerto Princesa, May-1906. Andaman Isls, Thailand, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo (Sarawak) and the Philippines. PALAWAN, BASILAN (Isabela, Univ. of the Philippines Land Grant). Lowland to medium elevation forests.
  40. Freycinetia vidalii Hemsl., Kew Bull. (1896) 166; Warb. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 36; Merr.,  PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 311; Martelli in Elmer, LPB 3 (1910) 21, 315; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 14; --Type: Vidal 3964 (K), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya prov., Bayombon (=Bayombong). --Freycinetia loheri Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 15, 312; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 11; --Type: Loher 5469 (L, iso), Luzon: Rizal prov., Montalban, Jun-1905. --Freycinetia confusa Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 213; --Type: Elmer 9007 (MO, NY, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, in woods at 650m, May-1907. LUZON: Apayao, Cagayan, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya (Bayombong), Rizal, Quezon. Primary forests at low and medium elevation, ascending to c.1200m.
  41. Freycinetia warburgii Elmer, LPB 1 (1907) 218; --Martelli, Webbia 3 (1910) 34, 315; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 14; --Type: Elmer 8229 (L, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, swampy wooded area, 500m, May-1909. --Freycinetia sorsogonensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3608, not validly published, no Latin description; --Type: Elmer 15833 (MO, NY), Luzon: Sorsogon prov., Irosin, Mt Bulusan, humid forest at 1000ft, Apr-1916. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon. Medium elevation forests.

Pandanus Parkins.

Edited by Pieter B. Pelser, 12 November 2016

Photos
  1. Pandanus apoensis Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1129; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: Elmer 11313 (A, BISH 2sheets, L, MO NY, US), Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Todaya, damp fertile humus-covered soil of dense woods at 4000ft S of the Sibulan River, Aug-1909. --Pandanus apiculatus Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 240; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: BS 34572 Ramos & Pascasio (US, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte, on ridges, c. 690m at the iron deposit on the NE coast, 25-Apr-1919. --Pandanus dinagatensis Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 240; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 17; --Type: BS 35183 Ramos & Pascasio (A, US, iso), Dinagat: forests along streams at low elevation, 12-May-1919. Endemic to the Philippines. DINAGAT: Lowland forests along streams, MINDANAO: Davao (Mt Apo), Surigao del Norte. Ridges on iron deposits (presumably also on ultramafics which abound in Surigao del Norte), to lower montane forest on Mt Apo, 650-1200m.
  2. Pandanus barai Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1126; --Webbia 4 (1913) 7, t. 38, Fig. 10-13; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: Elmer 10924 (BISH, 2 sheets, L, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Todaya, very moist humus-covered soil at 3500ft on the N flank of the Baruring River, Jun-1909. --Pandanus calceiformis Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1127; --Webbia 4 (1913) 9, t. 35, Fig. 3-6; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --Type: Elmer 11654 (L, MO, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Todaya, dry soil of a wooded ridge near the Mainit Creek at 1350m, Sep-1909. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Low to medium elevation forests, ascending to 1350m.
  3. Pandanus basilocularis Martelli, Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1904) 299. --Pandanus decipiens Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 12; --l.c. 4 (1914) 402, t. 37, Fig. 7-9; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --Type: Elmer 12593 (B, GH, L, MO, NY, U, US, iso), Palawan: Brookes Point, Addison Peak (=Mt Maruyog), swampy black soil of woods at 25ft, Mar-1911. Borneo, Philippines.  PALAWAN. Low elevation forests and thickets, often behind mangroves.
  4. Pandanus biliranensis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 266; EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: BS 18895 McGregor (A, BISH, US, iso), Biliran: in forest, c. 300m, 20-Jun-1914. Endemic to the Philippines. BILIRAN. Forests, c. 300m.
  5. Pandanus botryoides Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 66; --Webbia 4 (1913) 8, t. 4, Fig. 14-16; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: Merrill 5442 (BISH, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao Oriental prov., Cateel (formerly under Surigao prov., locality in the orginal label indicated as Catel’), along tidal streams, Oct-1906. Endemic to the Philippines. POLILLO, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Lake Lanao), Agusan del Norte, Davao Oriental. Forests along tidal streams, also along lake shore at 650m at Lanao del Sur. Merrill (1922) has reservations on the distinction of this species with P. radicans Blanco.
  6. Pandanus brachyspathus Martelli, Webbia iv. 420. Moluccas, Sulawesi, Philippines?
  7. Pandanus brevispathus Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 69; --Webbia 4 (1913) 8, t. 26, Fig. 3-5; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: Copeland 442 (BISH, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, thickets in coastal Barringtonia formation, Mar-1904. --Pandanus polycephalus Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.} 17 (1904) 8, non Lam. MINDANAO: Davao. Coastal thickets. Possibly a synonym of Pandanus polycephalus Lam.
  8. Pandanus calamianensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 448; EPFP 4 (1925) 247, --Type: BS 41178 Ramos (A, B, BISH, US, iso), Busuanga: In forests along small streams at low elevation, 23-Sep-1922. Endemic to the Philippines. BUSUANGA. Lowland forests along small streams.
  9. Pandanus cheilostigma Stone, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 94 (1974) 535; --Type: PNH 12081 Edaño (A,   iso), Leyte: Leyte prov., Ormoc, Mt Janagdan, summit, 1190m, 7-Apr-1950. Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE.
  10. Pandanus cubicus St. John, Pacific Sc. 23 (1969) 360, Fig. 297; --Type: BS 44786 Ramos & Edaño (K, holo; A, UC, US, iso), Luzon: Zambales prov., Mt Marayep, Dec-1924. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Zambales. Known only from the type collection.
  11. Pandanus cumingianus Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot.  70; --Webbia 4 (1913) 11, t. 25, Fig. 13-15; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --Type: Cuming sn. (BM, photo of type with syncarp only, cited by Merrill, 1922), Negros. Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS.
  12. Pandanus dubius Spreng., Syst. 3 (1826) 897; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 12; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 17. Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, New Guinea, Vanuatu, Carolines, Marianas. MINDANAO: Davao (Malalag). Coastal thickets or forests. Photos
  13. Pandanus esculentus Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 13, --l.c. 4 (1914) 403, t.25, Fig. 1-3; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 17; --Type: FB 17813 Curran (US, iso), Luzon: Cagayan prov., Jan-1912. --Pandanus paracalensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 450; EPFP 4 (1925) 247; --Type: BS 33687 Ramos & Edaño (A, BISH, US, iso), Luzon: Camarines Norte prov., Paracale, in forests along small streams at low elevation, 30-Nov-1918. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Apayao, Benguet, Cagayan, Bulacan, Camarines Norte. Low and medium elevation forests, ascending to 1000m.
  14. Pandanus exaltatus Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 778; --ed. 2 (1845) 536; --ed. 3, 3 (1879) 183; --Warb. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 84; --Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 64; Webbia 4 (1913) 13, t. 10, Fig.. 1-3, 9-11; --Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 54; EPFP 1 (1922) 17; --Type: Not extant. --Pandanus ahernianus forma ahernianus Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) 64; --Webbia 4 (1913) 13, t. 10, Fig. 4-8, 12-15; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 17; --Syntypes: Dec Philip. Forest Fl. 296 leg. Ahern’s Collector (A, US), Luzon: Rizal prov., Bosoboso, upper hill forests, Feb-1905; --Bolster 89 (not seen), Luzon: Pampanga prov., Mt Arayat, base of the mountain along streams, May-1905. --Pandanus arayatensis Merr.,  Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 7, t. 3; PJS 1 (1906) Suppl. 25; --Martelli in Webbia 41 (1913) 6; --Type: Merrill 3832 (NY, US, iso), Luzon: Pampanga prov., Mt Arayat, in forest only at and near the summit at 878m, May-1904. --Pandanus banahaensis Elmer LPB 1 (1906) 79; --Martelli in Webbia 41 (1913) 7, as ‘banahaoensis’; --Type: Elmer 7378 (L, iso). Luzon: Quezon prov., Mt Banahaw, Mar-1906. --Pandanus vidalii Martelli in PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 65; Webbia 41 (1913) 36, t. 8, Fig. 11-13; --Type: Whitford 1325 (not seen), Luzon: Bataan prov., Limay Peak, above 850m, at the head of Lamao River.  --Pandanus caudatus Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 6; --Martelli, Webbia 4(1913) 9, t. 4, Fig. 1-3; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --Type: Elmer 6143 (B, NY, US, iso), Luzon: Benguet prov., Sablan, Apr-1904. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Benguet, Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Bataan, Rizal, Quezon, CATANDUANES. Medium elevation forests or thickets, ascending to 1000m.
  15. Pandanus gracilis Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 778; ed. 2 (1845) 536; ed. 3, 3 (1879) 182, t. 446; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 16, t. 25, Fig. 16-24, 25-26; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 18; --Type: Not extant, Merrill Sp. Blancoanae 896 (US) may perhaps be designated as neotype: Luzon: Bataan prov., Mar-1915. Merrill Sp. Blancoanae 890 (US), labeled as an ‘illustrative specimen’ for P. gracilis represents another taxon. BC Stone annotated it as P. clementis Merr. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, Bataan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Camarines. Medium elevation primary forests, ascending to 1000m.
  16. Pandanus hermesii Stone, Kalikasan 5 (1976) 25; --Type: PNH 108953 Gutierrez, Yen & Reynoso (BISH, iso), Mindanao: South Cotabato prov., Tasaday, primary forest on ridge, 3000ft, Aug-1972. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: South Cotabato.
  17. Pandanus julifer Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 18, --ibid. (1914) 428, t. 43, Fig. 10-12; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 18, as ‘juliferus’, --Type: BS 14670 Ramos (US, iso), Camiguin: Camiguin prov., Mar/Apr-1912. CAMIGUIN. Probably in forest, c. 1000m. Apparently very near P. polyglossus Martelli.
  18. Pandanus kaida Kurz, J. As. Soc. Beng. 38 (1869) ii, 148; --Type from Thailand. --Pandanus busuangaensis Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 449; EPFP 4 (1925) 247; --Type: BS 41224 Ramos (A, B,   BISH, US, iso), Busuanga: near the seashore, 20-Sep-1922. BUSUANGA. Along the seashore.
  19. Pandanus lateralis Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) 68; --Webbia 4 (1913) 20, t. 27, Fig. 31-33; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 18; --Type: Copeland 386 (erroneously cited as ‘336’ by Merr., 1922) (US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mar-1904. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO.
  20. Pandanus leonardocoi P.Zamora & W.Gruezo, Asia Life Sciences 25 (2016) 640; --Type: Zamora s.n. (PUH14580, holo), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., Nonoc Island, 18-Jul-1998. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Only known from type. Conservation status: VU (Zamora & Gruezo, 2016).
  21. Pandanus luzonensis Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 17 (1904) 6; EPFP 1 (1922) 18; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 22, t. 15, Fig. 5-9; --Type: Merrill 3317 (US, iso), Luzon: Bataan prov., Lamao River, Oct-1903. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Pangasinan, Zambales, Bataan, Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna. Lowland secondary forests. Photos
  22. Pandanus martellii Elmer, LPB 1 (1908) 272; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 23, t. 11, Fig. 4-7; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Type: Elmer 9082 (L, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, in forest, May-1907. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon. Medium elevation forests.
  23. Pandanus mindanaensis Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1121; --Webbia 4 (1913) 24, t. 36, Fig. 4-7 [as mindanaoensis’]; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Type: Elmer 10823 (BISH 2 sheets, L,   MO, NY, US, iso), Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya, dense humid forests at 4000ft S of Baruring River, Jun-1909. --Pandanus acladus Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 265; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: BS 30462 Ramos (US, iso), Catanduanes: Catanduanes prov., in damp forests, 10-Dec-1917. Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao. Lowland forests along streams, lower montane forest, 150-1200m.
  24. Pandanus multibracteatus Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 241; EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Type: BS 34571 (A, US, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., iron deposit on the NE coast on the Hegapit River, c. 680m, 25-Apr-1919. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte.
  25. Pandanus nobilis Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 134, pl. 1; --Type: BS 45568 Ramos & Edaño (NY, iso), Luzon: Aurora prov., Casiguran, along streams in damp forest at low elevation, 5-May-1925. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela (San Mariano), Aurora (Casiguran). Lowland forests along stream, ascending to 400m. Allied to P. exaltatus Blanco, differing in its larger drupes and much larger syncarps.
  26. Pandanus occultus Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 265; EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Type: Merrill 9361 (BISH, L, NY, US, iso), Palawan: Taytay, periodically swampy during the rainy season, slightly above sea level, 7-May-1913. Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN (Taytay). Primary lowland swamp forests.
  27. Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 737. --Pandanus odoratissimus L.f., Suppl. (1781) 424; --Vidal, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 42, t. 95, Fig. A. --Pandanus spiralis Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 777; ed. 2 (1845) 535; ed. 3, 3 (1879) 181; --Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 89, non R Br; --Type: FB 92 Barnes (not seen), Luzon: Bataan prov., Lamao, on sandy beach, Nov-1903. --Pandanus blancoi Kunth Enum. 3 (1841) 583. --Pandanus linnaei forma philippinensis Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 21, t.6, Fig. 1-2; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 18; --Type: Merrill 4140, Semerara (=Semirara), Open grasslands along borders of thickets but near the sea, Jul-1905. BUSUANGA, SEMIRARA. Low elevation thickets. Widespread, coastal and marshlands near coastal areas.
  28. Pandanus pallidus, Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 5; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 26, t. 27, Fig. 28-30; --Type: Elmer 5840 (B, BISH, NY US, iso), Luzon: Benguet prov., Baguio, Mar-1904. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Nueva Ecija. Forested stream depressions up to 1500m.
  29. Pandanus paloensis Elmer, LPB 1 (1906) 75; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 26, t. 27, Fig. 22-27; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 19. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Apayao, Cagayan, Camarines, Sorsogon, LEYTE, MINDANAO. Lowland forests.
  30. Pandanus panayensis Merr. PJS 14 (1919) 366; EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: BS 30796 Ramos & Edaño (A, BISH, US), Panay: Aklan prov., Mt Magosolon (indicated in the label as Mt Macosolon; Aklan is formerly a part of the province of Capiz), on forested slopes, 22-Apr-1918. Endemic to the Philippines. PANAY: Aklan. Low or medium elevation forest.
  31. Pandanus patelliformis Merr., PJS 29 (1926) 476; --Type: BS 43151 Ramos (PNH, holo, lost?; UC (on two sheets) possible lecto; A, iso), Bohol: Kalingohan, on rocky forested slopes, c. 600m, Aug-1923. Endemic to the Philippines. BOHOL. Medium elevation forest, possibly on limestone.
  32. Pandanus philippinensis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 264; EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: BS 11289 RC McGregor (BISH, US), Luzon: Nueva Vizcaya prov., Campote, on forested hillsides, Mar-1912. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya. Medium elevation on forested slopes.
  33. Pandanus piricus H.St.John, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 101(3) (1980) 389; --Type?: PNH 12082 Edaño (L), Leyte: Leyte prov., Ormoc, Mt Janagdan, summit, 1190m, 7-Apr-1950. Endemic to the Philippines. LEYTE.
  34. Pandanus polycephalus Lam., Encyc. 1 (1783) 372. --Pandanus mapola Martelli in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1124; --Webbia 4 (1913) 22, t. 41, Fig. 14-17; --Merr.,   EPFP 1 (1922) 19; --Type: Elmer 12139a (BISH, L, MO, NY, iso), Sibuyan: Magallanes (=Magdiwang), compact fertile soil near Nipa swamp at 100ft. SIBUYAN. Lowland thickets and forests.
  35. Pandanus polyglossus Martelli, in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1130; --Webbia 4 (1913) 28, t. 39, Fig. 16-18; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: Elmer 11335 (BISH, 2 sheets, L, MO, NY, US), Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Todaya, moist humus-covered soil upon a steep forested ravine at 4500ft of Mt Calelan, Aug-1909. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Primary forest, c. 1350m.
  36. Pandanus pricei P.Zamora & W.Gruezo, Asia Life Sciences 25 (2016) 643; --Type: Zamora s.n. (PUH14581, holo), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., Nonoc Island, 18-Jul-1998. Endemic to Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Only known from type. Conservation status: VU (Zamora & Gruezo, 2016).
  37. Pandanus radicans Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 780; ed. 2 (1845) 537; ed. 3, 3 (1879) 184; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 29, t. 6, Fig. 8-10; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 20. --Pandanus urdanetensis Elmer, LPB 10 (1939) 3775, not validly published, no Latin description; --Type: Elmer 13816 (L, MO, NY, U, US, iso), Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Cabadbaran, Mt Urdeneta, Oct-1912. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Sorsogon, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Medium elevation forests.
  38. Pandanus ramosii Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 242; EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: BS 35136 Ramos (US, iso). Bucas Grande, low elevation dry forest, 10-Jun-1919. Endemic to the Philippines. BUCAS GRANDE, DINAGAT.
  39. Pandanus reclinatus Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 29; --ibid. (1914) 432, t. 27, Fig. 3, 4; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: Elmer 12731 (FI, holo; BISH, L, MO, U, US, iso), Palawan: Palawan prov., Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar (=Thumb Peak), Mar-1911. --Pandanus depauperatus Merr., PJS 26 (1925) 448; EPFP 4 (1925) 247; --Type: BS 41230 Ramos (A, B, US, iso), Busuanga: Concepcion, along small streams in bamboo thickets at low elevation, Sep-1922. Endemic to the Philippines. BUSUANGA, PALAWAN. Lowland forests and bamboo thickets.
  40. Pandanus sibuyanensis Martelli in Elmer, LPB 3 (1911) 1120; --Webbia 4 (1913) 31, t. 34, Fig. as ‘sibujanensis’; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: Elmer 12146 (MO, NY, US, iso), Sibuyan: Magallanes (=Magdiwang), fertile swampy flat of woods near the Pauala River at 1000ft, forming groves. Endemic to the Philippines. SIBUYAN. Forests, c. 350m.
  41. Pandanus simplex Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 6; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 31, t. 14, Fig. 11-14; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 20; --Type: Whitford 782, Luzon: Quezon prov., Infanta, Tinuan (=Tignoan) River, on hilltops, 150m, Sep-1904. --Pandanus utilissimus Elmer, LPB 1 (1906) 80; --Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 67; --Webbia 41 (1913) 36, t. 14, Fig. 9-5; --C.B.Rob., PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 193; --Type: Elmer 7379 (A, L, iso), Luzon: Quezon prov., Mt Banahaw de Lucban, May-1906. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, CATANDUANES. Low and medium elevation forests, also planted. A species remarkable for its enormous syncarps. Photos
  42. Pandanus subacaulis Merr., PJS 13 c (1918) Bot. 263; EPFP 1 (1922) 21; --Type: BS 30489 Ramos (US, iso), Catanduanes: on forested slopes along Sto Domingo River, 5-Dec-1917. Endemic to the Philippines. CATANDUANES. Low and medium elevation forests.
  43. Pandanus tectorius Soland. in Parkins. J. Voy. HMS Endeav. (1773) 46; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 33; --Merr., Fl. Manila (1912) 66; EPFP 1 (1922) 21.  --Pandanus sabotan Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 779; --ed. 2 (1845) 537; --ed. 3, 3 (1879) 184; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 30; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 20. --Pandanus tectorius var. spiralis Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 62; --Webbia 4, 1 (1913) 34, t. 9, Fig. 1-7; t. 12, Fig. 8;  --Pandanus malatensis Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 777, ed. 2 (1845) 535, ed. 3, 3 (1879) 181; Warb. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 84; --Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.), 27 (1905) 89; --?Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 70, Webbia 41 (1913) 22, t. 26, Fig. 22. --Pandanus tectorius Soland. var. surigaensis Martelli in PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 64, Webbia 41 (1913) 34, t. 8, Fig. 9-7 as ‘suringaensis’. --Pandanus tectorius Soland. var. sinensis Warb. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 3 (1900) 48; Martelli, PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 62, Webbia 41 (1913) 34, t.9, Fig. i-10. --Pandanus tectorius Soland. var douglasii Martelli forma philippinensis, Martelli in PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 63, Webbia 41 (1913) 33, t. 8, Fig. 8-10. --Pandanus vidalii Martelli in PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 65; Webbia 41 (1913) 36, pro parte, quoad syn. Vidal. --Pandanus coronatus Martelli in PJS 3 c (1908) Bot. 65 (incl. forma minor); Webbia 41 (1913) 11, t. 4, Fig. 8-19. Indomalesian region to tropical Australia and Polynesia. Coastal, rare or in cultivation. Photos
  44. Pandanus tenuipedunculatus Merr., PJS 17 (1920) 243; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 22; --Type: BS 34739 Ramos & Pascasio (US, iso), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., in open forests at low elevation, 20-Jun-1919. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, SIARGAO. Lowland open forests. Very similar to P. brevispathus Martelli.
  45. Pandanus umbonatus Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 37 (1928) 134; --Type: BS 46967 Ramos & Edaño (A, holo; NY, US, iso), Luzon: Isabela prov., San Mariano, damp forests, 600m, 22-Feb-1926. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Isabela (San Mariano; Mt Moises). Medium elevation (600-800m) forests, abundant along streams. BS 46998 Ramos & Edaño (A) collected in the same area at the type locality, was annotated by KL Huynh in 1975 as holotype of P lateralistigma (apparently an unpublished name).
  46. Pandanus zamboangensis Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 37; --loc.cit. (1914) 426, t. 42, Fig. 7-10; -- Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 22; --Type: Merrill 8051 (US, iso), Mindanao: Lanao del Norte prov., Camp Overton, 22-Nov-1911. Endemic to the Philippines. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Lanao del Norte, Bukidnon. Lowland thickets and secondary forests.

Not included in Timothy Gallaher's key

  1. Pandanus brevistipes Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 8; loc.cit. 4 (1914) 421, t. 38, Fig. 4-9; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 15; --Type: FB 7719 Curran & Merritt, On ridges in forests, c. 800 m. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Batangas. 
  2. Pandanus camarinensis Merr., PJS 14 (1919) 367; EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --Type: BS 33635 (A, US, iso), Luzon: Camarines Norte prov., Paracale, in damp forests at low elevation, 21-Dec-1918. The leaves mounted on the isotype sheet at US belongs to P. luzonensis Merr. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Camarines Norte (Paracale). Lowland forests. Possibly not distinct from P. esculentus Martelli.
  3. Pandanus clementis Merr., PJS 1 suppl.(1906) 178, t.1.; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 10, t. 27, Fig. 6-10; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 16; --Type: Clemens 436, Mindanao: Lanao del Sur prov., Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, c. 800m, Mar-1906. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Merrill Sp. Blancoanae 890 (US), PANAY, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Forests, 100-800m.
  4. Pandanus glauciferus St. John, Pacific Sc. 25 (1961) 327; --Pandanus glauciphyllus C.B.Rob., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 64, 74, non P. ‘glaucophyllus’ Ridley; --Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 15, t. 27, Fig. 14-16; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 18; --Type: RS Williams 2423 (NY, holo; A, NY 2 sheets, US, iso), Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 28-Feb-1905. Endemic to the Philippines. NEGROS, ROMBLON, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, DINAGAT, SIARGAO, BUCAS GRANDE. Lowland forests.
  5. Pandanus hemisphaericus St. John, Pacific Sci. 23 (1969) 364, Fig. 299; --Type: Merrill 1312 (G, holo; FI, L, NY, MO, iso), Palawan: Taytay, May-1913. Endemic to the Philippines. PALAWAN (Taytay; Mt Pulgar), NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns).
  6. Pandanus loherianus Martelli, Webbia 4 (1913) 22; --l.c. (1914) 423, t. 27, Fig. 17-21; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 18; --Type: LUZON: Rizal, Laguna. Low or medium elevation forests along streams.
  7. Pandanus retusus St John, Pacific Sc. 23 (1969) 362, Fig. 298; --Type: Weber 1568 (G, holo; FI, P, iso), Luzon: Cagayan prov., Abulug River, Jan-1912. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan (Abulug River). Known only from the type collection.

Possible ined. new species at PNH (Names not found in IPNI)

  1. Pandanus dracunculus Stone, ined.
  2. Pandanus excavatus St. John, ined.; --Voucher: PNH 10596 Mendoza & Convocar (L), Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., Mt Kabatuan.
  3. Pandanus irigaensis Merr., ined.
  4. Pandanus isabelensis Quisumb. & Merr., ined., --Voucher: BS 47848 Ramos & Edaño (NY), Luzon: Isabela prov., Mt Moises, Mar-1926.
  5. Pandanus modestus ined., Luzon: Palanan.
  6. Pandanus plurirostratus St. John, ined.; --Voucher: Jacobs 7886 (L), Luzon: Aurora prov., Sierra Madre Mtns, WSW of Baler, primary forest formerly logged-over, km 170/171, 600-700m,   15°40’N, 121°18’E, 22-Mar-1968.
  7. Pandanus trialveatus Stone, ined; --Voucher: PNH 36511 DR Mendoza (BISH 2 sheets), Luzon: Quezon prov., Tagkawayan, Siguiwan, under coconut trees at bank of creek, 20-Jul-1957. Subgenus Pandanus, Section Elmeria.

Sararanga Hemsl.

Photos
  1. Sararanga philippinensis Merr., Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philipp.) 29 (1905) 5; --Merr., EPFP 1 (1922) 22. Endemic to the Philippines. LUZON: Quezon, Camarines Norte, Albay, Sorsogon, SIBUYAN, SAMAR, DINAGAT, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Surigao del Sur. Chiefly in secondary forests, 0-750m. Photos

Acknowledgements

Jonah van Beijnen, Alma Gamil and Melanie Schori kindly provided some of the photographs for this webpage.

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Last updated 8 May 2017